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dc.contributor.authorMuilwijk, Morven
dc.contributor.authorHattermann, Tore
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Torge
dc.contributor.authorGranskog, Mats A.
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-11T09:36:05Z
dc.date.available2024-11-11T09:36:05Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-12
dc.description.abstractArctic sea ice mediates atmosphere-ocean momentum transfer, which drives upper ocean circulation. How Arctic Ocean surface stress and velocity respond to sea ice decline and changing winds under global warming is unclear. Here we show that state-of-the-art climate models consistently predict an increase in future (2015–2100) ocean surface stress in response to increased surface wind speed, declining sea ice area, and a weaker ice pack. While wind speeds increase most during fall (+2.2% per decade), surface stress rises most in winter (+5.1% per decade) being amplified by reduced internal ice stress. This is because, as sea ice concentration decreases in a warming climate, less energy is dissipated by the weaker ice pack, resulting in more momentum transfer to the ocean. The increased momentum transfer accelerates Arctic Ocean surface velocity (+31–47% by 2100), leading to elevated ocean kinetic energy and enhanced vertical mixing. The enhanced surface stress also increases the Beaufort Gyre Ekman convergence and freshwater content, impacting Arctic marine ecosystems and the downstream ocean circulation. The impacts of projected changes are profound, but different and simplified model formulations of atmosphere-ice-ocean momentum transfer introduce considerable uncertainty, highlighting the need for improved coupling in climate models.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMuilwijk, Hattermann, Martin, Granskog. Future sea ice weakening amplifies wind-driven trends in surface stress and Arctic Ocean spin-up. Nature Communications. 2024;15(1)en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2292138
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41467-024-50874-0
dc.identifier.issn2041-1723
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/35619
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen_US
dc.relation.journalNature Communications
dc.relation.projectIDEC/H2020: 101003826en_US
dc.relation.projectIDNorges forskningsråd: 314570en_US
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003826/Norway/Climate relevant interactions and feedbacks: the key role of sea ice and snow in the polar and global climate system/CRiceS/en_US
dc.relation.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/3149704
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2024 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleFuture sea ice weakening amplifies wind-driven trends in surface stress and Arctic Ocean spin-upen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)