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norskDoktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Nye registreringer
Viser treff 141-160 av 761
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Providing a short and effective transdiagnostic treatment intervention and a valid outcome measure for adolescent with anxiety and depression. A randomized controlled trial of the SMART intervention and validation of the CORE-OM in adolescents aged 14 to 17
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-15)Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent mental health problems among children and adolescents, and the consequences can be harmful if they are left untreated. Providing short and effective treatment for this group is paramount. When this effectiveness study of The Structured Material for Therapy (SMART) was conducted, it was the first Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of short-term transdiagnostic ... -
Optimising drug therapy in older patients. Exploring different approaches across the patient pathway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-14)<p><i>Background -</i> Drug therapy contributes to healthy aging but has a key duality: It prolongs and can improve quality of life, but drugs can also cause serious harm. Harm from drugs include falls, cognitive decline, lowered quality of life, hospitalisation, and death. Older patients are especially at risk for harm from drug therapy, therefore optimising drug therapy is imperative for this ... -
Family care strategies in an unpredictable ICU environment. ICU nurses’ and physicians’ interprofessional and individual strategies for critically ill ICU patients’ families – a qualitative study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-13)<p><i>Background:</i> Critical illness not only disrupts the patient’s life, but also the lives of close family members. The care provided by ICU nurses and physicians can reduce the family members’ burden and improve the patient's outcome. Previous research shows that although ICU families generally report high satisfaction, there are several barriers to family care and areas for improvement. Family ... -
Falsifiable Network Models. A Network-based Approach to Predict Treatment Efficacy in Ulcerative Colitis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-09)This work is focused on understanding the treatment efficacy of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) using a network-based approach. UC is one of two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) along with Crohn’s disease. UC is a debilitating condition characterized by chronic inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum. UC symptoms occur gradually rather than abruptly, and the degree of ... -
Some systemic markers of inflammation in older adults with psychiatric disorders
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-02)Research has demonstrated that inflammation is a central part of several psychiatric disorders, of which depression in the most researched condition. Most studies have, however, been conducted on younger adults, and studies on elderly are scarce. This thesis explores the possible association between systemic markers of inflammation and characteristics of older psychiatric patients. In study I, ... -
Understanding the development of information literacy in higher education: Knowing, doing, and feeling
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-25)Information literacy (IL) is the ability to recognize when information is needed and to find, evaluate, and effectively use this information. The aim of this doctoral research was to study the development of IL in undergraduates over three years, including their knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and the relationships among the three. Mixed methods were employed to better understand the totality of ... -
Hip fractures in Norway – Inequity in treatment and outcomes
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-11)Målet med forskningsprosjektet var å belyse variasjon i behandling og utfall etter hoftebrudd i Norge, kartlegge forklaringer på og konsekvensene av variasjon, vurdere risikofaktorer for død etter hoftebrudd og deres relative betydning. I tillegg ønsket man å vurdere overlevelsesmønsteret og estimere varigheten av overdødelighet etter hoftebrudd. Prosjektet var en observasjonsstudie ... -
Advanced topical delivery systems for membrane-active antimicrobials. Exploring nature to improve antimicrobial wound therapy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-11)Currently, approximately 2% of the general population will experience at least one chronic wound throughout their lifetime. The numbers are expected to rise due to an aging population with a heightened disease burden. These wounds are major burdens for the patients; therefore, we need to find innovative approaches for bacterial eradication and improved wound treatment. We aimed to utilize nature’s ... -
Health anxiety as a continuous construct in the general population - measuring the distribution of health anxiety and the associations with healthcare use, physical disease and cardiovascular risk factors
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-07)<p><i>Background:</i> Health anxiety (HA) concerns worry of disease, and has mostly been examined in people with severe HA/hypochondriasis. However, HA can be conceptualised as a continuous construct, with levels ranging from low to severe. There is little knowledge on the distribution of HA as a continuous construct in the general population, nor the association between different levels of HA and ... -
The impact of socioeconomic status on the risk and prognosis of venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-04)Venøs tromboembolisme (VTE), bestående av dyp venetrombose (DVT) og lungeemboli (PE), er en utbredt og multifaktoriell sykdom med langtidskomplikasjoner som negativt påvirker fysisk funksjon og livskvalitet. Sosioøkonomisk status (SES) er kjent for å påvirke både risiko og prognose for helsemessige og helserelaterte utfall. Selv om assosiasjoner mellom VTE og fysisk helse er godt dokumentert, finnes ... -
Exploring patient safety in rural general practice - a mixed-methods approach
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-11-08)<p>Unsafe medical practices and incidents where safety hazards cause harm to patients occur daily in general practice. The costs to society, health care personnel and individual patients are substantial and deserve attention. “Hazards” can be regarded as local error-producing factors, latent failures, which create conditions for unsafe medical practice to take place. “Harm” occurs when these conditions ... -
The Regulation of Steroid Receptor Co-activator-3 Activity by p38MAPK-MK2 Signaling Pathway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-10-14)Steroid receptor co-activator-3 (SRC-3) is a co-activator that plays important roles in normal physiology and different diseases including cancer. Its activity is regulated by phosphorylation. Serine 857 (S857) is the most frequently reported phosphorylation site of SRC-3. In this work, we examined several kinases that could phosphorylate SRC-3 at S857 and explored the functional outcome incurred ... -
Epithelial ovarian cancer. Population-based cohort studies. The NOWAC Study and Postgenome biobank
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-10-19)Important gaps in population-based epidemiological research on ovarian cancer include understanding how risk factors relate to cancer subtypes and anatomical sites, identifying safe and effective preventive measures, and getting a more detailed picture of the continuum of events during ovarian carcinogenesis. This thesis used prospective exposure information from the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) ... -
Interpersonal competence in challenging encounters: Towards a paradigm shift in human services - Creating conditions for professional development through action research and trauma-informed restorative practice
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-10-04)Helse- og sosialarbeidere, i private og offentlige arbeids- og velferdstjenester, har daglig kontakt med mennesker som har traumeerfaringer og sammensatte behov. Kommunikasjonen kan være følelsesmessig utfordrende og mange fagpersoner opplever dårlig tid, utrygghet og stress i arbeidet. Utrygghet og stress øker konfliktnivået og har en negativ effekt på fagpersoners velvære, holdninger til tjenestebrukere ... -
Clinical characteristics, mortality and pain tolerance in stable versus acute presentation of coronary heart disease
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-09-30)<p>Despite immense progress in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease, several challenges remain. In more than half of patients referred to coronary angiography for stable and unstable angina, no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is found. At the same time, some patients present for the first time with already extensive CAD. Further, the management of unstable ... -
Prevalence, vascular complications, and level of health care treatment in individuals with type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-10-04)The total prevalence of diabetes and vascular complications is increasing. Consequently, it is important to provide diabetes treatment according to the National clinical guideline for the management of diabetes and allocate individuals to the right level of health care in line with the National guideline for prioritization in specialist health care – Endocrinology and endocrine surgery. We used data ... -
Interleukin 33: a locally induced alarmin in the colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-09-27)Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease involving the mucosal lining of the large bowel (colon and rectum). Common symptoms include bouts of diarrhoea, rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. The pathogenesis of UC is complex and multifactorial. This thesis investigated interleukin 33 (IL-33), an alarmin of the innate immune system. IL-33 is of interest as it is found to be ... -
Oral health in pregnancy: changes in oral bacterial milieu related to cariogenic bacterial load, oxidative stress and nitric oxide levels in the saliva and their effect on pregnancy outcome
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-09-16)The physiological changes that occur during the pregnancy are known to affect women´s oral health. Pregnant women are more vulnerable to oral diseases when compared to non-pregnant. Better understanding of the relation between changing oral microbial milieu and risk of pregnancy complications and associated mechanisms could help to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. Thus, we aimed to investigate ... -
Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A comparison to substance abuse disorders, and relation to cognitive performance and antipsychotic treatment outcomes
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-09-15)An increasing body of research points to the importance of childhood trauma (CT) in psychosis, and as a risk factor for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). The aim of this thesis was to investigate and compare the frequency and severity of CT in relation to clinical aspects and treatment outcomes in SSDs. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short-Form (CTQ-SF) was used to retrospectively measure ... -
The role of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in normal and malignant hematopoiesis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-09-08)Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine that exerts multiple roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. Enhanced IL-1β signaling drives hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation into the myeloid lineage and is actively involved in the development and progression of hematological malignancies, including deadly acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Inhibition of IL-1β ...
