<ol> <li>Two common <i>Dibothriocephalus</i> (formerly <i>Diphyllobothrium</i>) tapeworm species were significantly reduced by experimental culling of their fish host Arctic charr (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>) in a subarctic lake.</li><p> <p><li>Between 1984 and 1991, funnel traps were used to cull ~35 metric tons of Arctic charr, reducing charr density by ~80%. As charr densities decreased, ...

Available species information pages and fact sheets define 100 to 200 m as the maximum depth of occurrence for <i>Cancer pagurus</i>. We here present some observations from video transects conducted in Sognesjøen, Norway, where numerous individuals of adult <i>C. pagurus</i> were observed at more than 400 m depth. Within the area investigated, 81 live crabs, 3 dead crabs/exuviae, and 32 areas with ...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is best known as an essential cofactor of biochemical reactions. In addition, it is involved in the regulation of virtually all major cellular events. These NAD-dependent regulatory functions are mediated by enzymes (e.g., sirtuins, poly–adenosine -diphosphate [ADP] ribose polymerases, ADP-ribosyl cyclases) that cleave the molecule to liberate nicotinamide ...

The increased transport of terrestrially derived organic material (tOM) from catchments to rivers and lakes is leading to browning of northern freshwaters.(1) Although the same environmental drivers can be expected to lead to widespread increases in tOM and subsequent darkening in adjacent coastal systems,(2) this has received considerably less attention, and long-term monitoring data for detecting ...

Climate change and pollution resulting from human activities in the Arctic require reliable monitoring systems in sentinel species. Mytilus spp. are used as sentinel species all around the world. The use of Mytilus spp. in environmental monitoring requires knowledge about natural variations in pollution biomarkers. Seasonal variations in baseline levels of biomarkers were studied over a year in the ...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a high-throughput technology with potential to infer nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) content of all vascular plants based on empirical calibrations with chemical analysis, but is currently limited to the sample populations upon which it is based. Here we provide a first step towards a global arctic-alpine NIRS model of foliar N, P and C content. We ...

Empetrum nigrum is a plant common in northern ecosystems with capacity to produce allelopathic compounds, which among other effects inhibit seed establishment and germination of other plants. Some of the most studied compounds regarding this effect are batatasin-III and phenolic acids, among them caffeic acid, which account for a large proportion of the leaf’s biomass. 5 random sites were established ...

Fjellbjørkemåler og liten frostmåler er to nattsommerfugler som har sykliske populasjonssvingninger i fjellbjørkeskogen i Skandinavia. Populasjonstopper kommer med omtrent ti års mellomrom, og tettheten av målere i toppår kan være flere tusen ganger høyere enn i bunnår. Selv om syklusene er godt beskrevet ved hjelp av lange tidsserier er årsaken til svingningene dårlig forstått. Antibeitestoffer hos ...

The search for effective strategies to prevent and mitigate accidental releases of aquaculture fishes is on-going. To test a new recapture strategy and evaluate the individual dispersal behaviour of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon <i>Salmo salar</i> L. at the northern limit of its range, 39 adult salmon (mean ± SD fork length and weight: 85.5 ± 5.0 cm and 7.4 ± 1.4 kg, respectively) were implanted ...

Predation and mortality are often difficult to estimate in the ocean, which hampers the management and conservation of marine fishes. <br>We used data from pop-up satellite archival tags to investigate the ocean predation and mortality of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) released from 12 rivers flowing into the North Atlantic Ocean. Data from 156 tagged fish revealed 22 definite predation ...