Browsing Institutt for psykologi by Title

Now showing items 29-48 of 817

    • Are Personality Traits Related to how Healthy Adults Adjust Their Decision-Making Strategies Under Varying Levels of Reward and Loss Controllability? 

      Angen, Caroline Alexandra Grant (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-16)
      Abstract Research suggests a dual-system theory of motivation on decision-making in humans, consisting of the Pavlovian and the Instrumental systems. These systems influence how we respond to environmental threats and rewards either in an automatic or in a more deliberate manner, and their interaction can either optimize or hinder decision-making. Importantly, humans seem to rely more heavily on ...

    • Are psychotic experiences related to poorer reflective reasoning? 

      Mækelæ, Martin Jensen; Moritz, Steffen; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-12)
      <p><i>Background</i>: Cognitive biases play an important role in the formation and maintenance of delusions. These biases are indicators of a weak reflective mind, or reduced engaging in reflective and deliberate reasoning. In three experiments, we tested whether a bias to accept non-sense statements as profound, treat metaphorical statements as literal, and suppress intuitive responses is related ...

    • Are there Gender Differences in Pain and Placebo Analgesia? 

      Harviken, Ida Elisabeth (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-05-02)
      Abstrakt Formål: Å undersøke om menn viser høyere placebo responser enn kvinner, og om dette kan forklares av kjønnsforskjeller i smertefrykt. Høyere grad av smertefrykt ble foreslått å være høyest blant kvinner, noe som antas å redusere deres placebo respons. Videre ble det undersøkt om kjønnet på eksperimentator kunne påvirke deltagernes smerterapport. Metode:96 friske deltagere (51 kvinner) ble ...

    • Assessing a Sensory-Motor-Cognition Triad in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment With Dichotic Listening While Walking: A Dual-Task Paradigm 

      Gorecka, Marta Maria; Vasylenko, Olena; Waterloo, Knut; Rodriguez-Aranda, Claudia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-12)
      A contemporary topic in aging research relates to the significance of cognitive changes proper to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to higher risk of falls and gait deteriorations. The present study addresses this question in the amnestic type of MCI (aMCI) by examining a triad of interrelated comorbidities occurring in the MCI condition: attentional impairments, hearing loss and gait disturbances. ...

    • Assessment of bacteria gene expression changes in host oral microbiome during stress.A pilot study 

      Kaurin, Sunniva (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-11-01)
      The key objective of this study was to assess changes in the oral microbiome in relation to acute stress. Saliva samples were collected to analyze stress hormones and bacterial transcriptomic profiles. The participants underwent a socially evaluative cold pressor task (SECPT), reliably activating the HPA axis and eliciting pain and physiological responses in the participants, respectively (Skoluda ...

    • Assessment of mental health trajectories before and after myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation or stroke: analysis of a cohort study in Tromsø, Norway (Tromsø Study, 1994-2016) 

      Lorem, Geir F; Opdal, Ida Marie; Wilsgaard, Tom; Schirmer, Henrik; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Olsen, Ingrid Petrikke; Steigen, Terje; Rognmo, Kamilla (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-01)
      Objectives - The increased survival rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) implies a higher proportion of individuals who live with CVD. Using data from the Tromsø Study, we aimed to investigate mental health symptom trajectories before and after myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation or stroke in a general population and to explore factors that contribute to the association.<p> <p>Design - ...

    • Assessment of sexual behavior in rats: the potentials and pitfalls 

      Heijkoop, Roy; Huijgens, Patty Thalia; Snoeren, Eelke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-27)
      In the field of behavioral neuroscience, it is essential to use the appropriate animal models for the topic of investigation. Using the wrong model can result in false interpretation of the results. In this review we will discuss the animal models used to study sexual behavior, with a focus on rats. We will discuss the potentials and pitfalls of the different paradigms and try to make recommendations ...

    • The association between dexterity and cognitive functioning in healthy elderly: A kinematic analysis 

      Eriksen, Mari Lise (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-11-08)
      Aging has a degenerative effect on hand function and cognition. After the age of 65, most healthy elders experience sensorimotor changes and cognitive declines of various kinds which can make activities of everyday life a challenge. To our knowledge, few studies have investigated the possible interplay between cognitive function and dexterity in the elderly. The purpose of the present study was to ...

    • Association of Klotho protein levels and KL-VS heterozygosity with Alzheimer disease and amyloid and tau burden 

      Grøntvedt, Gøril Rolfseng; Sando, Sigrid Botne; Lauridsen, Camilla; Bråthen, Geir; White, Linda Rosemary; Salvesen, Øyvind; Aarsland, Dag; Hessen, Erik; Fladby, Tormod; Waterloo, Knut K; Scheffler, Katja (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-22)
      Importance Identification of proteins and genetic factors that reduce Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology is of importance when searching for novel AD treatments. Heterozygosity of the KL-VS haplotype has been associated with reduced amyloid and tau burden. Whether this association is mediated by the Klotho protein remains unclear. Objectives To assess concentrations of Klotho in cerebrospinal ...

    • Association of white matter integrity and gait speed during dual-tasking among community-dwelling elderly adults 

      Castro Chavira, Susana Angelica; Vangberg, Torgil Riise; Gorecka, Marta Maria; Vasylenko, Olena; Waterloo, Knut; Rodriguez-Aranda, Claudia (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2017)

    • Association-based Concealed Information Test: A Novel Reaction Time-Based Deception Detection Method 

      Lukacs, Gaspar; Bartosz, Gula; Szegedi-Hallgato, Emese; Csifcsak, Gabor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-07-15)
      In recent years, numerous studies were published on the reaction time (RT)-based Concealed Information Test (CIT). However, an important limitation of the CIT is the reliance on the recognition of the probe item, and therefore the limited applicability when an innocent person is aware of this item. In the present paper, we introduce an RT-based CIT that is based on item-category associations: ...

    • Associations between self-compassion and complicated grief symptoms in bereaved individuals: An exploratory study 

      Vara, Helge; Thimm, Jens (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-08)
      Grief is a normal and natural response to the loss of a loved one that is characterized by a broad range of emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and physiological symptoms. For most bereaved, these symptoms abate over time as the individual comes to terms with the loss. However, about 10% of the bereaved experience a persistent and debilitating grief reaction, a condition that has been termed complicated ...

    • Associations between stressful life events in childhood/adolescence and adulthood: results from the 7th Tromsø survey 

      Thimm, Jens; Rognmo, Kamilla; Nermo, Hege; Johnsen, Jan-Are Kolset; Skre, Ingunn Berta Gjerdåker; Wang, Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-26)
      Background: Exposure to highly stressful life events (SLEs), such as accidents, violence, or serious illness, is common. With the accumulation of SLEs, the risk of detrimental somatic and mental health outcomes increases. To understand patterns of SLE exposure, research into the associations between SLEs is needed.<p> <p>Method: The sample comprised 21,069 participants of the population-based ...

    • Assosiasjon mellom lungefunksjon og kognitive evner hos friske ungdommer 

      Wahlmann, Trond Asbjørn Eriksen; Henriksen, Eva (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-05-02)
      Sammendrag En rekke studier har rapportert en assossiasjon mellom pustemekanismer og kognitiv funksjon hos voksne og eldre. Hvorvidt denne sammenhengen også gjelder for yngre individ er ennå ikke fullt utforsket. Vi ville med denne studien undersøke dette nærmere, ved å sammenligne en tenåringsgruppe med en ung voksen gruppe. Vi har brukt ulike lungemål for å se om de var relatert til kognitive ...

    • Assosiasjoner mellom individuelle- og livsstilsfaktorer og kognitiv funksjon hos friske eldre 

      Berger, Siri; Johansen, Margrethe Hagen (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-12-14)
      Hensikten med denne studien var å undersøke om det er en assosiasjon mellom ulike individuelle- og livsstilsfaktorer og kognitiv funksjon hos friske eldre. Antallet eldre i verden og i Norge har økt drastisk de siste årene, og det predikeres at dette vil fortsette å øke. Aldring er assosiert med en rekke kognitive endringer og svekkelser, samt økt risiko for sykdommen demens. Det finnes ingen ...

    • Attitudes of mental health providers towards adoption of evidence-based interventions: relationship to work-place, staff roles and social and psychological factors at work 

      Rye, Marte; Friborg, Oddgeir; Skre, Ingunn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-08)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Gaining insight into factors influencing the adoption of evidence-based interventions (EBI) is essential to ensuring their sustainability in the mental healthcare setting. This article describes 1) differences between professional staff roles in attitudes towards EBI and 2) individual and organizational predictors of attitudes towards adopting EBI. <p><i>Methods - </i>The ...

    • Attitudes towards mathematics, achievement, and drop-out intentions among STEM and Non-STEM students in Norway 

      Óturai, Gabriella; Riener, Cordian; Martiny, Sarah (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-22)
      High mathematical ability is central in many domains. In the present study, we investigated relations between students’ high school mathematics background and current study program, and various mathematics-related outcomes. We expected that students who had attended higher-level mathematics courses in high school would report more positive attitudes towards mathematics and higher achievement in ...

    • Attitudes Towards the Use of Routine Outcome Monitoring of Psychological Therapies Among Mental Health Providers: The EBPAS–ROM 

      Rye, Marte; Rognmo, Kamilla; Aarons, Gregory A.; Skre, Ingunn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-28)
      Implementation of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) in mental health care is progressing slowly. Knowledge about factors influencing ROM implementation, including health providers’ attitudes towards ROM, is necessary. Based on a survey of 662 psychologists and nurses, this article describes (1) the development of a short instrument measuring provider attitudes towards ROM, derived from the Evidence-based ...

    • Autonomous or controlled self-regulation, that is the question: A self-determination perspective on the impact of commuting on employees’ domain-specific functioning 

      Gerpott, Fabiola H.; Rivkin, Wladislaw; Unger, Dana (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-01)
      The few studies that have considered psychological processes during the commute have drawn an ambiguous picture, with some emphasizing the negative and others the positive consequences of commuting. Drawing on self-determination theory, we develop a framework that expands on the costs and benefits of commuting for employees’ subsequent domain-related functioning at work and home. Specifically, we ...

    • AvaLife—A New Multi-Disciplinary Approach Supported by Accident and Field Test Data to Optimize Survival Chances in Rescue and First Aid of Avalanche Patients 

      Genswein, Manuel; Macias, Darryl; McIntosh, Scott; Reiweger, Ingrid; Hetland, Audun; Paal, Peter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-26)
      Snow sports in the backcountry have seen a steep increase in popularity, and therefore preparedness for efficient companion and organized rescue is important. While technical rescue skills are widely taught, there is a lack of knowledge regarding first aid for avalanche patients. The stressful and time-critical situation for first responders requires a rule-based decision support tool. AvaLife ...