• The association between anthropometric measures of adiposity and the progression of carotid atherosclerosis 

      Imahori, Yume; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Morgan, Katy E.; Frost, Chris; Hughes, Alun D.; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Johnsen, Stein Harald; Emaus, Nina; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-17)
      <i>Background</i> - Few reports are available on the contribution of general and abdominal obesity to the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in late adulthood. This study investigated the impact of four simple anthropometric measures of general and abdominal obesity on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis and the extent to which the association between adiposity and the progression of ...
    • Availability and Affordability of Medicines for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Pharmacies in Six Regions of the Russian Federation 

      Imaeva, Asiia E; Balanova, Yulia A; Kontsevaya, Anna V; Kapustina, Anna V; Duplyakov, Dmitry V.; Malysheva, Olga H; Osipova, Irina V.; Petrichko, Tatiana A; Kropanin, Georgiy I; Kasimov, Riza A; Leon, David Adrew; McKee, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      <i>Aim</i>: To evaluate the availability and affordability of medicines used to treat of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in several regions of the Russian Federation with different climatic, geographic, economic and demographic characteristics.<p> <p><i>Material and methods</i>: The study was conducted in 6 regional capitals, chosen to differ in geographically, economically, and demographically. ...
    • Disparities in length of life across developed countries: Measuring and decomposing changes over time within and between country groups 

      Timonin, Sergey; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Jasilionis, Domantas; Grigoriev, Pavel; Jdanov, Dmitri A.; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-11)
      Background. Over the past half century the global tendency for improvements in longevity has been uneven across countries. This has resulted in widening of inter-country disparities in life expectancy. Moreover, the pattern of divergence appears to be driven in part by processes at the level of country groupings defined in geopolitical terms. A systematic quantitative analysis of this phenomenon has ...
    • Effect of adiposity on differences in carotid plaque burden in studies conducted in Norway and Russia: a cross-sectional analysis of two populations at very different risk of cardiovascular mortality 

      Imahori, Yume; Frost, Chris; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Ryabikov, Andrey; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Malyutina, Sofia; Kornev, Michael; Hughes, Alun D; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-06)
      <i>Objectives</i> - Large differences exist in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) between Russia and Western European countries including Norway. Obesity prevalence may contribute to the differences. We investigated whether difference in the level of adiposity, assessed using body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR), could explain intercountry differences in the burden of carotid plaque, ...
    • Evidence for a direct harmful effect of alcohol on myocardial health: A large cross-sectional study of consumption patterns and cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers from northwest Russia, 2015 to 2017 

      Iakunchykova, Olena; Averina, Maria; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Wilsgaard, Tom; Soloviev, Andrey; Schirmer, Henrik; Cook, Sarah Anne; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-18)
      <i>Background</i> - Alcohol drinking is an increasingly recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, there are few studies of the impact of harmful and hazardous drinking on biomarkers of myocardial health. We conducted a study in Russia to investigate the impact of heavy drinking on biomarkers of cardiac damage and inflammation.<p><p> <i>Methods and Results</i> - The Know Your ...
    • Hospital stage of myocardial infarction treatment in 13 regions of Russian Federation by results of the international research 

      Kontsevaya, Anna V.; Bates, Katie; Goryachkin, Evgeny A.; Bobrova, Natalia; Syromiatnikova, Liudmila I.; Popova, Yulia V.; Platonov, Dmitry Yu.; Osipova, Irina V.; Nedbaikin, Andrei M.; Malorodova, Tatyana N.; Mirolyubova, Olga A.; Kryuchkov, Dmitry V.; Khaisheva, Larisa A.; Galyavich, Albert S.; Franz, Maria V.; Efanov, Alexey Yu.; Duplyakov, Dmitry V.; Drapkina, Oxana M.; Leon, David Adrew; McKee, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      <i>Aim</i>: To describe the characteristics of the patient with MI who is admitted to a hospital and to characterize the main diagnostic and treatment interventions in clinic.<p> <p><i>Material and methods</i>: This study is observational and the part of big international project. It includes a representative sample of patients with MI admitted to 16 clinics in 13 regions of Russian Federation ...
    • Know Your Heart: Rationale, design and conduct of a cross-sectional study of cardiovascular structure, function and risk factors in 4500 men and women aged 35-69 years from two Russian cities, 2015-18 

      Cook, Sarah; Malyutina, S; Kudryavtsev, Alexander; Averina, Maria; Bobrova, Natalia; Boytsov, S; Brage, S; Clark, TG; Diez Benavente, S; Eggen, Anne Elise; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Hughes, A; Johansen, Heidi; Kholmatova, Kamila; Kichigina, A; Kontsevaya, Anna; Kornev, M; Leong, D; Magnus, Per; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; McKee, M; Morgan, K; Nilssen, Odd-Ragnar; Plakhov, I; Quint, JK; Rapala, A; Ryabikov, A; Saburova, Lyudmila; Schirmer, Henrik; Shapkina, M; Shiekh, Suhail; Shkolnikov, VM; Stylidis, Michael; Voevoda, Mikhail; Westgate, Kate; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-04)
      Russia has one of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease in the world. The International Project on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia (IPCDR) was set up to understand the reasons for this. A substantial component of this study was the Know Your Heart Study devoted to characterising the nature and causes of cardiovascular disease in Russia by conducting large cross-sectional surveys in two Russian ...
    • The management of acute myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation: Protocol for a study of patient pathways [version 2; referees: 2 approved] 

      Kontsevaya, Anna V; Bobrova, Natalia; Barbarash, Olga; Duplyakov, Dmitry; Efanov, Alexey; Galyavich, Albert; Frants, Maria; Khaisheva, Larisa; Malorodova, Tatyana; Mirolyubova, Olga; Nedbaikin, Andrei; Osipova, Irina; Platonov, Dmitry; Posnenkova, OIga; Syromiatnikova, Liudmila; Bates, Katie; Leon, David Adrew; McKee, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-06)
      <i>Background</i>: Death rates from cardiovascular disease in Russia are among the highest in the world. In recent years, the Russian government has invested substantially in the healthcare system, with a particular focus on improving access to advanced technology, especially for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This protocol describes a study to understand the management of AMI in different Russian ...
    • Patterns in the relationship between life expectancy and gross domestic product in Russia in 2005-15: a cross-sectional analysis 

      Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Andreev, Evgeny M; Tursun-zade, Rustam; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-04)
      <i>Background</i> - Since 2005, Russia has made substantial progress, experiencing an almost doubling of per-capita gross domestic product by purchasing power parity (GDP [PPP]) to US$24 800 and witnessing a 6-year increase in life expectancy, reaching 71·4 years by 2015. Even greater gains in GDP (PPP) were seen for Moscow, the Russian capital, reaching $43 000 in 2015 and with a life expectancy ...
    • Pharmacological treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in Izhevsk, Russia 

      Cybulsky, Marta; Cook, Sarah; Kontsevaya, Anna V; Vasiljev, Maxim; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-03)
      Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Russia. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors for CVD that are modifiable by pharmacological treatment and life-style changes. We aimed to characterize the extent of the problem in a typical Russian city by examining the prevalence, treatment and control rates of hypertension and hyperlipidemia and ...
    • Primary care use and cardiovascular disease risk in Russian 40–69 year olds: a cross-sectional study 

      Petersen, Jakob; Kontsevaya, Anna V.; McKee, Martin; Richardson, E.; Cook, Sarah Anne; Malyutina, Sofia; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-04)
      <i>Background</i> - The Russian Federation has very high cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates compared with countries of similar economic development. This cross-sectional study compares the characteristics of CVD-free participants with and without recent primary care contact to ascertain their CVD risk and health status.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - A total of 2774 participants aged 40–69 ...
    • Seroprevalence of SARS-Cov-2 Antibodies in Adults, Arkhangelsk, Russia 

      Krieger, Ekaterina Anatoljevna; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Sharashova, Ekaterina; Postoev, Vitaly; Belova, Natalia; Shagrov, Leonid; Zvedina, Julia; Drapkina, Oxana; Kontsevaya, Anna; Shalnova, Svetlana; Brenn, Tormod; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Eggo, Rosalind M.; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02)
      Population-based data on coronavirus disease in Russia and on the immunogenicity of the Sputnik V vaccine are sparse. In a survey of 1,080 residents of Arkhangelsk 40–75 years of age, 65% were seropositive for IgG. Fifteen percent of participants had been vaccinated; of those, 97% were seropositive.
    • Socio-demographic, behavioural and psycho-social factors associated with depression in two Russian cities 

      Cook, Sarah; Saburova, Lyudmila; Bobrova, Natalia; Avdeeva, Ekaterina; Malyutina, Sofia; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-04)
      Background - Russia has a high burden of suicide and alcohol-attributable mortality. However there have been few studies of the epidemiology of depression.<p> <p>Methods - The study population was 5077 men and women aged 35-69 years from a cross-sectional population based survey in the cities of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk (2015-17). Moderate depression was defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ...
    • Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources 

      Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Churilova, Elena; Jdanov, Dmitrii; Shalnova, Svetlana A; Nilssen, Odd-Ragnar; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Cook, Sarah Anne; Malyutina, Sofia; McKee, Martin; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)
      <i>Background</i> - The study aims at identifying long-term trends and patterns of current smoking by age, gender, and education in Russia, including the most recent period from 2008 during which tobacco control policies were implemented, and to estimate the impact on mortality of any reductions in prevalence. We present an in-depth analysis based on an unprecedentedly large array of survey ...
    • Uncontrolled and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension: a cross-sectional study of Russian and Norwegian 40–69 year olds 

      Petersen, Jakob; Malyutina, Sofia; Ryabikov, Andrey; Kontsevaya, Anna; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Eggen, Anne Elise; McKee, Martin; Cook, Sarah Anne; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Schirmer, Henrik; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-13)
      <i>Background</i> - Uncontrolled hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor. We examined uncontrolled hypertension and differences in treatment regimens between a high-risk country, Russia, and low-risk Norway to gain better understanding of the underlying factors.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - Population-based survey data on 40–69 year olds with hypertension defined as taking antihypertensives ...
    • Untreated hypertension in Russian 35-69 year olds – a cross-sectional study 

      Petersen, Jakob; Kontsevaya, Anna V; McKee, Martin; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Malyutina, Sofia; Cook, Sarah Anne; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-29)
      <i>Background</i> - The Russian Federation has among the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the world and a high rate of untreated hypertension remains an important risk factor. Understanding who is at greatest risk is important to inform approaches to primary prevention.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - 2,353 hypertensive 35–69 year olds were selected from a population-based study, Know Your ...
    • What on-line searches tell us about public interest and potential impact on behaviour in response to minimum unit pricing of alcohol in Scotland 

      Leon, David Adrew; Yom-Tov, Elad; Johnson, Anne M.; Petticrew, Mark; Williamson, Elizabeth; Lampos, Vasileios; Cox, Ingemar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-04)
      Aims - To investigate whether the introduction of minimum unit pricing (MUP) in Scotland on 1 May 2018 was reflected in changes in the likelihood of alcohol-related queries submitted to an internet search engine, and in particular whether there was any evidence of increased interest in purchasing of alcohol from outside Scotland.<p> <p>Design - Observational study in which individual queries to ...
    • Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage 

      Iakunchykova, Olena; Averina, Maria; Wilsgaard, Tom; Watkins, Hugh; Malyutina, Sofia; Ragino, Yulia; Keogh, Ruth; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Govorun, Vadim; Cook, Sarah Anne; Schirmer, Henrik; Eggen, Anne Elise; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-15)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Russia has one of the highest rates of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). At age 35–69 years, they are eight times higher than in neighbouring Norway. Comparing profiles of blood-based CVD biomarkers between these two populations can help identify reasons for this substantial difference in risk. <p><i>Methods - </i>We compared age-standardised mean levels of CVD ...