Animal migration is a fascinating natural phenomenon where large numbers of animals embark on long-distance journeys, seeking out favorable environmental conditions and prey throughout the annual cycle. In this thesis, a range of techniques was used to fill major knowledge gaps in humpback whale (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>) movement patterns and migration ecology in the North Atlantic Ocean. ...

Health is an essential component of human capital, and health inequalities are a major issue. While substantial research on the intergenerational transmission of health and health behaviors has been conducted, the questions whether and how grandparents’ health affects grandchildren remain underinvestigated. This thesis aims to better understand health inequality mechanisms by analyzing multigenerational ...

Lingonberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub abundant and is a food traditionally regarded as a staple of Nordic diets. There is limited commercial harvest of these readily available berries. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to investigate how the composition Norwegian lingonberries vary and investigate how the composition of the lingonberries is affected by abiotic and biotic growth conditions. ...

This thesis describes the seasonality of the mesozooplankton community in Ramfjord, a shallow high-latitude fjord, in terms of diversity and behavior, using a combination of new and traditional methods. The approach aimed to gain insight into how environmental drivers such as photoperiod and food availability shape seasonal changes in mesozooplankton community structure and <i>Calanus</i> spp. ...

Small copepods (≤ 2 mm) are highly abundant mesozooplankton in Arctic and sub-Arctic marine ecosystems. However, small copepods are generally underestimated in zooplankton studies because of the use of large-meshed nets (≥ 180-µm mesh size) and are relatively poorly studied compared to large copepods. This thesis investigates the egg hatching rates, population dynamics and production rates of three ...

<p>This thesis is motivated by the need to involve sustainability in the oil and gas industry. This thesis focuses on the sustainable transition in Equinor, the Norwegian oil and gas company. It looks, particularly, at a large established oil and gas company undergoing a sustainable change and how it performs its transition into sustainability. However, this transition poses challenges to a large ...

This thesis examines efficiency in the retail industry in two different directions. In the first setting, the link between inventory efficiency and performance is examined in relation to firm characteristics and exogenous explanatory variables. More specifically, in addition to general firm-specific characteristics, the effects of chain affiliation and time trends within retail chains is examined. ...

<p>Bottom trawl fisheries have great social and economic importance for coastal communities in the Basque Country. However, the activity of the demersal trawl fishery in the Bay of Biscay, which includes the coastline of the Basque country, can be compromised due to its multispecies nature, high proportion of unwanted species in the catch, and the increasingly strict legislation implemented aiming ...

<p>The European Arctic is characterized by large surface areas of coastal seas and long coastlines where important ecosystem processes are regulated by marine microbiomes that contribute to global carbon cycling via primary productivity and atmospheric CO₂ drawdown. In addition to biogeochemical cycling, these complex microbial ecosystems also support major marine food webs and lend ...

Planktonic early life stages of marine benthic invertebrates play an important role in dispersal and at times represent a substantial proportion of the zooplankton. Information about the larval communities present on the Arctic inflow shelves of the Barents and Chukchi Seas, however, is incomplete and limited because of infrequent sampling and low resolution of identification. The aims of the work ...