Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorCho, Eo Rin
dc.contributor.authorBrill, IK
dc.contributor.authorGram, Inger Torhild
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Patrick E.
dc.contributor.authorJha, Prabhat
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-24T12:47:40Z
dc.date.available2025-02-24T12:47:40Z
dc.date.issued2024-02-08
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND - Smoking cessation reduces mortality and morbidity. However, the extent and rapidity at which cessation reduces contemporary death rates from smoking-related illnesses remain uncertain.<p> <p>METHODS - We pooled current or former versus never cigarette smoker hazard ratios from four national cohorts with linkage to death registries in the United States, United Kingdom, Norway, and Canada among adults 20 to 79 years of age from 1974 to 2018. We calculated excess risk differences and survival, comparing current or never smokers with age-specific cessation and cessation fewer than 3, 3 to 9, or 10 or more years earlier.<p> <p>RESULTS - Among 1.48 million adults followed for 15 years, 122,697 deaths occurred. Adjusting for age, education, alcohol use, and obesity, current smokers had higher hazard ratios for death compared with never smokers (2.8 for women, 2.7 for men). Survival between 40 and 79 years of age was 12 and 13 years less in women and men, respectively, who smoked compared with never smokers (about 24 to 26 years of life lost for smokers who died from smoking combined with zero loss for smokers who did not die from smoking). Former smokers showed lower hazard ratios (1.3 in both women and men). Short-term cessation for fewer than 3 years was associated with a lower excess risk of 95% in women and 90% in men younger than 40 years of age, with notable beneficial associations also in women and men 40 to 49 years of age (81% and 61%, respectively) and 50 to 59 years of age (63% and 54%, respectively). Cessation at every age was associated with longer survival, particularly cessation before 40 years of age. Among all ages and compared with continued smoking, cessation of fewer than 3 years potentially averted 5 years of life lost and cessation for 10 or more years averted about 10 years of life lost, yielding survival similar to that of never smokers.<p> <p>CONCLUSIONS - Quitting smoking at any age, but particularly in younger years, was associated with lower excess mortality overall and from vascular, respiratory, and neoplastic diseases. Beneficial associations were evident as early as 3 years after cessation. (Funded by Canadian Institutes of Health Research [FDN-154277].)en_US
dc.identifier.citationCho, Brill, Gram IT, Brown PE, Jha P. Smoking Cessation and Short- and Longer-Term Mortality. NEJM Evidence. 2024;3(3)en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2316232
dc.identifier.doi10.1056/EVIDoa2300272
dc.identifier.issn2766-5526
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/36559
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMassachusetts Medical Societyen_US
dc.relation.journalNEJM Evidence
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2024 The Author(s)en_US
dc.titleSmoking Cessation and Short- and Longer-Term Mortalityen_US
dc.type.versionacceptedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


File(s) in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following collection(s)

Show simple item record