Sulfoxonium ylides have recently gained prominence as safe carbenoid precursors in metal-catalyzed reactions. The stability and reactivity of sulfoxonium ylides depend on the substitution of the ylide carbon. The reactivity of vinyl-substituted sulfoxonium ylides is different and offers several advantages over known stabilized sulfoxonium ylides in the case of carbenoid transfer reactions. Herein, ...

Gravitational forcing of oversteepened rock mass leads to progressive failure, including rupture, creeping, sliding and eventual avalanching of the unstable mass. As the point of rupture initiation typically follows pre-existing structural discontinuities within the rock mass, understanding the structural setting of slopes is necessary for an accurate characterisation of the hazards and estimation ...

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) must continually decide how much insulin to inject before each meal to maintain an acceptable level of blood glucose. Recent research has worked on a solution for this burden: the artificial pancreas (AP), which is a closed-loop system combining a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and an insulin pump with a decision-making algorithm. The goal of this thesis is ...

We have developed a carbonylative approach to the synthesis of diversely substituted 2-aroylbenzoate esters featuring a new protocol for the carbonylative coupling of aryl bromides with boronic acids and a new strategy to favour carbonylative over non-carbonylative reactions. Two different synthetic pathways – (i) the alkoxycarbonylation of 2-bromo benzophenones and (ii) the carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura ...

Quartz‐in‐garnet inclusion barometry integrated with trace element thermometry and calculated phase relations is applied to mylonitized schists of the Pinkie unit cropping out on the island of Prins Karls Forland, western part of the Svalbard Archipelago. This approach combines conventional and novel techniques and allows deciphering of the pressure–temperature (<i>P–T</i>) evolution of mylonitic ...

Maritime vessels equipped with visible and infrared cameras can complement other conventional sensors for object detection. However, application of computer vision techniques in maritime domain received attention only recently. The maritime environment offers its own unique requirements and challenges. Assessment of the quality of detections is a fundamental need in computer vision. However, the ...

The emerging crisis of antimicrobial resistance calls for the development of new therapeutic drugs. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), found in a variety of species as part of the host-defence mechanisms, serves as promising candidates for clinical use. Studies of well-known AMPs like lactoferrin have lead to the preparation of short cationic AMPs (CAPs) with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against ...

In 1987, the late German chemist Peter Hofmann of the University of Heidelberg wrote: “We still have a long way to go until a computation will be able to compete with or to substitute a lab experiment... one could then conclude that theoretical work in this field—not being quantitatively reliable anyhow—is rather useless, except for the purpose of keeping theorists busy.” However, Hofmann continued: ...

A careful density functional theory reexamination of the geometric and electronic structures of reduced main-group porphyrin complexes E(Por)L2 (E = Si or Ge; L = pyridine or tetrahydrofuran), B2(Por), and C2(Por) has confirmed these as pure isophlorin derivatives with normal-valent coordinated central atoms. Only axially unligated Ge(Por) and the dications [B2(Por)]2+ and [C2(Por)]2+ feature aromatic ...

As pioneered by Corey and Chaykovsky, sulfoxonium ylides have had widespread application in organic synthesis for more than a half century. In most of the reactions, sulfoxonium ylides were used to react with electrophiles. Under suitable reaction conditions these ylides can generate metal carbenoids and react with nucleophiles. By combining the typical reactivity of sulfoxonium ylides with ...