Institutt for fysikk og teknologi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1141-1160 of 1400

    • Optical transport, lifting and trapping of micro-particles by planar waveguides 

      Helle, Øystein Ivar; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh; Hellesø, Olav Gaute (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-03)
      Optical waveguides can be used to trap and transport micro-particles. The particles are held close to the waveguide surface by the evanescent field and propelled forward. We propose a new technique to lift and trap particles above the surface of the waveguides. This is made possible by a gap between two opposing, planar waveguides. The field emitted from each of the waveguide ends diverge fast, away ...

    • Eastward-expanding auroral surges observed in the post-midnight sector during a multiple-onset substorm 

      Tanaka, Yoshimasa; Ogawa, Yasunobu; Kadokura, Akira; Partamies, Noora; Whiter, Daniel; Enell, Carl-Fredrik; Brändström, Urban; Sergienko, Tima; Gustavsson, Björn Johan; Kozlovsky, Alexander; Miyaoka, Hiroshi; Yoshikawa, Akimasa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-11-09)
      We present three eastward-expanding auroral surge (EEAS) events that were observed intermittently at intervals of about 15 min in the post-midnight sector (01:55–02:40 MLT) by all-sky imagers and magnetometers in northern Europe. It was deduced that each surge occurred just after each onset of a multiple-onset substorm, which was small-scale and did not clearly expand westward, because they were ...

    • The science case for the EISCAT_3D radar 

      McCrea, Ian W.; Aikio, Anita; Alfonsi, Lucilla; Belova, Evgenia; Buchert, Stephan C.; Clilverd, Mark; Engler, Norbert; Gustavsson, Björn Johan; Heinselman, C.; Kero, Johan; Kosch, Mike; Lamy, Herve; Leyser, Thomas; Ogawa, Yasunobu; Oksavik, Kjellmar; Pellinen-Wannberg, Asta; Pitout, Frederic; Rapp, Markus; Stanislawska, Iwona; Vierinen, Juha (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-07-29)
      The EISCAT (European Incoherent SCATer) Scientific Association has provided versatile incoherent scatter (IS) radar facilities on the mainland of northern Scandinavia (the EISCAT UHF and VHF radar systems) and on Svalbard (the electronically scanning radar ESR (EISCAT Svalbard Radar) for studies of the high-latitude ionised upper atmosphere (the ionosphere). The mainland radars were constructed ...

    • Polarimetric SAR Change Detection with the Complex Hotelling-Lawley Trace Statistic 

      Akbari, Vahid; Anfinsen, Stian Normann; Doulgeris, Anthony Paul; Eltoft, Torbjørn; Moser, Gabriele; Serpico, Sebastian Bruno (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-15)
      In this paper, we propose a new test statistic for unsupervised change detection in polarimetric radar images. We work with multilook complex covariance matrix data, whose underlying model is assumed to be the scaled complex Wishart distribution. We use the complex-kind Hotelling-Lawley trace statistic for measuring the similarity of two covariance matrices. The distribution of the Hotelling-Lawley ...

    • The environment-induced cracking of as-annealed Ni3(Si,Ti) and Ni3(Si,Ti) with 2Mo in sodium chloride solutions 

      Priyotomo, Gadang; Wagle, Sanat; Okitsu, Kenji; Iwase, Akihiro; Kaneno, Yasuyuki; Nishimura, Rokuro; Takasugi, Takayuki (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-01)
      Background The environment-induced cracking (EIC) of as-annealed Ni3(Si,Ti) and Ni3(Si,Ti) with 2Mo has been researched as functions of applied stress, chloride ion concentration, test temperature, and pH. Methods The investigation of EIC was carried out by applying a constant method in NaCl solutions. Results The EIC susceptibility of both intermetallic compounds increased with ...

    • Chip-based optical microscopy for imaging membrane sieve plates of liver scavenger cells 

      Helle, Øystein Ivar; Øie, Cristina Ionica; McCourt, Peter Anthony; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-26)
      The evanescent field on top of optical waveguides is used to image membrane network and sieve-plates of liver endothelial cells. In waveguide excitation, the evanescent field is dominant only near the surface (~100-150 nm) providing a default optical sectioning by illuminating fluorophores in close proximity to the surface and thus benefiting higher signal-to-noise ratio. The sieve plates of liver ...

    • Hon förebygger miljökatastrofer 

      Johansson, Malin; Avenius, Malin (Others; Andre, 2015)
      Det får inte hända. men om det ändå gör det behövs ny teknik för att mildra effekterna. Malin Johanssons forskning handlar om att förebygga miljökatastrofer, när oljebolagen söker sig allt längre in i Arktis.

    • Imaging Sea Ice Structure by Remote Sensing Sensors 

      Eltoft, Torbjørn; Doulgeris, Anthony Paul; Brekke, Camilla; Solbø, Stian; Gerland, Sebastian; Hanssen, Alfred (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-06-14)
      This paper will investigate how new developments in remote sensing and sensor technologies can be applied to image the structure of the sea ice surface. Both segmentation of multipolarimetric synthetic aperture radar images and strategies for the analyses of polarimetric SAR data of sea ice are addressed. The analysis is based on a Radarsat 2 PolSAR scene of from the Fram Strait in September ...

    • Characterization of a waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer using PDMS as a cover layer 

      Lindecrantz, Susan Mariah; Tinguely, Jean-Claude; Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh; Hellesø, Olav Gaute (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      A Mach-Zehnder interferometer made with shallow rib waveguides is studied experimentally and using simulations. The rib-height giving single-mode guidance is found as function of core thickness and polarization. Devices have been made using shallow rib waveguides (5 nm rib height) in silicon nitride. The sensitivity and the limit of detection (LOD) is studied experimentally regarding the length of ...

    • Single-mode limit and bending losses for shallow Rib Si3N4 waveguides 

      Dullo, Firehun Tsige; Tinguely, Jean-Claude; Solbø, Stian; Hellesø, Olav Gaute (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-07)
      The single-mode limit and bending losses for shallow rib waveguides are studied using the full vectorial film mode matching method. The maximum rib height for single-mode waveguides is found to be on the order of 10 nm for a rib width of 2 m and a wavelength of 785 nm, with the exact value depending on the core thickness and the polarization. Bending losses are calculated as a function of several ...

    • Consensus Clustering Using kNN Mode Seeking 

      Myhre, Jonas Nordhaug; Mikalsen, Karl Øyvind; Løkse, Sigurd; Jenssen, Robert (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2015-06-09)
      In this paper we present a novel clustering approach which combines two modern strategies, namely consensus clustering, and two stage clustering as represented by the mean shift spectral clustering algorithm. We introduce the recent kNN mode seeking algorithm in the consensus clustering framework, and the information theoretic kNN Cauchy Schwarz divergence as foundation for spectral clustering. In ...

    • The auroral red line polarisation: modelling and measurements 

      Lilensten, J.; Bommier, V.; Barthelemy, M; Lamy, Herve; Bernard, D; Moen, Jøran Idar; Johnsen, Magnar Gullikstad; Løvhaug, Unni Pia; Pitout, Frederic (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-12)
      In this work, we model the polarisation of the auroral red line using the electron impact theory developed by Bommier et al. (2011). This theory enables the computation of the distribution of the Degree of Linear Polarisation (DoLP) as a function of height if the flux of precipitated electrons is provided as input. An electron transport code is used to infer the stationary electron flux at each ...

    • A case study on generation mechanisms of a sporadic sodium layer above Tromsø (69.6° N) during a night of high auroral activity 

      Takahashi, Toru; Nozawa, Satonaori; Tsuda, Takuo T.; Ogawa, Yasunobu; Saito, Norihito; Hidemori, Takehiro; Kawahara, Takuya D.; Hall, Chris; Fujiwara, Hitoshi; Matuura, Nobuo; Brekke, Asgeir; Tsutsumi, Masaki; Wada, Satoshi; Kawabata, Tetsuya; Oyama, Shinichiro; Fujii, Ryoichi (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-05)
      We have quantitatively evaluated generation mechanisms of a sporadic sodium layer (SSL) based on observational data obtained by multiple instruments at a high-latitude station: Ramfjordmoen, Tromsø, Norway (69.6° N, 19.2° E). The sodium lidar observed an SSL at 21:18 UT on 22 January 2012. The SSL was observed for 18 min, with a maximum sodium density of about 1.9 × 1010 m−3 at 93 km with a 1.1 km ...

    • Auroral ion acoustic wave enhancement observed with a radar interferometer system 

      Schlatter, Nicola M.; Belyey, Vasyl; Gustavsson, Björn Johan; Ivchenko, Nickolay; Whiter, Daniel; Dahlgren, Hanna; Tuttle, Sam; Grydeland, Tom (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-07-20)
      Measurements of naturally enhanced ion acoustic line (NEIAL) echoes obtained with a five-antenna interferometric imaging radar system are presented. The observations were conducted with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) radar on Svalbard and the EISCAT Aperture Synthesis Imaging receivers (EASI) installed at the radar site. Four baselines of the interferometer are used in the analysis. Based ...

    • A comparison of overshoot modelling with observations of polar mesospheric summer echoes at radar frequencies of 56 and 224 MHz 

      Havnes, Ove; Pinedo Nava, Henry; La Hoz, Cesar; Senior, Andrew; Hartquist, Thomas W.; Rietveld, Michael T; Kosch, Michael J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      We have compared radar observations of polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSEs) modulated by artificial electron heating, at frequencies of 224 MHz (EISCAT VHF) and 56 MHz (MORRO). We have concentrated on 1 day of observation, lasting ~ 3.8 h. The MORRO radar, with its much wider beam, observes one or more PMSE layers all the time while the VHF radar observes PMSEs in 69% of the time. Statistically ...

    • Magnetic field-aligned plasma currents in gravitational fields 

      Garcia, Odd Erik; Leer, Egil; Pecseli, Hans; Trulsen, Jan Karsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-03)
      Analytical models are presented for currents along vertical magnetic field lines due to slow bulk electron motion in plasmas subject to a gravitational force. It is demonstrated that a general feature of this problem is a singularity in the plasma pressure force that develops at some finite altitude when a plasma that is initially in static equilibrium is set into slow motion. Classical fluid models ...

    • Using Silver Nano-Particle Ink in Electrode Fabrication of High Frequency Copolymer Ultrasonic Transducers: Modeling and Experimental Investigation 

      Decharat, Adit; Wagle, Sanat; Jacobsen, Svein Ketil; Melandsø, Frank (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-20)
      High frequency polymer-based ultrasonic transducers are produced with electrodes thicknesses typical for printed electrodes obtained from silver (Ag) nano-particle inks. An analytical three-port network is used to study the acoustic effects imposed by a thick electrode in a typical layered transducer configuration. Results from the network model are compared to experimental findings for the implemented ...

    • The First Magnetotelluric Image of the Lithospheric-Scale Geological Architecture in Central Svalbard, Arctic Norway 

      Beka, Thomas Ibsa; Smirnov, Maxim; Bergh, Steffen G; Birkelund, Yngve (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-12-17)
      Magnetotelluric data, collected from 30 stations on Spitsbergen as part of a reconnaissance geothermal resource assessment along a profile with 0.53-km spacing in 0.0031000-s period range, were used to develop a lithospheric-scale two-dimensional (2D) resistivity model, heretofore unavailable for the region. Inverting the determinant of the impedance tensor in 2D, we found the smoothest model ...

    • On the Relationship between PMSE Strength and Particle Precipitation 

      Antonsen, Tarjei; Havnes, Ove (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-06)
      We have studied the relationship between particle precipitation and PMSE strength on days where we observe PMSE layers both with the EISCAT VHF and UHF radars. The UHF observations of the ionization and its variation, above the PMSE layer, is used as a measure of precipitation. Variations of the precipitation is compared with variations of the PMSE strengths observed with both radars. Although ...

    • Preliminary Assessment of Remote Wind Sites 

      Bilal, Muhammad; Araya, Guillermo; Birkelund, Yngve (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08)
      Wind energy is becoming a reliable and affordable source of clean energy and is rapidly expanding to remote places around the world. A crucial input for wind farming prospect is the assessment of potential wind sites. Sites, especially remotely located, often do not have a wind resource map and thus lack credible historical records of wind resources. Measurement campaigns to map these sites are ...