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Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation for treating depression: A modeling study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-28)
<p><i>Background</i>:
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) above the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) has been widely used to improve symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the effects of different stimulation protocols in the entire frontal lobe have not been investigated in a large sample including patient data.</p>
<p><i>Methods</i>:
We used 38 head ...
Data from ‘Placebo Enhances Reward Learning in Healthy Individuals’
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-20)
This dataset contains three repeated measures of a standard reward-based reinforcement-learning task from 29 healthy male individuals who participated in three experimental sessions exploring cognitive placebo effects on reward learning. The dataset includes behavioural data (accuracy, reaction times) during learning and transfer, estimates of model-free computational analysis, self-reported arousal ...
Modeling distracted performance
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-23)
The sustained attention to response task (SART) has been the primary method of studying the phenomenon of mind wandering. We develop and experimentally test the first integrated cognitive process model that quantitatively explains all stationary features of behavioral performance in the SART. The model assumes that performance is generated by a competitive race between a stimulus-related decision ...
Blinding is compromised for transcranial direct current stimulation at 1 mA for 20 min in young healthy adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-19)
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non‐invasive brain stimulation method that is frequently used to study cortical excitability changes and their impact on cognitive functions in humans. While most stimulators are capable of operating in double‐blind mode, the amount of discomfort experienced during tDCS may break blinding. Therefore, specifically designed sham stimulation protocols ...
A Neural Model of Mind Wandering
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-25)
The role of the default-mode network (DMN) in the emergence of mind wandering and task-unrelated thought has been studied extensively. In parallel work, mind wandering has been associated with neuromodulation via the locus coeruleus (LC) norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. Here we propose a neural model that links the two systems in an integrative framework. The model attempts to explain how dynamic ...
On the efficiency of neurally-informed cognitive models to identify latent cognitive states
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-25)
Psychological theory is advanced through empirical tests of predictions derived from quantitative cognitive models. As cognitive models are developed and extended, they tend to increase in complexity–leading to more precise predictions–which places concomitant demands on the behavioral data used to discriminate between candidate theories. To aid discrimination between cognitive models and, more ...
Response-Retrieval in Identity Negative Priming is Modulated by Temporal Discriminability
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)
Reaction times to previously ignored information are often delayed, a phenomenon referred to as negative priming (NP). Rothermund et al. (2005) proposed that NP is caused by the retrieval of incidental stimulus-response associations when consecutive displays share visual features but require different responses. In two experiments we examined whether the features (color, shape) that reappear in ...
Placebo Intervention Enhances Reward Learning in Healthy Individuals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-23)
According to the placebo-reward hypothesis, placebo is a reward-anticipation process that increases
midbrain dopamine (DA) levels. Reward-based learning processes, such as reinforcement learning,
involves a large part of the DA-ergic network that is also activated by the placebo intervention. Given
the neurochemical overlap between placebo and reward learning, we investigated whether verbal ...
Skiing and thinking about it: Moment-to-moment and retrospective analysis of emotions in an extreme sport
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-20)
Happiness is typically reported as an important reason for participating in challenging
activities like extreme sport. While in the middle of the activity, however, participants
do not seem particularly happy. So where does the happiness come from? The
article proposes some answers from a study of facially expressed emotions measured
moment-by-moment during a backcountry skiing event. Self-reported ...
Toward a model-based cognitive neuroscience of mind wandering
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-03)
People often ‘‘mind wander” during everyday
tasks, temporarily losing track of time, place, or current task
goals. In laboratory-based tasks, mind wandering is often
associated with performance decrements in behavioral
variables and changes in neural recordings. Such empirical
associations provide descriptive accounts of mind
wandering – howit affects ongoing task performance – but fail
to ...