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norskInstitutt for samfunnsmedisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1541-1560 of 2050
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Self-treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requires more than symptom recognition – a qualitative study of COPD patients’ perspectives on self-treatment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017)Background: Self-treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD with antibiotics and/or oral corticosteroids has emerged as a promising strategy to reduce hospitalization rates, mortality and health costs. However, for reasons little understood, the effect of self-treatment, particularly when not part of comprehensive self-management programs, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to get insight ... -
Why do physicians lack engagement with smoking cessation treatment in their COPD patients? A multinational qualitative study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-23)Smoking cessation is the only effective intervention to slow down the accelerated decline in lung function in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nevertheless, physicians often do not routinely provide evidence-based smoking cessation treatment to their patients. To understand underlying reasons, we explored how physicians engage in smoking cessation treatment in their chronic ... -
How stable are quantitative sensory testing measurements over time? Report on 10-week reliability and agreement of results in healthy volunteers.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-29)Background: Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a diagnostic tool for the assessment of the somatosensory system. To establish QST as an outcome measure for clinical trials, the question of how similar the measurements are over time is crucial. Therefore, long-term reliability and limits of agreement of the standardized QST protocol of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain were ... -
”It´s incredible how much I´ve had to fight.” Negotiating medical uncertainty in clinical encounters.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-24)Purpose: Clinical encounters related to medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are associated with high levels of conflict between patients and doctors. Collaborative difficulties are fused by the medical uncertainty that dominates these consultations. The main aim of this study is to explore the interactional dynamics of clinical encounters riddled by medical uncertainty, as experienced by ... -
The Burden of Primary Liver Cancer and Underlying Etiologies From 1990 to 2015 at the Global, Regional, and National Level: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-05)Liver cancer is among the leading causes of cancer deaths in many countries. Causes of liver cancer differ widely among populations. Our results show that most cases of liver cancer can be prevented through vaccination, antiviral treatment, safe blood transfusion and injection practices, as well as interventions to reduce excessive alcohol use. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, the ... -
First-trimester smoking cessation in pregnancy did not increase the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia: A Murmansk County Birth Registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-10)Although prior studies have shown that smoking reduces preeclampsia/eclampsia risk, the consequence of giving up this habit during pregnancy should be assessed. The aims of the current study were threefold: (i) describe maternal characteristics of women with preeclampsia/ eclampsia; (ii) examine a possible association between the number of cigarettes smoked daily during pregnancy and the development ... -
The impact of a Nickel-Copper smelter on concentrations of toxic elements in local wild food from the Norwegian, Finnish, and Russian border regions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-28)Toxic elements emitted from the Pechenganickel complex on the Kola Peninsula have caused concern about potential effects on local wild food in the border regions between Norway, Finland and Russia. The aim of this study was to assess Ni, Cu, Co, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg concentrations in local wild foods from these border regions. During 2013–2014, we collected samples of different berry, mushroom, ... -
Bevaringsbiologi - Fjellrev i NINA 2005
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2005-11)Fjellrev Alopex lagopus er en av de mest utrydningstruede pattedyr i Norge og det er stort be-hov for kunnskap både om direkte og underliggende årsaker til fjellrevens tilbakegang så vel som mulige tiltak. ”Overvåkningsprosjektet”, ”GIS-analyser”, ”Fjellrev på Finse”, ”Genetikk på fjellrev” og ”Avlsprosjektet”, er alle integrerte delprosjekter i et fellesprosjekt – ”Bevaringsbiologi – fjellrev” ved ... -
Change in potato consumption among Norwegian women 1998-2005—The Norwegian Women and Cancer study (NOWAC)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-09)Studies have shown that potato consumption in Norway have been on the decline in recent years. Increase in income and the association of potato consumption with weight gain and chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes have been identified as some of the factors responsible for the change. The aim of this study was to describe the change in potato consumption within persons and how non-dietary ... -
The reproducibility of self-reported age at menarche: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)Background: Previous studies of the reproducibility of self-reported age at menarche have been limited because of small study samples, short follow-up and the limited age span of the women included. Methods: The present study assessed the reproducibility of age at menarche in 6731 women with a wide variation of age when giving the information about age at menarche. The women reported age at ... -
“Blaming, shaming, humiliation”: Stigmatising medical interactions among people with non-epileptic seizures.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-07-24)Background: People with non-epileptic seizures (NES) describe difficult and challenging relationships with health professionals, and explain negative interactions as common and expected. Despite these difficulties, little is known about how people with NES experience healthcare encounters. Methods: Using a thematic discourse analysis approach, we analysed the free-text survey responses of 135 ... -
Self-reported musculoskeletal complaints. Prevalence, risk factors, and mortality.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-06-30)This thesis used data from the large-scale population-based Tromsø Study. More than 45,000 inhabitants of the municipality of Tromsø participated in at least one of the seven surveys conducted between 1974 and 2016 (Tromsø 1-7). In the papers constituting this thesis, musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) were defined as having pain and/or stiffness in muscles and joints lasting for at least 3 months ... -
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-02)The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assessed the independent mediating role of smoking in the association between childhood adversity and ADS ... -
Risk factors for perinatal mortality in Murmansk County, Russia: a registry-based study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-27)Background: Factors contributing to perinatalmortality (PM) in Northwest Russia remain unclear. This study investigated possible associations between selected maternal and fetal characteristics and PM based on data from the population-based Murmansk County Birth Registry. <br> Objective: This study investigated possible associations between selected maternal and fetal characteristics and PM ... -
Cross-sectional study of the differences between measured, perceived and desired body size and their relations with self-perceived health in young adults: The Tromsø Study - Fit Futures 2
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-09)Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between measured body size (body mass index (BMI)), perceived body size, weight change wishes and self-perceived health in young adults. Methods: The participants were recruited from a school-based population study in Norway, the Tromsø Study: Fit Futures 2, carried out in 2012–2013. A total of 629 young women and men (aged 18–23 years) ... -
Assessment of otoscopy: how does observation compare to a review of clinical evidence?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)Background and Purpose: To investigate how much the method of observation agrees with a standardised review of evidence of clinical examination, for the assessment of clinical otoscopic competence. <br> Methods: 65 medical students took part in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) station using patients with real pathology. Examiners assessed otoscopic competency in tympanic membrane ... -
Saturated fatty acid intakes and the risk of myocardial infarction in women. A prospective cohort study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-23)Some recent researches about relationships between dietary fat and the risk of cardiovascular disease revealed contrasting results with the lipid hypothesis. The primary object of this study was to explore the risk of non-fatal (self-reported) myocardial infarction in relation to saturated fat consumption. We used food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to measure saturated fat intake -
Complementary and conventional providers in cancer care: experience of communication with patients and step to improve communication with other providers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-08)Background: Effective interdisciplinary communication is important to achieve better quality in health care. The aims of this study were to compare conventional and complementary providers’ experience of communication about complementary therapies and conventional medicine with their cancer patients, and to investigate how they experience interdisciplinary communication and cooperation. Method: ... -
Placebo effect is probably what we refer to as patient healing power. A qualitative pilot study among complementary therapists in Norway.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-12)Background: Complementary therapists spend considerable time with their patients, especially in the first consultation. The communication between patients and their therapists is important for raising consciousness and activation of the patient’s self-healing power. Thus, the aims in this study were to delineate what complementary therapists regard as essential in patient consultations, their ... -
Examination of the double burden hypothesis—a systematic review of work–family conflict and sickness absence
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-01)Background: Women consistently have higher sickness absence than men. The double-burden hypothesis suggests this is due to higher work–family burden in women than men. The current study aimed to systematically review prospective studies of work–family conflict and subsequent sickness absence. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases Medline, PsycINFO, and Embase with ...
