dc.contributor.author | Aganovic, Amar | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-01-30T07:57:09Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-01-30T07:57:09Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023-05-10 | |
dc.description.abstract | The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the influenza epidemics have revived the
interest in understanding how these highly contagious enveloped viruses respond
to alterations in the physicochemical properties of their microenvironment. By
understanding the mechanisms and conditions by which viruses exploit the
pH environment of the host cell during endocytosis, we can gain a better
understanding of how they respond to pH-regulated anti-viral therapies but
also pH-induced changes in extracellular environments. This review provides
a detailed explanation of the pH-dependent viral structural changes preceding
and initiating viral disassembly during endocytosis for influenza A (IAV) and SARS
coronaviruses. Drawing upon extensive literature from the last few decades and
latest research, I analyze and compare the circumstances in which IAV and
SARS-coronavirus can undertake endocytotic pathways that are pH-dependent.
While there are similarities in the pH-regulated patterns leading to fusion, the
mechanisms and pH activation differ. In terms of fusion activity, the measured
activation pH values for IAV, across all subtypes and species, vary between
approximately 5.0 to 6.0, while SARS-coronavirus necessitates a lower pH of 6.0
or less. The main difference between the pH-dependent endocytic pathways
is that the SARS-coronavirus, unlike IAV, require the presence of specific pHsensitive enzymes (cathepsin L) during endosomal transport. Conversely, the
conformational changes in the IAV virus under acidic conditions in endosomes
occur due to the specific envelope glycoprotein residues and envelope protein
ion channels (viroporins) getting protonated by H+ ions. Despite extensive
research over several decades, comprehending the pH-triggered conformational
alterations of viruses still poses a significant challenge. The precise mechanisms
of protonation mechanisms of certain during endosomal transport for both
viruses remain incompletely understood. In absence of evidence, further research
is needed. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Aganovic. pH-dependent endocytosis mechanisms for influenza A and SARS-coronavirus. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2023 | en_US |
dc.identifier.cristinID | FRIDAID 2234701 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1190463 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1664-302X | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/32760 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | en_US |
dc.publisher | Frontiers Media | en_US |
dc.relation.journal | Frontiers in Microbiology | |
dc.rights.accessRights | openAccess | en_US |
dc.rights.holder | Copyright 2023 The Author(s) | en_US |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 | en_US |
dc.rights | Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) | en_US |
dc.title | pH-dependent endocytosis mechanisms for influenza A and SARS-coronavirus | en_US |
dc.type.version | publishedVersion | en_US |
dc.type | Journal article | en_US |
dc.type | Tidsskriftartikkel | en_US |
dc.type | Peer reviewed | en_US |