Institutt for medisinsk biologi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 301-320 of 1154
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Inhibition of bacterial and human zinc-metalloproteases by bisphosphonate- and catechol-containing compounds
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-23)Compounds containg catechol or bisphosphonate were tested as inhibitors of the zinc metalloproteases, thermolysin (TLN), pseudolysin (PLN) and aureolysin (ALN) which are bacterial virulence factors, and the human matrix metalloproteases MMP-9 and −14. Inhibition of virulence is a putative strategy in the development of antibacterial drugs, but the inhibitors should not interfere with human enzymes. ... -
Nephronectin as a matrix effector in cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-25)The extracellular matrix protein nephronectin plays an important regulatory role during embryonic development, controlling renal organogenesis through integrin α8β1 association. Nephronectin has three main domains: five N-terminal epidermal growth factor-like domains, a linker region harbouring two integrin-binding motifs (RGD and LFEIFEIER), and a C-terminal MAM domain. In this review, we look into ... -
Time trends of perfluoroalkyl substances in blood in 30-year old Norwegian men and women in the period 1986–2007
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-11)Biomonitoring studies are helpful tools and can increase our knowledge on time trends in human blood concentrations of PFASs: how they relate to emission trends and the potential prenatal exposure for future generations. In this study, serum was sampled in cross-sections of men and women who were 30 years old in each of the years 1986, 1994, 2001, and 2007 in Northern Norway and analyzed for 23 ... -
Evaluation of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus DNA in Tissue Samples from italian Patients With Diagnosis of MCC
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-05)Because the incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) has increased significantly during the last 10 years and it is recognized that Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation represent two different etiological inputs sharing clinical, histopathological, and prognostic similar features, although with different prognosis, this study investigated the detection of MCPyV in skin and ... -
High prevalence of multidrug resistant ESBL- and plasmid mediated AmpC-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-06)Background: Epidemiological data of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in Sub-Saharan Africa is still restricted,and in particular in Mozambique. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing clinical strains of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), a 1000-bed reference hospital in Maputo, ... -
Real-life evaluation of histologic scores for Ulcerative Colitis in remission
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-08)Background - Histological evaluation of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients has been debated ever since the first description of the disease and its role in follow-up has never been fully established. Recent evidence suggests an added benefit in accuracy when evaluating if the patient is in remission. Unfortunately, there are several different histological indices, and it is difficult to compare outcomes ... -
KI and WU Polyomavirus in Respiratory Samples of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-09)Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a global pandemic. Our goal was to determine whether co-infections with respiratory polyomaviruses, such as Karolinska Institutet polyomavirus (KIPyV) and Washington University polyomavirus (WUPyV) occur in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Oropharyngeal swabs from 150 individuals, 112 symptomatic COVID-19 patients and 38 ... -
Neuroinflammatory processes are augmented in mice overexpressing human heat-shock protein B1 following ethanol-induced brain injury
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-10)Background - Heat-shock protein B1 (HSPB1) is among the most well-known and versatile member of the evolutionarily conserved family of small heat-shock proteins. It has been implicated to serve a neuroprotective role against various neurological disorders via its modulatory activity on inflammation, yet its exact role in neuroinflammation is poorly understood. In order to shed light on the exact ... -
Transcriptome profiling of staphylococcus aureus associated extracellular vesicles reveals presence of small RNA-cargo
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-13)Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a vital role in bacterial pathogenesis. However, to date, the small RNA-cargo of EVs released by the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has not been characterized. Here, we shed light on the association of small RNAs with EVs secreted by S. aureus MSSA476 cultured in iron-depleted bacteriologic media supplemented with a subinhibitory dosage of ... -
Optimization of the use of PrepFiler Express™ Forensic DNA extraction kit lysis buffer discard for mRNA profiling
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-06-01)mRNA profiling for body fluid or tissue type identification is able to provide circumstantial information alongside DNA profiles from biological material found at a crime scene. To solve the challenge of material limitation in body fluid identification, studies have successfully developed mRNA profiles of RNA extracted from lysis buffer discard of DNA-extraction. It would be interesting to examine ... -
High Palmitate Alters Glutathione Redox During Severe Oxidant Stress in the Heart; An Evaluation of Altered Glutathione Redox Environment on Cardiac Function and Mitochondrial Energetics.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-18)When the heart is under stress, e.g. ischemia-reperfusion (IR), it produces an enormous amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione, which is an endogenous antioxidant derived from the ‘nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen’ (NADH) of the ‘tricarboxylic acid’ cycle, can fight against this oxidative stress to balance the redox environment, and convert the produced ROS to H2O. In this ... -
Biodistribution of Poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles in Mice and Effect on Tumor Infiltration of Macrophages into a Patient-Derived Breast Cancer Xenograft
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-28)We have investigated the biodistribution and tumor macrophage infiltration after intravenous injection of the poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (NPs): PEBCA (poly(2-ethyl-butyl cyanoacrylate), PBCA (poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate), and POCA (poly(octyl cyanoacrylate), in mice. These NPs are structurally similar, have similar PEGylation, and have previously been shown to give large variations in ... -
Phosphorylation of the LIR Domain of SCOC Modulates ATG8 Binding Affinity and Specificity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-24)<p>Autophagy is a highly conserved degradative pathway, essential for cellular homeostasis and implicated in diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. Autophagy-related 8 (ATG8) proteins play a central role in autophagosome formation and selective delivery of cytoplasmic cargo to lysosomes by recruiting autophagy adaptors and receptors. The LC3-interacting region (LIR) docking site (LDS) of ... -
A study on the interactions between perfluorosulfonic acids and P-glycoprotein
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-18)Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have received a great deal of attention due to the ubiquitous occurrence and persistence in the environment, resistance to degradation, and biological accumulation in wildlife and humans. PFAS are being detected around the globe, raising concerns regarding the toxicity and health risks to humans. Studies have shown that environmental toxicants, including PFAS, can ... -
Pre- and post-diagnostic blood profiles of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants and metabolic markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and controls; a pilot study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-09)Objective - Several risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are also associated with blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and factors related to the disease may affect POP concentrations, and subsequent associations between POPs and T2DM. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the change in concentrations of lipids, hormones and POPs pre- and post-diagnosis ... -
Complete Genome Sequences of 12 Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Containing qnrS1 Based on Hybrid Assemblies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-28)In total, 12 quinolone-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (QREC) strains containing <i>qnrS1</i> were submitted to long-read sequencing using a FLO-MIN106 flow cell on a MinION device. The long reads were assembled with short reads (Illumina) and analyzed using the MOB-suite pipeline. Six of these QREC genome sequences were closed after hybrid assembly. -
Investigation into the presence of CRISPR-Cas- and R-M systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae and correlation with antibiotic resistance, virulence and plasmids
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-06-05)The aims were to perform a bioinformatic-statistical analysis of CRISPR-Cas- and R-M systems in a diverse whole genome sequenced K. pneumoniae population, and their correlations to virulence score and AMR -/ plasmid content. The strains (n=999) consisted of Norwegian fecal carrier (n=484) and clinical (NORM; ESBL and non-ESBL producing) (n=414), and national-international clinical ST307 strains ... -
The prevalence of HPA-1a alloimmunization and the potential risk of FNAIT depend on both the DRB3*01:01 allele and associated DR-DQ haplotypes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-16)Alloimmunization against human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a during pregnancy can cause foetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) and severe bleeding in the foetus or newborn and likely depends on several factors. HPA-1a alloimmunization is associated with <i>DRB3*01:01</i>, which is associated with several DR-DQ haplotypes. However, it is not known to what extent these haplotypes contribute ... -
Genetic Diversity of the Noncoding Control Region of the Novel Human Polyomaviruses
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-07)The genomes of polyomaviruses are characterized by their tripartite organization with an early region, a late region and a noncoding control region (NCCR). The early region encodes proteins involved in replication and transcription of the viral genome, while expression of the late region generates the capsid proteins. Transcription regulatory sequences for expression of the early and late genes, as ... -
Hemodynamic effects of a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, Riociguat, and an activator, Cinaciguat, during NO-modulation in healthy pigs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-14)Cardiovascular diseases are often characterized by dysfunctional endothelium. To compensate for the related lack of nitric oxide (NO), a class of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators and activators have been developed with the purpose of acting downstream of NO in the NO-sGC-cGMP cascade. These drugs have been discovered using photoaffinity labeling of sGC and high-throughput screening of a ...