Background:<br> Smoking is the most important individual risk factor for many cancer sites but its association with breast and prostate cancer is not entirely clear. Rate advancement periods (RAPs) may enhance communication of smoking related risk to the general population. Thus, we estimated RAPs for the association of smoking exposure (smoking status, time since smoking cessation, smoking ...

Background:<br>Measurement error in self-reported dietary intakes is known to bias the association between dietary intake and a health outcome of interest such as risk of a disease. The association can be distorted further by mismeasured confounders, leading to invalid results and conclusions. It is, however, difficult to adjust for the bias in the association when there is no internal validation ...

In this article, we explore relations between health, being, belonging and place through an interpretive thematic analysis of autobiographic text and photographs about the everyday lives of 10 women and men living with medically unexplained long-term fatigue in Norway. While interpreting their place-related illness experiences, we ask: How do they experience their being in the world, where do they ...

BACKGROUND<br> Epidemiological studies show that high circulating cystatin C is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), independent of creatinine-based renal function measurements. It is unclear whether this relationship is causal, arises from residual confounding, and/or is a consequence of reverse causation.<br> OBJECTIVES<br>The aim of this study was to use Mendelian randomization ...

Background:<br>To determine the shape of the associations of HbA1c with mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in non-diabetic individuals and explore potential explanations.<br> Methods:<br> The associations of HbA1c with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and primary cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction or stroke) were assessed in non-diabetic subjects ≥50 years from six ...

Background:<br> Obesity is positively associated with colorectal cancer. Recently, body size subtypes categorised by the prevalence of hyperinsulinaemia have been defined, and metabolically healthy overweight/obese individuals (without hyperinsulinaemia) have been suggested to be at lower risk of cardiovascular disease than their metabolically unhealthy (hyperinsulinaemic) overweight/obese counterparts. ...

Experimental and epidemiological data suggest that vitamin D play a role in pathogenesis and progression of cancer, but prospective data on head and neck cancer (HNC) and oesophagus cancer are limited. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study recruited 385,747 participants with blood samples between 1992 and 2000. This analysis includes 497 case-control pairs ...

Background:<br>Disruption of thyroid homeostasis has been indicated in human studies targeting effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Influence on the maternal thyroid system by POPs is of special interest during pregnancy because such effects could impair infant thyroid homeostasis.<br> Objectives:<br>We investigated the association between POPs and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ...

Bakgrunn:Hverdagsrehabilitering innføres som en ny arbeidsform i Norge. Hjemmerehabilitering blir utforsket i oppgaven. Hensikt : Forbedres funksjonen hos eldre over 65 år som mottar hjemmerehabilitering - vurdert ut fra aktiviteter i dagliglivet og ganghastighet? Inklusjonskriterie r: RCT, longitudinelle, kasus - kontroll studier samt systematiske litteraturstudier som inkluderte ...

One way to overcome the preventable, non-communicable diseases which is a challenge to public health is to facilitate a healthy diet with a sufficient nutritional value. In the Nordic regions great efforts have been made to focus on the health impacts of the dietary pattern, issuing guidelines for dietary composition and recommended intake of nutrients. These recommendations, The Nordic Nutrition ...