Institutt for klinisk medisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 601-620 of 1804
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Staphylococcus borealis sp. Nov., isolated from human skin and blood
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-13)When analysing a large cohort of Staphylococcus haemolyticus , using whole-genome sequencing, five human isolates (four from the skin and one from a blood culture) with aberrant phenotypic and genotypic traits were identified. They were phenotypically similar with yellow colonies, nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and initially speciated as S. haemolyticus based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and ... -
Clinical manifestations and novel pathogenic variants in SOX10 in eight Danish probands with Waardenburg syndrome
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed; Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-06-22)The SRY-related HMG box gene 10 (SOX10), located on 22q13.1, encodes a member of the SOX family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of cell fate and differentiation. SOX10 is one of the six causal genes for Waardenburg syndrome, which is a dominantly inherited auditory-pigmentary disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing impairment ... -
Secretion rates and protein composition of extracellular vesicles released by cancer-associated fibroblasts after radiation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-24)Reciprocal communication between the malignant and non-malignant cellular elements in tumors is essential for cancer sustainability and plays an important role in the response of cancers to treatments. Some of this cellular crosstalk takes place via secretion of vesicles that are actively released into the extracellular space by most cell types in tumors. Recent studies have demonstrated radiation-induced ... -
Impact of respiratory symptoms and oxygen saturation on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism-the Tromsø study.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-09)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). It remains unknown whether individual respiratory symptoms and lowered oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>), individually and in combination with COPD, affect the risk of VTE.<p> <p> Objectives: To investigate whether measures of respiratory impairments including respiratory symptoms ... -
Fetal Superior Vena Cava Blood Flow and Its Fraction of Cardiac Output: A Longitudinal Ultrasound Study in the Second Half of Pregnancy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-06)<i>Introduction</i>: In the fetus, a large proportion of the superior vena cava blood flow (QSVC) comes from the brain. To provide the possibility of using this blood flow as a representation of fetal brain circulation, we aimed to determine the fetal QSVC and its fraction of cardiac output during the second half of physiological pregnancies.<br><br> <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This was a ... -
Prediction of thyroid nodule histopathology by expert ultrasound evaluation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-17)<i>Objective</i> - The basis of thyroid nodule diagnostics is ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy with cytological evaluation (FNC) if ultrasound appearance is not clearly benign. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of dedicated, expert high-resolution ultrasound, to see if histopathological entities of thyroid nodules can be diagnosed without invasive FNC biopsies.< ... -
Adverse events reporting by obstetric units in Norway as part of their quality assurance and patient safety work: an analysis of practice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-08)Background - The Norwegian Board of Health Supervision aims to contribute to the improvement of quality and patient safety in the healthcare services. Planned audits were performed to investigate how 12 selected Norwegian obstetric units reported and analyzed adverse events as the part of their quality assurance and patient safety work.<p> Methods - Serious adverse events coded as birth asphyxia, ... -
Nitric oxide, oxidative stress and streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus bacterial loads in saliva during the different stages of pregnancy: A longitudinal study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Hormonal changes associated with pregnancy promote oral bacterial growth, which may affect salivary nitric oxide (NO) levels, oxidative stress (OS), and antioxidant capacity (AC). We hypothesized that caries-related bacterial load, NO level, and OS in the saliva change with advancing gestation. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in salivary NO, OS, and AC during pregnancy ... -
Hippocampus-Avoidance Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy Is Efficient in the Long-Term Preservation of Hippocampal Volume
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-19)Background and Purpose: With improved life expectancy, preventing neurocognitive decline after cerebral radiotherapy is gaining more importance. Hippocampal damage has been considered the main culprit for cognitive deficits following conventional whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Here, we aimed to determine to which extent hippocampus-avoidance WBRT (HA-WBRT) can prevent hippocampal atrophy ... -
Healthcare professionals' knowledge of modifiable stroke risk factors: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey in greater Gaborone, Botswana
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-27)Background - Stroke remains the second leading cause of deaths and disability globally, with highest mortality in Africa (low- and middle-income countries). It is crucial for healthcare professionals to have sufficient stroke risk factors' knowledge in order to reduce the stroke burden. <p> <p>Aims - We investigated healthcare professionals' knowledge of modifiable stroke risk factors, and ... -
Antenatal breastmilk expression for women with diabetes in pregnancy - a feasibility study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-23)<i>Background</i> - Mothers with diabetes are less likely to achieve successful breastfeeding. Antenatal breastmilk expression (ABE) may facilitate earlier breastfeeding, but feasibility of introducing ABE and its acceptance among Scandinavian women have previously not been investigated.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - This observational trial was conducted between the 1 January 2019 and the 12 March ... -
Development of 8f-labeled radiotracers for pet imaging of the adenosine a2a receptor: Synthesis, radiolabeling and preliminary biological evaluation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-25)The adenosine A<sub>2A</sub> receptor (A<sub>2A</sub>R) represents a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. Aiming at the development of a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer to monitor changes of receptor density and/or occupancy during the A<sub>2A</sub>R-tailored therapy, we designed a library of fluorinated analogs based on a recently published lead compound ... -
Rewarming From Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest Applying Extracorporeal Life Support: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-13)<i>Introduction</i>: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims at comparing outcomes of rewarming after accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or/and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).<br><br> <i>Material and Methods</i>: Literature searches were limited to references with an abstract in English, French or German. Additionally, we searched ... -
Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With GFR Decline in a General Nondiabetic Population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-18)<i>Introduction</i> - Although lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), experimental evidence suggest that aging, inflammation, and oxidative stress may remodel HDL-C, leading to dysfunctional HDL-C. Population studies on HDL-C and loss of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reported inconsistent results, but they used ... -
Responses after spinal interventions in a clinical pain practice - A pragmatic observational study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-24)Introduction - There is limited evidence for effect of interventional treatment, and pragmatic studies are needed to assess these interventions within a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to describe patients referred to an interventional pain clinic and investigate responses after spinal intervention in general and for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transforaminal epidural corticosteroid ... -
Thromboembolic Events During Treatment with Cisplatin-based Chemotherapy in Metastatic Testicular Germ-cell Cancer 2000–2014: A Population-based Cohort Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-15)<i>Background</i> - Cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CBCT) in testicular cancer (TC) is associated with elevated venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk, but trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of thromboprophylaxis are lacking.<br><br> <i>Objective</i> - To evaluate the arterial thromboembolism (ATE) and VTE incidence and risk factors during first-line CBCT for metastatic TC, and the effect of ... -
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease does not impair responses to resistance training
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-06)<i>Background</i> - Subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prone to accelerated decay of muscle strength and mass with advancing age. This is believed to be driven by disease-inherent systemic pathophysiologies, which are also assumed to drive muscle cells into a state of anabolic resistance, leading to impaired abilities to adapt to resistance exercise training. Currently, ... -
Validating Biobehavioral Technologies for Use in Clinical Psychiatry
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-11)The last decade has witnessed the development of sophisticated biobehavioral and genetic, ambulatory, and other measures that promise unprecedented insight into psychiatric disorders. As yet, clinical sciences have struggled with implementing these objective measures and they have yet to move beyond “proof of concept.” In part, this struggle reflects a traditional, and conceptually flawed, application ... -
Early-Onset Sepsis in Neonates - A Population-Based Study in South-West Norway From 1996 to 2018
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-17)<i>Background</i>: The epidemiology of early-onset sepsis (EOS) may change over time. Longitudinal surveillance of causative pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and antibiotic therapy is important for optimal therapy strategies.<br><br> <i>Objectives</i>: To describe the incidence of culture-confirmed EOS, causative pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and antibiotic therapy ... -
Histological and ultrastructural degenerative findings in the gluteus medius tendon after hip arthroplasty
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-26)<i>Background</i> - Despite gluteus medius (GMED) tendinosis being relatively common, its presence in association with hip osteoarthritis (OA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not well studied. It was hypothesized that more tendon degeneration would be found in patients with OA of the hip and in those that had undergone THA than that in a control group.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - One hundred ...