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norskInstitutt for samfunnsmedisin: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 361-380 av 2043
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Guidance on C-reactive protein point-of-care testing and complementary strategies to improve antibiotic prescribing for adults with lower respiratory tract infections in primary care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-30)The world faces the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance, and there is growing consensus that swift action must be taken to improve the rational use of antibiotics and increase the stewardship of antibiotics to safeguard this key resource in modern healthcare. This paper provides the perspective of an international group of experts on the role of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing ... -
Reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of renal cell carcinoma among women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-03)Background - Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is twice as common among men compared with women, and hormonal factors have been suggested to partially explain this difference. There is currently little evidence on the roles of reproductive and hormonal risk factors in RCC aetiology.<p> <p>Materials & Methods - We investigated associations of age at menarche and age at menopause, pregnancy-related factors, ... -
Dietary vitamin D intake and the bladder cancer risk: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-22)Background & aims - Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). Vitamin D is involved in various biological functions which have the potential to prevent BC development. Besides, vitamin D also influences the uptake of calcium and phosphorus, thereby possibly indirectly influencing the risk of BC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between vitamin ... -
“My cousin said to me ...” Patients’ use of 3rd-party references to facilitate shared decision-making during naturally occurring primary care consultations.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-30)In this paper, we explore the ways in which patients invoke third parties to gain decision-making influence in clinical consultations. The patients’ role in decision-making processes is often overlooked, and this interactional practice has rarely been systematically studied. Through a contextual narrative exploration of 42 naturally occurring consultations between patients (aged 22–84) and general ... -
Diet and lifestyle in relation to small intestinal cancer risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-18) -
Overall lifestyle changes in adulthood are associated with cancer incidence in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC) - a prospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-04-03)<p><i>Background:</i> Cancer is a leading cause of premature death worldwide and incidence is expected to rise in the coming decades. Many cohort studies, measuring lifestyle factors at one time-point, have observed that overall healthy lifestyles were inversely related to cancer incidence. However, there is little knowledge on the impact of lifestyle modification within adulthood. <p><i>Methods:</i> ... -
COVID-19: seroprevalence and adherence to preventive measures in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-03-15)Background - The published estimates of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Russia are few. The study aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Arkhangelsk (Northwest Russia), in a year after the start of the pandemic, to evaluate the population adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), and to investigate characteristics associated with COVID-19 seropositive status.<p> <p>Methods - ... -
Norske pasienter med tykktarmskreft kommer for seint i gang med tilleggsbehandling
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-12)BAKGRUNN - For pasienter med tykktarmskreft som ifølge nasjonale retningslinjer skal ha tilleggsbehandling med kjemoterapi, skal denne igangsettes innen 4 – 6 uker etter det kirurgiske inngrepet. Vi ønsket å undersøke om retningslinjene ble fulgt. Vi ønsket også å undersøke om hvorvidt type kirurgisk behandling (åpen eller laparoskopisk) hadde betydning for tid til oppstart av tilleggsbehandling.< ... -
PSA-måling og prostatakreft – overdiagnostisering og overbehandling?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-09-03)BAKGRUNN - PSA-testing og risiko for overdiagnostisering av prostatakreft har fått økende oppmerksomhet. Vi undersøker her hvordan antallet PSA-prøver har utviklet seg over tid i norske fylker og relaterer denne utviklingen til den fylkesvise kreftinsidensen samt ratene for prostatacancerkirurgi.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODE - Data for insidens, overlevelse og dødelighet ble innhentet fra offentlige ... -
Truar skilnadene i tilvisingsratar målet om likeverdige helsetenester?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-10-04)BAKGRUNN - Sogn og Fjordane fylke har i landsmålestokk, og serleg i høve til dei andre fylka i Helse Vest, hatt eit høgt forbruk av spesialisthelsetenester. Utover det at fylket har to små lokalsjukehus, har lite vore kjent som kunne forklare det høge forbruket, og serskilt ikkje om det eksisterer kontrastar i forbruk mellom kommunane i fylket.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODE - Med utgangspunkt i ... -
Progression and management of Prediabetes by socioeconomic status and health care consumption. The Tromsø Study 2007-2016
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-06-12)Background: Socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption are considered predictors of diabetes development and quality of blood glucose management. However, studies on the association between socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption in people with prediabetes and these outcomes are scarce. Objective: To examine the relationship between the development of diabetes in people with prediabetes ... -
The association between alcohol consumption and self-rated health among adult Norwegian women. A cross-sectional study from the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) cohort
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-31)Abstract Background: After 1985, the proportion of women who drink alcohol in Norway has increased, narrowing the gender gap in alcohol consumption. In Norway, more women now drink alcohol than before. There is little evidence of an association between alcohol consumption and self-rated health (SRH) in Norwegian women. Therefore, this study aimed at the association between alcohol consumption and ... -
Tying mobile health tools to the users’ needs – Motivational drivers
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-30)<p>Objective: The primary aim of this thesis is to contribute novel insights into the distinctive attributes of ICT systems, with a particular emphasis on features preferred by users in the realm of mobile health (mHealth) applications and devices. The study aimed at identifying motivational factors that enhance and sustain the usage and adaption of mHealth applications, wearables, and trackers among ... -
The effects of COVID-19 vaccination strategies on vaccine uptake in the Nordic Countries. A scoping review.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-06-05)1.1 Introduction The declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020 by WHO helped in organizing efforts against the disease, including the manufacture of numerous vaccines. WHO recommended that all countries should vaccinate over 70% of their citizens. However, vaccination coverage is a goal that faces a lot of challenges, including vaccination hesitancy among others. This scoping review addresses ... -
Forholdet mellom fysisk aktivitet og psykiske plager hos ungdomsskoleelever i Tromsø kommune. Resultater fra Ungdata
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-30)Økte psykiske plager hos ungdom over hele verden, samtidig med at mange ungdommer ikke oppfyller anbefalingene til helsemyndighetene. Forholdet mellom fysisk aktivitet og psykiske plager er ikke statistisk signifikant. Det er observert flere steder kjønnsforskjeller. -
The association between visceral fat and lifestyle factors in an adult population: The Tromsø Study 2015-2016.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-31)Introduction: Visceral fat (VAT) is the most metabolically, harmful type of body fat. It is in the abdomen and it surrounds organs like kidneys, pancreas and liver and is associated with higher risk for morbidity. VAT is accurately measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Due to the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, excessive VAT accumulation occurs; therefore, a healthy ... -
Innleggelser ved forverring av astma og kols
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012-08-07)Bakgrunn. Behandling av astma- og kolsforverringer bør ofte igangsettes raskt. Akuttinnleggelse i sykehus kan være nødvendig. Vi ønsket å kartlegge hva slags legekontakter pasientene hadde hatt og hva slags behandling de fikk før de ble innlagt med en slik forverring.<p> <p>Materiale og metode. Et spørreskjema ble delt ut til pasienter over 18 år som var innlagt for astma- eller kolsforverring ... -
Effect of telemedicine for patients with chronic kidney disease who perform dialysis at home: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-06-29)Introduction and background: The world’s population is getting older, and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) rises parallel with age. CKD is a major public health concern, characterised by poor health outcomes and a high economic burden for society as well as for the individual. With an aging population, there is an increasing need to organize healthcare services in alternative ways. ... -
The liminal landscape of mentoring - Stories of physicians becoming mentors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-14)<p><i>Introduction:</i> This study explores narratives of physicians negotiating liminality while becoming and being mentors for medical students. Liminality is the unstable phase of a learning trajectory in which one leaves behind one understanding but has yet to reach a new insight or position. <p><i>Methods:</i> In this study, we analysed semi-structural interviews of 22 physician mentors from ... -
Weight change desire and dietary habits among young females and males in Tromsø and Balsfjord: The Fit Future 2 Study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-18)It is not unusual for adolescents and young adults to have a desire to change their weight – either a desire to gain weight or reduce weight. Young men, on a general basis, want to increase their weight, while young women often want to decrease their weight. It is of concern that a larger number of both men and women with healthy weight wish to change their weight. In this thesis the aim was to ...
