Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Nye registreringer

Viser treff 1441-1460 av 2031

    • A Mixed-Method Study on Correlates of HIV-Related Stigma Among Gay and Bisexual Men in the Southern United States 

      Berg, Rigmor; Carter, Dakota; Ross, Michael W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07)
      Societal prejudice against people living with HIV infection is a formidable public health challenge that can negatively impact health and well-being. We recruited a multiethnic sample of 129 gay and bisexual men living with HIV who completed a brief survey; a subset of participants completed semi-structured qualitative interviews to contextualize the data. In bivariate analyses, stigma was ...

    • Probability revision in general practice: the cases of occult blood in stool in patients with indigestion, and daily smoking in patients who cough 

      Holtedahl, Knut A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 1990)
      Prior calculation of the sex- and age-distributed positive predictive value (PPV) of a symptom in relation to a disease forms the basis for probability revision based on new information about signals observed during the medical encounter: a symptom, a sign, a piece of information based on the medical history, a laboratory test. Probability revision requires estimates of sensitivity and specificity ...

    • The relative importance of health, income and social relations for subjective well-being: An integrative analysis 

      Lamu, Admassu Nadew; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-28)
      There is much evidence that health, income and social relationships are important for our well-being, but little evidence on their relative importance. This study makes an integrative analysis of the relative influence of health related quality of life (HRQoL), household income and social relationships for subjective well-being (SWB), where SWB is measured by the first three of the five items on the ...

    • Yes, health is important, but as much for its importance via social life: The direct and indirect effects of health on subjective well‐being in chronically ill individuals 

      Lamu, Admassu Nadew; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-29)
      There is an increasing evidence that health‐related quality of life, income, and social relationships are important to our subjective well‐being (SWB). Little is known, however, about the specific indirect pathways that link health to SWB via social relationships and income. On the basis of a unique data set of 7 disease groups from 6 OECD‐countries (N = 6,173), we investigate the direct and indirect ...

    • Body size indicators and risk of gallbladder cancer: Pooled analysis of individual-level data from 19 prospective cohort studies 

      Campbell, Peter T.; Newton, Christina C.; Kitahara, Cari M.; Patel, Alpa V.; Hartge, Patricia; Koshiol, Jill; McGlynn, Katherine A.; Adami, Hans Olov; de González, Amy Berrington; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Bernstein, Leslie; Buring, Julie E.; Freedman, Neal D.; Gao, Yu-Tang; Giles, Graham G.; Gunter, Mark J.; Jenab, Mazda; Liao, Linda M.; Milne, Roger L.; Robien, Kim; Sandler, Dale P.; Schairer, Catherine; Sesso, Howard D.; Shu, Xiao-Ou; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Wolk, Alicja; Xiang, Yong-Bing; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne; Zheng, Wei; Gapstur, Susan M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-17)
      Background: There are few established risk factors for gallbladder cancer beyond gallstones. Recent studies suggest a higher risk with high body mass index (BMI), an indicator of general heaviness, but evidence from other body size measures is lacking. <br> Methods: Associations of adult BMI, young adult BMI, height, adult weight gain, waist circumference (WC), waist–height ratio (WHtR), hip ...

    • Associations between sun exposure and other lifestyle variables in Swedish women 

      Scragg, R; Sandin, S; Löf, M.; Adami, Hans Olov; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-14)
      Purpose: <br>Sun exposure is associated with risk of several chronic diseases including cancer. The study aim is to investigate whether sun behaviours are related to other lifestyle risk factors of cancer. <br> Methods: <br>We analysed data collected in 2003-2004 by self-completed questionnaire from 34,402 Swedish women aged 40-61 years, who comprised 70% of a cohort of originally recruited from ...

    • Coffee, tea and melanoma risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Caini, Saverio; Masala, Giovanna; Saieva, Calogero; Kvaskoff, Marina; Savoye, Isabelle; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Hemmingsson, Oskar; Hammer Bech, Bodil; Overvad, Kim; Tjønneland, Anne; Petersen, Kristina E.N.; Mancini, Francesca Romana; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Cervenka, Iris; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kühn, Tilman; Boeing, Heiner; Floegel, Anna; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Valanou, Elisavet; Kritikou, Maria; Tagliabue, Giovanna; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosario; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Peeters, Petra H.; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Ghiasvand, Reza; Lukic, Marko; Quirós, José Ramón; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Ardanaz, Eva; Salamanca Fernández, Elena; Larrañaga, Nerea; Zamora-Ros, Raul; Maria Nilsson, Lena; Ljuslinder, Ingrid; Jirström, Karin; Sonestedt, Emily; Key, Timothy J.; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Gunter, Marc; Huybrechts, Inge; Murphy, Neil; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Palli, Domenico (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-20)
      In vitro and animal studies suggest that bioactive constituents of coffee and tea may have anticarcinogenic effects against cutaneous melanoma; however, epidemiological evidence is limited to date. We examined the relationships between coffee (total, caffeinated or decaffeinated) and tea consumption and risk of melanoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). EPIC ...

    • Physical activity and risk of endometrial cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study 

      Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Braaten, Tonje; Jareid, Mie; Gavrilyuk, Oxana; Licaj, Idlir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-20)
      Few studies have investigated the association between endometrial cancer and physical activity (PA) using repeated measures of PA and different subtypes of endometrial cancer. We aimed to investigate the association between endometrial cancer and PA level at two points in time in women with different body mass index (BMI) profiles, and to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of ...

    • Azithromycin versus placebo for the treatment of HIV-associated chronic lung disease in children and adolescents (BREATHE trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial 

      Gonzalez-Martinez, Carmen; Kranzer, Katharina; McHugh, Grace; Corbett, Elizabeth L.; Mujuru, Hilda A.; Nicol, Mark P; Rowland-Jones, Sarah; Rehman, Andrea M.; Gutteberg, Tore Jarl; Flægstad, Trond; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Ferrand, Rashida (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-28)
      Background<br> Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related chronic lung disease (CLD) among children is associated with substantial morbidity, despite antiretroviral therapy. This may be a consequence of repeated respiratory tract infections and/or dysregulated immune activation that accompanies HIV infection. Macrolides have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, and we hypothesised that ...

    • Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 

      Gakidou, Emmanuela; Afshin, Ashkan; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdulle, Abdishakur M.; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Aboyans, Victor; Abu-Raddad, Laith J.; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E.; Abyu, Gebre Yitayih; Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Afarideh, Mohsen; Agrawal, Anurag; Agrawal, Sutapa; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akseer, Nadia; Alahdab, Fares; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore; Alam, Tahiya; Alasfoor, Deena; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amini, Erfan; Ammar, Walid; Amoako, Yaw Ampem; Ansari, Hossein; Anto, Josep M.; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Arian, Nicholas; Arnlov, Johan; Artaman, Al; Aryal, Krishna Kumar; Kisa, Adnan; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Vollset, Stein Emil; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Tollånes, Mette Christophersen; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Johansson, Lars, R. K. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-18)
      Background: <br> The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. <br> ...

    • Preference Weighting of Health State Values: What Difference Does It Make, and Why? 

      Lamu, Admassu Nadew; Gamst-Klaussen, Thor; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-23)
      Background:<br> Most patient-reported outcome measures apply a simple summary score to assess health-related quality of life, whereby equal weight is normally assigned to each item. In the generic preference-based instruments, utility weighting is essential whereby health state values are estimated through preference elicitation and complex algorithms. <br>Objectives:<br> To examine the extent ...

    • Effect of Smoking Behavior before and during Pregnancy on Selected Birth Outcomes among Singleton Full-Term Pregnancy: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Study 

      Kharkova, Olga Alexandrovna; Grjibovski, Andrej M; Krettek, Alexandra; Nieboer, Evert; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-02)
      The aim of our study was to assess associations between smoking behavior before and during pregnancy and selected adverse birth outcomes. This study is based on the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR). Our study includes women who delivered a singleton pregnancy after 37 weeks of gestation (N = 44,486). Smoking information was self-reported and assessed at the first antenatal visit during pregnancy. ...

    • Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 

      Vos, Theo; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdulle, Abdishakur M.; Abebo, Teshome Abuka; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Aboyans, Victor; Abu-Raddad, Laith J.; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adamu, Abdu Abdullahi; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Afarideh, Mohsen; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar; Aggarwal, Rakesh; Agrawal, Anurag; Agrawal, Sutapa; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Aiyar, Sneha; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akseer, Nadia; Al Lami, Faris Hasan; Alahdab, Fares; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore; Alam, Tahiya; Alasfoor, Deena; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Ali, Raghib; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Allen, Christine; Al-Maskari, Fatma; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alsharif, Ubai; Alsowaidi, Shirina; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amini, Erfan; Aryal, Krishna Kumar; Htet, Aung Soe; Kisa, Adnan; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Tollånes, Mette Christophersen; Skirbekk, Vegard Fykse; Steiner, Timothy J.; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Vollset, Stein Emil; Weiderpass, Elisabete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-14)
      BACKGROUND: As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 ...

    • Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and child overweight/obesity at 5-year follow-up: a prospective cohort study 

      Lauritzen, Hilde Brun; Larose, Tricia L; Øien, Torbjørn; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Odland, Jon Øyvind; van de Bor, Margot; Jacobsen, Geir W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-18)
      Background<br> Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), may influence offspring weight gain. More prospective epidemiological studies are needed to compliment the growing body of evidence from animal studies.<p> Methods<br> Serum from 412 pregnant Norwegian and Swedish women participating in a Scandinavian prospective cohort study were collected in 1986–88, and analyses of two ...

    • Do Cervical Cancer Patients Diagnosed with Opportunistic Screening Live Longer? An Arkhangelsk Cancer Registry Study 

      Roik, Elena Evgenievna; Nieboer, Evert; Kharkova, Olga Alexandrovna; Grjibovski, Andrej; Postoev, Vitaly Alexandrovich; Odland, Jon Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-26)
      The aim of the current study was to compare cervical cancer (СС) patients diagnosed with and without screening in terms of: (i) sociodemographic and clinical characteristics; (ii) factors associated with survival; and (iii), and levels of risk. A registry-based study was conducted using data from the Arkhangelsk Cancer Registry. It included women with newly diagnosed malignant neoplasm of the uterine ...

    • HPV types in cervical cancer tissue in South Africa: A head-to-head comparison by mRNA and DNA tests 

      Rad, Amir; Sørbye, Sveinung Wergeland; Dreyer, Greta; Hovland, Siri; Falang, Bente Marie; Louw, Melanie; Skjeldestad, Finn Egil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-01)
      <p>Accurate identification of human papillomavirus (HPV)-types in cervical cancer tissue may be important for tailoring tests for primary screening and types to be included in a vaccine. The aim of this study was to compare test-performance of a 45-type HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-test with a 9-type HPV messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-test in cervical cancer tissues. <p>In a case-series design ...

    • Abdominal symptoms in general practice: Frequency, cancer suspicions raised, and actions taken by GPs in six European countries. Cohort study with prospective registration of cancer 

      Holtedahl, Knut A.; Borgquist, Lars; Donker, Gé A.; Buntinx, Frank; Weller, David; Braaten, Tonje; Hjertholm, Peter; Månsson, Jörgen; Strandberg, Eva Lena; Campbell, Christine; Ellegaard, Lisbeth; Parajuli, Ranjan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06)
      Background<br> Abdominal symptoms are diagnostically challenging to general practitioners (GPs): although common, they may indicate cancer. In a prospective cohort of patients, we examined abdominal symptom frequency, initial diagnostic suspicion, and actions of GPs in response to abdominal symptoms.<p> Methods<br> Over a 10-day period, 493 GPs in Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium, the Netherlands, ...

    • The premenopausal breast cancer collaboration: A pooling project of studies participating in the national cancer institute cohort consortium 

      Nichols, Hazel B.; Schoemaker, Minouk J.; Wright, Lauren B.; McGowan, Craig; Brook, Mark N.; Mcclain, Kathleen M.; Jones, Michael E.; Adami, Hans Olov; Agnoli, Claudia; Baglietto, Laura; Bernstein, Leslie; Bertrand, Kimberly A.; Blot, William J.; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Butler, Lesley; Chen, Yu; Doody, Michele M.; Dossus, Laure; Eliassen, A. Heather; Giles, Graham G.; Gram, Inger Torhild; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hoffman-Bolton, Judy; Kaaks, Rudolf; Key, Timothy J.; Kirsh, Victoria A.; Kitahara, Cari M.; Koh, Woon-Puay; Larsson, Susanna C; Lund, Eiliv; Ma, Huiyan; Merritt, Melissa A.; Milne, Roger L.; Navarro, Carmen; Overvad, Kim; Ozasa, Kotaro; Palmer, Julie R.; Peeters, Petra H.; Riboli, Elio; Rohan, Thomas E.; Sadakane, Atsuko; Sund, Malin; Tamimi, Rulla M.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Vatten, Lars Johan; Visvanathan, Kala; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Willett, Walter C.; Wolk, Alicja; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne; Zheng, Wei; Sandler, Dale P.; Swerdlow, Anthony J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-09)
      Breast cancer is a leading cancer diagnosis among premenopausal women around the world. Unlike rates in postmenopausal women, incidence rates of advanced breast cancer have increased in recent decades for premenopausal women. Progress in identifying contributors to breast cancer risk among premenopausal women has been constrained by the limited numbers of premenopausal breast cancer cases in individual ...

    • Mediterranean diet and risk of pancreatic cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort 

      Molina-Montes, Esther; Sánchez, María-José; Buckland, Genevieve; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Amiano, Pilar; Wark, Petra A.; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena; Huerta, José María; Ardanaz, Eva; Quirós, José Ramón; Affret, Aurelie; His, Mathilde; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Peeters, Petra H.; Ye, Weimin; Sund, Malin; Boeing, Heiner; Iqbal, Khalid; Ohlsson, Bodil; Sonestedt, Emily; Tjønneland, Anne; Petersen, Kristina E.N.; Travis, Ruth C.; Skeie, Guri; Agnoli, Claudia; Panico, Salvatore; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Freisling, Heinz; Huybrechts, Inge; Overvad, Kim; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Bamia, Christina; Vasilopoulou, Effie; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Cross, Amanda J.; Ward, Heather A.; Riboli, Elio; Duell, Eric J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-07)
      Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been proposed as a means for cancer prevention, but little evidence has been accrued regarding its potential to prevent pancreatic cancer. We investigated the association between the adherence to the MD and pancreatic cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. <br>Methods: Over half a million ...

    • Prediagnostic circulating concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of lymphoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Appleby, Paul N.; Tipper, Sarah; Key, Timothy J.; Allen, Naomi E.; Nieters, Alexandra; Vermeulen, Roel; Roulland, Sandrine; Casabonne, Delphine; Kaaks, Rudolf; Fortner, Renée T.; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; La Vecchia, Carlo; Klinaki, Eleni; Hansen, Louise; Tjønneland, Anne; Bonnet, Fabrice; Fagherazzi, Guy; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Pala, Valeria; Masala, Giovanna; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Peeters, Petra H.; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Dorronsoro, Miren; Quirós, J. Ramón; Barricarte, Aurelio; Gavrila, Diana; Agudo, Antonio; Borgquist, Signe; Rosendahl, Ann H.; Melin, Beatrice; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Gunter, Marc; Riboli, Elio; Vineis, Paolo; Travis, Ruth C. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-27)
      Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I has cancer promoting activities. However, the hypothesis that circulating IGF-I concentration is related to risk of lymphoma overall or its subtypes has not been examined prospectively. IGF-I concentration was measured in pre-diagnostic plasma samples from a nested case–control study of 1,072 cases of lymphoid malignancies and 1,072 individually matched controls ...