Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1621-1640 of 1899

    • Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients: A cohort study 

      Romaguera, Dora; Ward, Heather; Wark, Petra A.; Vergnaud, Anne-Claire; Peeters, Petra H.; van Gils, Carla H.; Ferrari, Pietro; Fedirko, Veronika; Jenab, Mazda; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Dossus, Laure; Dartois, Laureen; Hansen, Camilla Plambeck; Dahm, Christina Catherine; Buckland, Genevieve; Sánchez, María-José; Dorronsoro, Miren; Navarro, Carmen; Barricarte, Aurelio; Key, Timothy J.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Tsironis, Christos; Lagiou, Pagona; Masala, Giovanna; Pala, Valeria; Tumino, Rosario; Vineis, Paolo; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Siersema, Peter D.; Ohlsson, Bodil; Jirström, Karin; Wennberg, Maria; Nilsson, Lena Maria; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena A.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Tjønneland, Anne; Boeing, Heiner; Quirós, José Ramón; Gunter, Mark J.; Riboli, Eilo; Norat, Teresa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-05-07)
      Background: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for cancer prevention. Previous studies have demonstrated that higher concordance with these recommendations measured using an index score (the WCRF/AICR score) was associated with ...

    • The quality of denominator data in surgical site infection surveillance versus administrative data in Norway 2005-2010 

      Løwer, Hege Line Magnussen; Eriksen, Hanne-Merete; Aavitsland, Preben; Skjeldestad, Finn Egil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-11-30)
      Background: High quality of surveillance systems for surgical site infections (SSIs) is the key to their usefulness. The Norwegian Surveillance System for Antibiotic Consumption and Healthcare-Associated Infections (NOIS) was introduced by regulation in 2005, and is based largely on automated extraction of data from underlying systems in the hospitals. <p>Methods: This study investigates the ...

    • Can we rely on simulated patients' satisfaction with their consultation for assessing medical students' communication skills? A cross-sectional study 

      Gude, Tore; Grimstad, Hilde; Holen, Are; Anvik, Tor; Baerheim, Anders; Fasmer, Ole Bernt; Hjortdahl, Per; Vaglum, Per Jørgen Wiggen (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-18)
      Background: In medical education, teaching methods offering intensive practice without high utilization of faculty resources are needed. We investigated whether simulated patients’ (SPs’) satisfaction with a consultation could predict professional observers’ assessment of young doctors’ communication skills. <p>Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study of 62 videotaped consultations ...

    • Impact of referral templates on the quality of referrals from primary to secondary care: a cluster randomised trial 

      Wåhlberg, Henrik; Valle, Per Christian; Malm, Siri; Broderstad, Ann Ragnhild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-29)
      Background: The referral letter is an important document facilitating the transfer of care from a general practitioner (GP) to secondary care. Hospital doctors have often criticised the quality and content of referral letters, and the effectiveness of improvement efforts remains uncertain. <p>Methods: A cluster randomised trial was conducted using referral templates for patients in four diagnostic ...

    • Outcome prediction in chronic unilateral lumbar radiculopathy: Prospective cohort study 

      Iversen, Trond; Solberg, Tore; Wilsgaard, Tom; Waterloo, Knut; Brox, Jens Ivar; Ingebrigtsen, Tor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-07)
      Background: Identification of prognostic factors for persistent pain and disability are important for better understanding of the clinical course of chronic unilateral lumbar radiculopathy and to assist clinical decision-making. There is a lack of scientific evidence concerning prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to identify clinically relevant predictors for outcome at 52 weeks. <p>Methods: ...

    • How to Handle Worsening of Condition during Treatment-Risk Assessment in Homeopathic Practice 

      Stub, Trine; Salamonsen, Anita; Kristoffersen, Agnete Egilsdatter; Musial, Frauke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-18)
      Even though homeopathy is regarded by many as a harmless intervention, homeopathic practice, may not be entirely risk free. Homeopathic aggravation, a concept unique for homeopathy, may impose a particular risk as it allows the health status of the patients to deteriorate before there is an possible improvement. Risk in homeopathy can be divided into direct and indirect risk. Direct risk includes ...

    • Reproductive factors and risk of mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; a cohort study 

      Merritt, Melissa A.; Riboli, Elio; Murphy, Neil; Kadi, Mai; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Overvad, Kim; Dossus, Laure; Dartois, Laureen; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Fortner, Renée T.; Katzke, Verena A.; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Lagiou, Pagona; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Peeters, Petra H.; Lund, Eiliv; Nakamura, Aurelie; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Quirós, José Ramón; Agudo, Antonio; Molina-Montes, Esther; Larranaga, Nerea; Dorronsoro, Miren; Cirera, Lluis; Barricarte, Aurelio; Olsson, Åsa; Butt, Salma; Idahl, Annika; Lundin, Eva; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Key, Timothy J.; Brennan, Paul; Ferrari, Pietro; Wark, Petra A.; Norat, Teresa; Cross, Amanda J.; Gunter, Mark J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-10-30)
      Background: Reproductive events are associated with important physiologic changes, yet little is known about how reproductive factors influence long-term health in women. Our objective was to assess the relation of reproductive characteristics with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. <p>Methods: The analysis was performed within the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ...

    • Health workers' experiences, barriers, preferences and motivating factors in using mHealth forms in Ethiopia 

      Medhanyie, Araya Abrha; Little, Alex; Yebyo, Henock; Spigt, Marcus; Tadesse, Kidane; Blanco, Roman; Dinant, Geert-Jan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-15)
      <p>Background: Mobile health (mHealth) applications, such as innovative electronic forms on smartphones, could potentially improve the performance of health care workers and health systems in developing countries. However, contextual evidence on health workers’ barriers and motivating factors that may influence large-scale implementation of such interfaces for health care delivery is ...

    • Prevalence of birth defects in an Arctic Russian setting from 1973 to 2011: a register-based study 

      Postoev, Vitaly Alexandrovich; Nieboer, Evert; Grjibovski, Andrej; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-10)
      Background Birth defects (BD) constitute an important public health issue as they are the main cause of infant death. Their prevalence in Europe for 2008–2012 was 25.6 per 1000 newborns. To date, there are no population-based studies for the Russian Federation. The aim of the present study is to estimate the prevalence of BD, its forms, and changes over time in the Russian Arctic city of Monchegorsk ...

    • Class, Social suffering and Health Consumerism 

      Merrild, Camilla Hoffmann; Risør, Mette Bech; Vedsted, Peter; Andersen, Rikke Sand (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-10-12)
      In recent years an extensive social gradient in cancer outcome has attracted much attention, with late diagnosis proposed as one important reason for this. Whereas earlier research has investigated health care seeking among cancer patients, these social differences may be better understood by looking at health care seeking practices among people who are not diagnosed with cancer. Drawing on ...

    • What characterises women who eat potatoes? A cross-sectional study among 74,208 women in the Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort 

      Åsli, Lene Angell; Braaten, Tonje; Olsen, Anja; Lund, Eiliv; Skeie, Guri (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-19)
      <p>Background: Studies of potato consumption have shown that age, region, socioeconomic status, and household structure are important determinants. <p>Objective: This study aims to map which factors influence potato consumption among women in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study. <p>Design: A cross-sectional study using a postal questionnaire among 74,208 NOWAC participants aged ...

    • Adherence to the healthy Nordic food index, dietary composition, and lifestyle among Swedish women 

      Roswall, Nina; Eriksson, Ulf; Sandin, Sven; Löf, Marie; Olsen, Anja; Skeie, Guri; Adami, Hans Olov; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-11)
      <p>Background: Studies examining diet scores in relation to health outcomes are gaining ground. Thus, control for dietary factors not part of the score, and lifestyle associated with adherence, is required to allow for a causal interpretation of studies on diet scores and health outcomes. <p>Objective: The study objective is to describe and investigate dietary composition, micronutrient density, ...

    • The Chronic Care Model and technological research and innovation: A scoping review at the crossroad 

      Gammon, Barbara Deede; Berntsen, Gro Karine Rosvold; Koricho, Absera Teshome; Sygna, Karin; Ruland, Cornelia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-06)
      Background: Information and communication technologies (ICT) are key to optimizing the outcomes of the Chronic Care Model (CCM), currently acknowledged as the best synthesis of available evidence for chronic illness prevention and management. At the same time, CCM can offer a needed framework for increasing the relevance and feasibility of ICT innovation and research in health care. Little is known ...

    • Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site, Nepal: 2012 follow-up survey and use of skilled birth attendants 

      Choulagai, Bishnu P; Aryal, Umesh R; Shrestha, Binjwala; Vaidya, Abhinav; Onta, Sharad; Petzold, Max; Krettek, Alexandra (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-21)
      Background: Estimates of disease burden in Nepal are based on cross-sectional studies that provide inadequate epidemiological information to support public health decisions. This study compares the health and demographic indicators at the end of 2012 in the Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site (JD-HDSS) with the baseline conducted at the end of 2010. We also report on the use of ...

    • Uterine prolapse and its impact on quality of life in the Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site, Bhaktapur, Nepal 

      Shrestha, Binjwala; Onta, Sharad; Choulagai, Bishnu; Paudel, Rajan; Petzold, Max; Krettek, Alexandra (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-10)
      Background: Uterine prolapse (UP) is a reproductive health problem and public health issue in low-income countries including Nepal. Objective: We aimed to identify the contributing factors and stages of UP and its impact on quality of life in the Jhaukhel–Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site of Bhaktapur, Nepal. Design: Our three-phase study used descriptive cross-sectional analysis ...

    • Hypomethylation of smoking-related genes is associated with future lung cancer in four prospective cohorts 

      Fasanelli, Francesca; Baglietto, Laura; Ponzi, Erica; Guida, Florence; Campanella, Gianluca; Johansson, Mattias; Grankvist, Kjell; Johansson, Mikael; Assumma, Manuela Bianca; Naccarati, Alessio; Chadeau-Hyam, Marc; Ala, Ugo; Faltus, Christian; Kaaks, Rudolf; Risch, Angela; De Stavola, Bianca; Hodge, Allison; Giles, Graham G.; Southey, Melissa C.; Relton, Caroline L.; Haycock, Philip C.; Lund, Eiliv; Polidoro, Silvia; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Severi, Gianluca; Vineis, Paolo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-15)
      DNA hypomethylation in certain genes is associated with tobacco exposure but it is unknown whether these methylation changes translate into increased lung cancer risk. In an epigenome-wide study of DNA from pre-diagnostic blood samples from 132 case–control pairs in the NOWAC cohort, we observe that the most significant associations with lung cancer risk are for cg05575921 in AHRR (OR for 1 s.d.=0.37, ...

    • Test–retest reliability of self-reported diabetes diagnosis in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study: A population-based longitudinal study (n = 33,919) 

      Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed; Lund, Eiliv; Braaten, Tonje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-21)
      Objective: Self-reported information from questionnaires is frequently used in epidemiological studies, but few of these studies provide information on the reproducibility of individual items contained in the questionnaire. We studied the test– retest reliability of self-reported diabetes among 33,919 participants in Norwegian Women and Cancer Study. Methods: The test–retest reliability of ...

    • Prevalence of self-reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk among indigenous Sami and non-Sami in Northern- and Mid-Norway - the SAMINOR study 

      Hansen, Ketil Lenert; Brustad, Magritt; Johnsen, Knut (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-17)
      Objective. The main purpose of this work was to identify the prevalence of self-reported stomach symptoms after consuming milk among Sami and non-Sami adults. Study design. A cross-sectional population-based study (the SAMINOR study). Data were collected by self-administrated questionnaires. Method. SAMINOR is a population-based study of health and living conditions conducted in 24 municipalities ...

    • Ethnic discrimination and health: the relationship between experienced ethnic discrimination and multiple health domains in Norway's rural Sami population 

      Hansen, Ketil Lenert (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-13)
      Objective. Self-reported ethnic discrimination has been associated with a range of health outcomes. This study builds on previous efforts to investigate the prevalence of self-reported ethnic discrimination in the indigenous (Sami) population, and how such discrimination may be associated with key health indicators. Study design. The study relies on data from the 2003/2004 (n=4,389) population-based ...

    • General practitioners’ altered preferences for private practice vs. salaried positions: a consequence of proposed policy regulations? 

      Holte, Jon Helgheim; Abelsen, Birgit; Halvorsen, Peder Andreas; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-25)
      Background: General practitioners (GPs) in most high-income countries have a history of being independent private providers with much autonomy. While GPs remain private providers, their autonomous position appears to be challenged by increased policy regulations. This paper examines the extent to which GPs’ preferences for private practice vs. salaried contracts changed in a period where a new ...