Atmospheric gravity waves and traveling ionospheric disturbances can be observed in the neutral atmosphere and the ionosphere at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Especially at medium scales, these oscillations are often not resolved in general circulation models and are parameterized. We show that ionospheric disturbances forced by upward-propagating atmospheric gravity waves can be ...

Reconstructing 3D refractive index profile of scatterers using optical microscopy measurements presents several challenges over the conventional microwave and RF domain measurement scenario. These include phaseless and polarization-insensitive measurements, small numerical aperture, as well as a Green's function where spatial frequencies are integrated in a weighted manner such that far-field angular ...

The island of Husøy, in Northern Senja, Norway, faces numerous voltage quality difficulties, which arise from the consequent surge in electricity demand by the local growing fishing industry. Collaborating with the local distribution system operator (DSO), Arva, the current study explores the implementation of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) using a peak-shaving strategy to alleviate high-demand ...

A new observational phenomenon, named Simultaneous Global Ionospheric Density Disturbance (SGD), is identified in GNSS total electron content (TEC) data during periods of three typical geospace disturbances: a Coronal Mass Ejection-driven severe disturbance event, a high-speed stream event, and a minor disturbance day with a maximum Kp of 4. SGDs occur frequently on dayside and dawn sectors, with ...

The implementation of piezoelectric sensors is degraded due to surface defects, delamination, and extreme weathering conditions, to mention a few. Hence, the sensor needs to be diagnosed before the efficacious implementation in the structural health monitoring (SHM) framework. To rescue the problem, a novel experimental method based on Coulomb coupling is utilised to visualise the evolution of ...

Antarctic ice shelves, by restraining ice streams and affecting the discharge of grounded ice, play a critical role in the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. In this study, sub-ice shelf CTD measurements and time series data from an ice shelf cavity mooring were used to detect subglacial runoff beneath the Filchner Ice Shelf. CTD measurements from four boreholes across the southern Filchner ...

A medium and high-frequency antenna array for radar and radio imaging of the ionosphere is planned for installation in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico. Science goals include the study of space weather, radio propagation, meteors, lightning, and plasma physics. Radio imaging is ideal for the study of stimulated ionospheric radio emissions, such as those induced by the Arecibo Observatory high-power HF radio ...

Snow depth on sea ice is an Essential Climate Variable and a major source of uncertainty in satellite altimetry-derived sea ice thickness. During winter of the MOSAiC Expedition, the “KuKa” dual-frequency, fully polarized Ku- and Ka-band radar was deployed in “stare” nadir-looking mode to investigate the possibility of combining these two frequencies to retrieve snow depth. Three approaches ...

The CryoSat-2 radar altimeter and ICESat-2 laser altimeter can provide complementary measurements of the freeboard and thickness of Arctic sea ice. However, both sensors face significant challenges for accurately measuring the ice freeboard when the sea ice is melting in summer months. Here, we used crossover points between CryoSat2 and ICESat-2 to compare elevation retrievals over summer sea ...

A statistical analysis was applied to Northern Hemisphere land surface temperatures (1850–2018) to try to identify the main drivers of the observed warming since the mid-19th century. Two different temperature estimates were considered—a rural and urban blend (that matches almost exactly with most current estimates) and a rural-only estimate. The rural and urban blend indicates a long-term warming ...