Institutt for klinisk medisin: Nye registreringer
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Severe hypercalcemia caused by parathyroid hormone in a rectal cancer metastasis: a case report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-07)Background - Hypercalcemia of malignancy is relatively common in several cancers. However, in colorectal cancer, paraneoplastic phenomena that cause hypercalcemia is uncommon. In the few cases that are reported, secretion of parathyroid hormone-related peptide mediates the effect. We describe the first case of severe hypercalcemia mediated by intact parathyroid hormone secretion from a bone metastasis ... -
Serum alanine aminotransferase activity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a Caucasian population: the Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-13)Background - High and low levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are both associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risks especially in elderly, but the mechanisms are less known. This study investigated associations between ALT and CVD risk factors including effects of sex and age in a Caucasian population.<p> <p>Methods - Cross-sectional data were analysed sex-stratified in 2555 men ... -
IgE-mediated peanut allergy: Current and novel predictive biomarkers for clinical phenotypes using multi-omics approaches
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-28)Food allergy is a collective term for several immune-mediated responses to food. IgE-mediated food allergy is the best-known subtype. The patients present with a marked diversity of clinical profiles including symptomatic manifestations, threshold reactivity and reaction kinetics. In-vitro predictors of these clinical phenotypes are evasive and considered as knowledge gaps in food allergy diagnosis ... -
Tenecteplase in wake-up ischemic stroke trial: Protocol for a randomized-controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-14)<p>Background: Patients with wake-up ischemic stroke who have evidence of salvageable tissue on advanced imaging can benefit from intravenous thrombolysis. It is not known whether patients who do not fulfil such imaging criteria might benefit from treatment, but studies indicate that treatment based on non-contrast CT criteria may be safe. Tenecteplase has shown promising results in patients with ... -
Ionizing radiation curtails immunosuppressive effects from cancer-associated fibroblasts on dendritic cells
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-09)Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) participate actively in tumor development and affect treatment responses, by among other mechanisms, promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In contrast to normal fibroblasts, reactive CAFs secrete a myriad of immunomodulatory soluble factors at high levels, i.e. growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, which directly influence tumor immunity and ... -
Detection of quebec polyomavirus dna in samples from different patient groups
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-18)Polyomaviruses infect many species, including humans. So far, 15 polyomaviruses have been described in humans, but it remains to be established whether all of these are genuine human polyomaviruses. The most recent polyomavirus to be detected in a person is Quebec polyomavirus (QPyV), which was identified in a metagenomic analysis of a stool sample from an 85-year-old hospitalized man. We used PCR ... -
High expression of microRNA‑126 relates to favorable prognosis for colon cancer patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-05)miR-126 has been identified both as a tumor suppressor and an oncogene in different types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of miR-126-expression in colon cancer patients. Tumor tissue from 452 patients operated for stage I–III colon cancer was retrospectively collected and tissue microarrays were constructed. miR-126 expression was evaluated by in situ ... -
Compensation claims in pediatric orthopedics in Norway between 2012 and 2018: a nationwide study of 487 patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-04)Background and purpose — In Norway all compensation claims based on healthcare services are handled by a government agency (NPE, Norsk Pasientskade Erstatning). We provide an epidemiological overview of claims within pediatric orthopedics in Norway, and identify the most common reasons for claims and compensations.<p> <p>Patients and methods — All compensation claims handled by NPE from 2012 to ... -
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel 18F-labeled radiotracer for PET imaging of the adenosine A2A receptor
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-25)The adenosine A<sub>2A</sub> receptor (A<sub>2A</sub>R) has emerged as a potential non-dopaminergic target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and, thus, the non-invasive imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) is of utmost importance to monitor the receptor expression and occupancy during an A<sub>2A</sub>R-tailored therapy. Aiming at the development of a PET radiotracer, we herein ... -
Rehabilitation Needs, Service Provision, and Costs in the First Year Following Traumatic Injuries: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-14)Background: Traumatic injuries, defined as physical injuries with sudden onset, are a major public health problem worldwide. There is a paucity of knowledge regarding rehabilitation needs and service provision for patients with moderate and major trauma, even if rehabilitation research on a spectrum of specific injuries is available.<p> <p>Objective: This study aims to describe the prevalence of ... -
Incidence, pattern and mechanisms of injuries and fractures in children under two years of age
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-18)Background - Fractures in children under 2 years of age are rare, and little has been published on their mechanisms. We aimed at examining the incidence, mechanisms, pattern and fracture characteristics in a large, population-based cohort of otherwise healthy children.<p> <p>Methods - This retrospective, cross-sectional study includes all children aged 0–2 years, attending the Accident and Emergency ... -
In vivo perforasome perfusion in hemi-DIEP flaps evaluated with indocyanine-green fluorescence angiography and infrared thermography
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05)Background: There are no in vivo studies that evaluate the effect of perforator dissection on the perfusion territory of a perforator (perforasome). In this study, indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) and infrared thermography (IRT) were used intraoperatively to evaluate perforasome perfusion in hemi-DIEP flaps.<p> <p>Methods: Patients selected for DIEP breast reconstruction were ... -
Socio-demographic, psychosocial and environmental factors associated with suicidal behaviour in Indigenous Sami and Greenlandic Inuit adolescents; the WBYG and NAAHS studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-15)Background - For young Indigenous people, suicide is one of the leading causes of death, and high rates in Arctic areas indicate serious health- and societal concerns. More knowledge is needed, as suicidal behaviour predictslater death by suicide.<p> <p>Objectives - The objective was to study associations between suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts and socio-demographic, psychosocial, and ... -
Antibiotic-loaded bone cement in prevention of periprosthetic joint infections in primary total knee arthroplasty: A register-based multicentre randomised controlled non-inferiority trial (ALBA trial)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-28)<i>Introduction</i> - The current evidence on the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) in reducing the risk of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) after primary joint reconstruction is insufficient. In several European countries, the use of ALBC is routine practice unlike in the USA where ALBC use is not approved in low-risk patients. Therefore, we designed a double-blinded pragmatic ... -
Factors associated with treatment in primary versus specialist care: A population-based study of people with type 2 and type 1 diabetes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-08)<p>Aims: The objectives of this study are to identify the proportion and characteristics of people with type 1 and 2 diabetes treated in primary, specialist and shared care and to identify the proportion of persons with type 2 diabetes reaching HbA<sub>1c</sub> treatment targets and the clinical risk factors and general practitioner and practice characteristics associated with treatment in specialist ... -
States’ Environmental Obligations in Disputed Maritime Areas and the Limits of International Law
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2021-05-18)There are many cases worldwide where two or more States’ maritime claims over ocean space and marine resources overlap, leading to disputed maritime areas. Many of these disputed maritime areas include rare or fragile marine ecosystems and constitute the habitat of vulnerable species. General environmental provisions under international law are binding upon States in disputed maritime areas. Yet, ... -
Cerebral blood flow measurements with 15O-water PET using a non-invasive machine-learning-derived arterial input function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-08)<p>Cerebral blood flow (CBF) can be measured with dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) of <sup>15</sup>O-labeled water by using tracer kinetic modelling. However, for quantification of regional CBF, an arterial input function (AIF), obtained from arterial blood sampling, is required. In this work we evaluated a novel, non-invasive approach for input function prediction based on machine learning ... -
Survey of European neurosurgeons’ management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: inconsistent practice and organization
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-01)Background - The discovery of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm creates a dilemma between observation and treatment. Neurosurgeons’ routines for risk assessment and treatment decision-making are unknown. The position of evidence-based medicine in European neurosurgery is considered to be weak, high-grade guidelines do not exist and variations between institutions are probable. We aimed to explore ... -
GFR in healthy aging: An individual participant data meta-analysis of iohexol clearance in european population-based cohorts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07)<i>Background</i> - Population mean GFR is lower in older age, but it is unknown whether healthy aging is associated with preserved rather than lower GFR in some individuals.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - We investigated the cross-sectional association between measured GFR, age, and health in persons aged 50–97 years in the general population through a meta-analysis of iohexol clearance measurements ... -
Occurrence of postdural puncture headache - A randomized controlled trial comparing 22G Sprotte and Quincke
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-12)<i>Objective</i> - To assess the incidence of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) using 22-gauge atraumatic needle (Sprotte, 22GS) compared with 22-gauge traumatic needle (Quincke, 22GQ).<br><br> <i>Background</i> - Diagnostic lumbar puncture (dLP) is commonly complicated by PDPH. Despite evidence to support the use of 22GS, European neurologists seem to keep using 22GQ.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> ...