Scientific abstract Antibiotic resistance, especially in Gram-negative pathogens, represents a substantial clinical and financial burden to our society. The presented work investigated mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics that promote the emergence and maintenance of resistance in bacteria. In the first study, conserved collateral susceptibility changes were identified across resistant uropathogenic ...

Physical activity is an important modifiable lifestyle factor that can improve general health and reduce the risk of disease. Currently, collecting data on physical activity in epidemiological studies are generally limited to long-term but self-reported and inaccurate physical activity questionnaires and/or using short-term but objective and more accurate accelerometers. Consumer-based activity ...

<p>Background: Osteoporotic fractures constitute a major health- and economic burden worldwide and because of an aging population the burden is estimated to rise. The individual consequences of fractures are severe. Norway has one of the highest fracture incidences in the world. The etiology of fracture risk at old age is less optimal bone mass accumulation in childhood and adolescence, rapid ...

The aim of this thesis was to develop a prognostic model for unfavorable outcome 12 months after surgical treatment of a lumbar disc herniation (lumbar microdiscectomy). While the surgical procedure is rather uniform, with little technical variation, the reported outcomes are quite heterogenous. This might be due to different expectations by patients, or due to suboptimal surgical indication as ...

<p>Tripartite motif family proteins (TRIMs) are a wide family of E3 ligases involved in the control of several cellular processes such as intracellular signaling, innate immunity, transcription, cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis. In recent years, some members of this family have been found to have a role in autophagy. <p>The central theme of this thesis is the role of two TRIM proteins in ...

Ovarian reserve is a key component influencing reproductive function and fertility. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) are established quantitative markers of ovarian reserve. The overall aim of this thesis comprising four work packages was to study the role of AMH and AFC on different aspects of fertility and fertility treatment. Their specific objectives were: 1) To ...

<p>During the Korean War (1951-53), Norway operated and staffed a surgical field hospital at the front along the 38th parallel. The Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital – NORMASH – was a part of the United Nations peace-enforcing force to stop aggression from North-Korea towards South-Korea. <p>NORMASH was staffed only with civilian volunteers. Without any training as a military group or in war ...

The cognitive profile associated with schizophrenia has long been a research subject of interest. A plethora of studies have not only revealed cognitive deficits but also cognitive biases, meaning qualitative deviations in the way information is processed and evaluated. Such biases are for example reflected in findings of diminished metacognitive accuracy, or premature and disadvantageous decision-making. ...

Although the problem of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Russia has been the subject of attention for decades, a definitive and comprehensive explanation of why the CVD burden there is so high and generally greater than in many other countries has still not been found. In this thesis, I have attempted to advance research on these issues by examining the role of blood lipids, heart damage biomarkers ...

Avhandlingen består av seks artikler basert på studier fra sykepleierutdanning i Finnmark, og belyser ulike aspekter ved sykepleierutdanningens samfunnsoppdrag. Hensikten med artiklene er å bidra til økt kunnskap om urfolksperspektiv, utfordringer som stabilisering og rekruttering av sykepleiere til distriktene, samhandling mellom primær- og spesialisthelsetjeneste, samt pedagogiske tilnærminger ...