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norskInstitutt for samfunnsmedisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1181-1200 of 2031
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Do patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and somatoform tendencies benefit from antireflux surgery?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-21)<p><i>BACKGROUND - </i>The clinical presentation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) shows a large symptom variation also in different intensities among patients. As several studies have shown, there is a large overlap in the symptomatic spectrum between proven GERD and other disorders such as dyspepsia, functional heartburn and/or somatoform disorders. <p><i>AIM - </i>To prospectively ... -
The Evidence Base for an Ideal Care Pathway for Frail Multimorbid Elderly: Combined Scoping and Systematic Intervention Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-22)<i>Background</i>: There is a call for bold and innovative action to transform the current care systems to meet the needs of an increasing population of frail multimorbid elderly. International health organizations propose complex transformations toward digitally supported (1) Person-centered, (2) Integrated, and (3) Proactive care (Digi-PIP care). However, uncertainty regarding both the design and ... -
Recruitment and inclusion procedures as "pain killers" in clinical trials?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-03)<p><i>Background - </i>Recruitment and inclusion procedures in clinical trials are time critical. This holds particularly true for studies investigating patients with fluctuating symptom patterns, like those with chronic neck pain. In a feasibility study on neck pain, we found a clinically relevant decrease in pain ratings within the recruitment period. This paper analyses the phenomenon and gives ... -
Workplace diesel exhausts and gasoline exposure and risk of colorectal cancer in four Nordic countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-09)<i>Background</i>: Evidence on associations between occupational diesel exhaust and gasoline exposure and colorectal cancer is limited. We aimed to assess the effect of workplace exposure to diesel exhaust and gasoline on the risk of colorectal cancer.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: This caseecontrol study included 181,709 colon cancer and 109,227 rectal cancer cases diagnosed between 1961 and 2005 in ... -
Recruit & Retain - Making it Work. Den norske case-studien
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2019)Denne rapporten er skrevet som del av sluttrapporteringen av prosjektet Recruit & Retain – Making it Work. Prosjektet er støttet av EU-programmet The Northern Perifery and Arctic Program (http://www.interreg-npa.eu) og har gått over tre år fra februar 2016 til januar 2019. Hovedmålsettingen med prosjektet har vært å finne fram til modeller for å arbeide systematisk med rekruttering og stabilisering ... -
Estimated 8-year cumulative incidence of diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami inhabitants of Northern Norway- The SAMINOR Study
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-24)<b>Background</b><br> The aim of the study was to estimate and compare the 8-year cumulative incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among Sami and non-Sami inhabitants of rural districts in Northern Norway. <br><b>Methods</b><br> Longitudinal study based on linkage of two cross-sectional surveys, the SAMINOR 1 Survey (2003–2004) and the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey (2012–2014). Ten municipalities in rural ... -
Use of non-prescription (OTC) analgesics - utilization pattern and user characteristics in Norway, The Tromsø study: Tromsø 6
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-07-21)Background: Drug policies in western countries, as well as countries in most other parts of the world, support self-medication with Over-The-Counter (OTC) drugs. The switch from prescription (Rx)-to-OTC has been most common in the Nordic countries, Great Britain and Germany in the last decades and deregulations were done to make it possible to sell OTC analgesics other places than under the pharmacy ... -
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand, osteoprotegerin, and risk of death following a breast cancer diagnosis: results from the EPIC cohort
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-22)<b>Background</b><br> Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK)-signaling is involved in tumor growth and spread in experimental models. Binding of RANK ligand (RANKL) to RANK activates signaling, which is inhibited by osteoprotegerin (OPG). We have previously shown that circulating soluble RANKL (sRANKL) and OPG are associated with breast cancer risk. Here we extend these findings to ... -
Survey on female genital mutilation/cutting in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-08)<b>Objectives</b> <br>The objective of this study was to determine whether female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) exists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. <br> <b>Design</b> <br>A cross-sectional study. <br> <b>Setting </b><br>King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. <br> <b>Participants </b><br>Between December 2016 and August 2017, women attending the obstetrics and gynaecology ... -
Ecological study on the use of hormonal contraception, abortions and births among teenagers in the Nordic countries
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-30)Objectives <br>Compare hormonal contraceptive use, birth and abortion rates among teenagers in the Nordic countries. A secondary aim was to explore plausible explanations for possible differences between countries.<br> Design <br> Ecological study using national registry data concerning births and abortions among all women aged 15–19 years residing in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden ... -
Classical Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) in Arkhangelsk: Have They Changed over the Years? Comparison of Cross-sectional Studies: Arkhangelsk Study 2000 and Arkhangelsk Part of Know Your Heart Study 2015-17.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Background: According to the World Health Organization, 31% of all deaths worldwide result from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Even though Russia, an upper-middle income country, still have higher CVD mortality compared to the neighboring countries such as Finland and Norway, it has seen a reduction in CVD mortality since the turn of the millennium. ... -
Determinants for participation in The Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-06-20)Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women worldwide, and the second most important cause of cancer death in developed countries after lung cancer. Early detection with mammographic screening reduces breast cancer mortality. Few studies have investigated factors associated with participation in The Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme. Objective: To identify determinants ... -
Stigma knyttet til psykisk helse på arbeidsplassen. En fenomenologisk studie.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-31)Bakgrunn; Psykiske plager og lidelser omfatter store deler av befolkningen. Prevalensen for å få en psykisk plage eller lidelse i løpet av ens levetid i Norge, ligger på rundt 40%. Negative holdninger og stigma samt frafall fra arbeid kan virke mer sykdomsfremmende og sykdomsbevarende for enkelte. Mål; Dette studiet gikk ut på å undersøke og belyse utfordringer knyttet til psykisk helse på arbeidsplassen ... -
Prevalence and predictors of fatigue among people living with HIV in Northern and Southern Norway. From the cross-sectional study of mental health and quality of life among people living with HIV in Northern and Southern Norway, 2014-2015
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-30)Fatigue is described as a sensation of tiredness and exhaustion that potentially interferes with daily life functioning, and is a common symptom in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aim is to investigate the prevalence and the predictors of fatigue among PLWH in Northern and Southern Norway. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two hospitals in 2014-2015. Fatigue was measured with the ... -
Birthweight percentiles by gestational age in Georgia
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-16)Background: Development of country specific birthweight percentile by gestational age chart has been suggested to identify small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) babies who are at a risk of perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Objectives: The objective of this study was to construct sex-specific standard birthweight by gestational age chart for Georgia. Methodology: ... -
Antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings. Prevalence and levels of tet(M) resistance gene in saliva of dental students
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-15)Rationale: Antibiotic resistance compromises achievements of modern medicine and is a major threat to the society. The oral cavity has the distinct microbial community that serves as a reservoir for determinants of antibiotic resistance. Tet(M) gene is abundant in bacteria residing in the oral cavity and is often identified in oral specimens. Absolute quantification of resistance genes copies allows ... -
Dental Anxiety in Northern Norway. Epidemiologic Assessment of Dental Anxiety in the Troms County - the TOHNN-study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-23)Objectives. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of dental anxiety (DA) in the Troms county and to investigate the association of DA and variables of socio-economic status, geographic distribution, gender, dental care habits, and oral health status. Methods. Data from the Tromstannen – Oral health in Northern Norway (TOHNN) study was used. Dental anxiety was assessed with the aid ... -
Iron stores and hemoglobin are negatively related with carotid atherosclerosis: the Tromsø Study. A cross-sectional study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-19)Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Iron has been suggested to have role in CVD though, epidemiological findings have been conflicting. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of body iron in carotid atherosclerosis in a population-based survey. Further, we wanted to analyze the prevalence of carotid plaques ... -
Does insomnia modify the association between C-reactive protein and migraine? The Tromsø Study 2015-2016.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-12)<p><i>Background - </i>The relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and migraine is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to investigate the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and types of headache, and to evaluate the impact of insomnia on this association. <p><i>Methods - </i>A total of 20,486 (63%) out of 32,591 invited, aged ≥40 ... -
Self-assessment of the outcome of first trimester medical abortion compared to routine clinic follow-up: A systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Background: Home self-administration of misoprostol for medical abortion has been suggested as safe, efficient, feasible and acceptable. However, it remains inaccessible for many women especially in low-resource settings. Administration of misoprostol at home and self-assessment by urine pregnancy tests (UPTs) to confirm complete termination of pregnancy with follow-up by home visits or telephone ...
