Fakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3781-3800 of 5327
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Investigation of Sea Ice Using Multiple Synthetic Aperture Radar Acquisitions
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-02-23)The thesis investigates imaging in the vertical direction of different types of ice in the arctic using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography and SAR interferometry. In the first part, the magnitude and the positions of the dominant scattering contributions within snow covered fjord and lake ice layers are effectively identified by using a very high resolution ground-based tomographic SAR system. ... -
A practical guideline for human error assessment: A causal model
(Konferansebidrag; Conference object, 2017-12-12)To meet the availability target and reduce system downtime, effective maintenance have a great importance. However, maintenance performance is greatly affected in complex ways by human factors. Hence, to have an effective maintenance operation, these factors needs to be assessed and quantified. To avoid the inadequacies of traditional human error assessment (HEA) approaches, the application of ... -
Filament motions in magnetized plasmas
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-02-08)Interchange motions of magnetized plasmas due to either a non-uniform magnetic field or a gravitational field lead to charge polarization within a filamentary structure and set up convection. In this project we have provided a clear derivation of the two-field model equations that describe these filament motions. We have also derived an energy theorem for small amplitude oscillations. We have ... -
Estimating thermospheric neutral densities using ISR-observations during active HF-radio wave ionospheric heating experiment
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-12-15)In this study we present a method to estimate neutral thermospheric densities using ISR-observations following a sequence of high-frequency radio wave ionospheric heating modi cations in the vicinity of the ionosphere peak density altitude (hmF2), and the results from two different days of observations with low geomagnetic activity levels (AP<4) that are compared to the MSIS model. Slight ... -
Mountain building processes in the northern Norwegian Caledonides - Examining Caledonian continental collision using a combination of structural mapping, phase equilibrium modelling and geochronology
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-01-17)Studying orogenesis allows us to better understand the construction of continental crust and the lower crustal processes that occur in modern orogenic belts (e.g. the Himalaya). The Scandinavian Caledonides formed when Laurentia and Baltica collided during the Silurian/Devonian, and allow for direct study of mid- to lower crustal metamorphism in a continental collision zone. This work focuses on the ... -
Long-range memory in Earth's climate response - analysis of paleoclimatic records and climate model simulations
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-01-22)The memory properties in paleoclimate temperature records based on model simulations and proxy-reconstructions have been investigated, to find out if these records exhibit long-range memory in a similar manner as many instrumental temperature records. On time scales from years to centuries and even millennia, long-range memory is identified in the paleoclimate records using a toolbox of statistical ... -
Applying Multivariate Analysis to Developing Electrodialytic Remediation of Harbour Sediments from Arctic Locations
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-03-13)Electrodialytic remediation (EDR) is a method for removing pollutants from different materials achieved by acidification and transport processes induced by application of an electric field of low intensity. In the thesis, EDR was shown to be a reliable technology for removal of heavy metals, PAH, PCB and TBT from harbour sediments. The final concentrations of heavy metals met the background criteria ... -
Dimensjonering av sikringstiltak mot tilsiktede uønskede handlinger. En kvalitativ studie av sårbarhetsvurderinger som et verktøy for dimensjonering av sikringstiltak i norske ISPS-havneanlegg
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-12-15)Terror er ikke et nytt fenomen i Europa. Likevel har terrorfokuset økt som et resultat av en rekke alarmerende hendelser de siste tiårene. Etter terrorangrepene mot USA 11. september 2001 fikk den vestlige verden for alvor opp øynene for hvordan terrorangrep kan bli utført på den internasjonale arena. Som følger av terrortrusselen utviklet FNs sjøfartsorganisasjon, IMO, ISPS-koden. Koden stiller ... -
Sedimentology of the Lower Cretaceous at Kikutodden and Keilhaufjellet, southern Spitsbergen: implications for an onshore-offshore link
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-10)Detailed sedimentological investigations of the Lower Cretaceous succession of southernmost Spitsbergen indicate deposition during a long-term fall and rise in relative sea level. The Rurikfjellet Formation shows an overall regressive development and consists of offshore deposits grading upwards into progradationally stacked shoreface parasequences. The overlying Helvetiafjellet Formation shows a ... -
Dynamical models of mutated chronic myelogenous leukemia cells for a postimatinib treatment scenario: Response to dasatinib or nilotinib therapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-05)Targeted inhibition of the oncogenic BCR-ABL1 fusion protein using the ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib has become standard therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), with most patients reaching total and durable remission. However, a significant fraction of patients develop resistance, commonly due to mutated ABL1 kinase domains. This motivated development of second-generation drugs ... -
Does proximity of women to facilities with better choice of contraceptives affect their contraceptive utilization in rural Ethiopia?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-13)Background:<br>There is limited evidence of the linkage between contraceptive use, the range of methods available and level of contraceptive stocks at health facilities and distance to facility in developing countries. The present analysis aims at examining the influence of contraceptive method availability and distance to the nearby facilities on modern contraceptive utilization among married women ... -
Limited grounding-line advance onto the West Antarctic continental shelf in the easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment during the last glacial period
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-25)Precise knowledge about the extent of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; c. 26.5–19 cal. ka BP) is important in order to 1) improve paleo-ice sheet reconstructions, 2) provide a robust empirical framework for calibrating paleo-ice sheet models, and 3) locate potential shelf refugia for Antarctic benthos during the last glacial period. However, reliable reconstructions ... -
A comparative study of cold-and warmadapted Endonucleases A using sequence analyses and molecular Dynamics simulations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-13)The psychrophilic and mesophilic endonucleases A (EndA) from Aliivibrio salmonicida (VsEndA) and Vibrio cholera (VcEndA) have been studied experimentally in terms of the biophysical properties related to thermal adaptation. The analyses of their static X-ray structures was no sufficient to rationalize the determinants of their adaptive traits at the molecular level. Thus, we used Molecular Dynamics ... -
Surface water conditions and calcium carbonate preservation in the Fram Strait during marine isotope stage 2, 28.8–15.4 kyr
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-01-14)We present a high-resolution record of calcium carbonate preservation alongside the distribution pattern of planktic foraminifera from the Fram Strait. The record covers the marine isotope stage (MIS) 2, 28.8 to 15.4 kyr, including the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the early deglaciation in multidecadal temporal resolution. The investigation is based on the distribution patterns of planktic ... -
Structure and function of a CE4 deacetylase isolated from a marine environment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-06)Chitin, a polymer of β(1–4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine found in e.g. arthropods, is a valuable resource that may be used to produce chitosan and chitooligosaccharides, two compounds with considerable industrial and biomedical potential. Deacetylating enzymes may be used to tailor the properties of chitin and its derived products. Here, we describe a novel CE4 enzyme originating from a marine ... -
Analysis of free text in electronic health records for identification of cancer patient trajectories
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-07)With an aging patient population and increasing complexity in patient disease trajectories, physicians are often met with complex patient histories from which clinical decisions must be made. Due to the increasing rate of adverse events and hospitals facing financial penalties for readmission, there has never been a greater need to enforce evidence-led medical decision-making using available ... -
Visualizing tephra deposits and sedimentary processes in the marine environment: The potential of X-ray microtomography
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-30)Localized tephra deposition in marine sequences is the product of many complex primary and secondary depositional processes. These can significantl y influence the potential applicability of tephra depos- its as isochronous marker horizons and current techniques, used in isolation, may be insufficient to fully unravel these processes. Here we demonstrate the innovative application of X-ray ... -
Water mass exchange between the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean on millennial time scale during MIS 4–2
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)The climate of the last glaciation circa 65,000–25,000 years ago was interrupted by about 15 abrupt temperature fluctuations, the so-called Dansgaard-Oeschger events consisting of warm interstadials and cold stadials recorded in Greenland ice cores. The largest fluctuations occur in the North Atlantic region, but they have been registered over the most of the world. The events are linked to changes ... -
Using anchors from free text in electronic health records to diagnose postoperative delirium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-19)Objectives:<br> Postoperative delirium is a common complication after major surgery among the elderly. Despite its potentially serious consequences, the complication often goes undetected and undiagnosed. In order to provide diagnosis support one could potentially exploit the information hidden in free text documents from electronic health records usin ... -
Pink marine sediments reveal rapid ice melt and Arctic meltwater discharge during Dansgaard-Oeschger warmings
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-11-22)The climate of the last glaciation was interrupted by numerous abrupt temperature fluctuations, referred to as Greenland interstadials and stadials. During warm interstadials the meridional overturning circulation was active transferring heat to the north, whereas during cold stadials the Nordic Seas were ice-covered and the overturning circulation was disrupted. Meltwater discharge, from ice sheets ...