• Code-switching alone cannot explain intraspeaker syntactic variability: Evidence from a spoken elicitation experiment 

      Lundquist, Bjørn; Westendorp, Maud; Strand, Bror-Magnus S. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-16)
      We address the question whether speakers activate different grammars when they encounter linguistic input from different registers, here written standardised language and spoken dialect. This question feeds into the larger theoretical and empirical question if variable syntactic patterns should be modelled as switching between different registers/grammars, or as underspecified mappings from form to ...
    • New methodologies in the Nordic Syntax Database: word order variation in Norwegian wh-questions 

      Westendorp, Maud (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-31)
      Across Norwegian dialects, <i>wh</i>-questions show variation concerning word order possibilities, with many dialects allowing non-V2 word order. The acceptance of this order differs across dialects and depends on the complexity and function of the <i>wh</i>-element. This study examines data from 409 informants across 105 sites in the Nordic Syntax Database (NSD). Throughout the study, new ...
    • Nordic Word Order Database: Motivations, methods, material and infrastructure 

      Lundquist, Bjørn; Larsson, Ida; Westendorp, Maud; Tengesdal, Eirik; Nøklestad, Anders (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-19)
      In this article, we present the Nordic Word Order Database (NWD), with a focus on the rationale behind it, the methods used in data elicitation, data analysis and the empirical scope of the database. NWD is an online database with a user-friendly search interface, hosted by The Text Laboratory at the University of Oslo, launched in April 2019 (https://tekstlab.uio.no/nwd). It contains elicited ...
    • Tverrspråklig innflytelse fra L1 i tilegnelsen av argumentplassering i L2 norsk og svensk 

      Westendorp, Maud; Lundquist, Bjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-02)
      Plasseringen av subjekt og objekt i norsk og svensk avhenger av mange ulike faktorer. Det har tidligere blitt vist at andrespråkstalere i grammatikalitetsvurderinger ikke er sensitive til finkornete distinksjoner som er avgjørende for argumentplassering i norsk (Anderssen mfl. 2018). I denne artikkelen presenterer vi resultat fra tre eksperiment som tester plassering av subjekt og objekt hos ...
    • Variable verb second in Norwegian main and embedded clauses 

      Westendorp, Maud (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-17)
      Norwegian has verb second (V2) word order in main but not embedded clauses. Although as a first approximation V2 is a phenomenon characteristic of root clauses, it has long been known that it occurs also in a restricted set of embedded clauses in Norwegian, as in many, if not all, of the other North Germanic languages. Many Norwegian dialects in addition allow deviations from the standard V2 word ...
    • Verb placement in embedded sentences in Faroese 

      Westendorp, Maud (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-25)
      In this article, I present data from the Nordic Word order Database (NWD) on word order in Faroese embedded clauses. I discuss the methods used in the data elicitation, data analysis, and present a first overview of the patterns in the dataset. The NWD contains a total of 4,752 embedded clauses elicited from 33 native Faroese speakers, focussing on embedded <i>wh</i>-questions, and the placement of ...
    • Verb placement variation in Swedish and Danish 

      Westendorp, Maud (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-17)
      This article gives a summary of the Swedish and Danish data on verb placement in the Nordic Word order Database (NWD; Lundquist et al. 2019). The data were collected using an elicited production paradigm. I discuss variation in verb placement in Danish in four constructions: in embedded clauses with respect to adverbs (embedded V2), in main clauses with respect to preverbal and sentence-medial ...