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norskArtikler, rapporter og annet (klinisk medisin): Recent submissions
Now showing items 1181-1200 of 1974
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Effect of requiring a general practitioner at scenes of serious injury: A systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-05)<p><i>Background - </i>In Norway, each municipality is responsible for providing first line emergency healthcare, and it is mandatory to have a primary care physician/general practitioner on call continuously. This mandate ensures that a physician can assist patients and ambulance personnel at the site of severe injuries or illnesses. The compulsory presence of the general practitioner at the scene ... -
PTSD patients show increasing cytokine levels during treatment despite reduced psychological distress
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-17)<p><i>Background</i>: A reciprocal relationship between activated innate immune system and changes in mood and behavior has been established. There is still a paucity of knowledge on how the immune system responds during psychiatric treatment. We aimed to explore circulating cytokines and assess psychiatric symptom severity scores during 12 weeks of inpatient psychiatric treatment.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: ... -
Acceptability of an mHealth app intervention for persons with type 2 diabetes and its associations with initial self-management: Randomized controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-21)<p><i>Background</i>: Mobile health interventions are increasingly used in health care. The level of acceptability may indicate whether and how such digital solutions will be used.</p> <p><i>Objective</i>: This study aimed to explore associations between the level of acceptability of a mobile diabetes app and initial ability of self-management for patients with type 2 diabetes.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: ... -
Variation in neurosurgical management of traumatic brain injury: a survey in 68 centers participating in the CENTER-TBI study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-19)<p><i>Background</i>: Neurosurgical management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is challenging, with only low-quality evidence. We aimed to explore differences in neurosurgical strategies for TBI across Europe.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: A survey was sent to 68 centers participating in the Collaborative European Neurotrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study. The ... -
The decreasing prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment in older Europeans: a meta-analysis of published and unpublished data
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-13)<p><i>Topic</i>: To estimate the prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness in European persons 55 years of age and older.</p> <p><i>Clinical Relevance</i>: Few visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates are available for the European population. In addition, many of the data collected in European population-based studies currently are unpublished and have not been ... -
Adjacent Disc Degeneration After Lumbar Total Disc Replacement or Non-operative Treatment: A Randomized Study With Eight-year Follow-up
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-15)<p><i>Study Design</i>: A randomized controlled multicenter trial with 8-year follow-up.</p> <p><i>Objective</i>: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term development of adjacent disc degeneration (ADD) after lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) or nonoperative treatment, and to analyze the association between ADD development and clinical outcome.</p> <p><i>Summary of Background ... -
Menopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer risk: effect modification by body mass through life
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-06)It is not known whether increased breast cancer risk caused by menopausal hormone therapy (HT) depends on body mass patterns through life. In a prospective study of 483,241 Norwegian women aged 50–69 years at baseline, 7656 women developed breast cancer during follow-up (2006–2013). We combined baseline information on recalled body mass in childhood/adolescence and current (baseline) body mass index ... -
Granulocyte and monocyte CD11b expression during plasma separation is dependent on complement factor 5 (C5) – an ex vivo study with blood from a C5-deficient individual
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2018)The aim of the study was to investigate the role of complement factor 5 (C5) in reactions elicited by plasma separation using blood from a C5‐deficient (C5D) individual, comparing it to C5‐deficient blood reconstituted with C5 (C5DR) and blood from healthy donors. Blood was circulated through an <i>ex vivo</i> plasma separation model. Leukocyte CD11b expression and leukocyte–platelet conjugates were ... -
Bone trait ranking in the population is not established during antenatal growth but is robustly established in the first postnatal year
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-17)Efforts to understand the pathophysiology of bone fragility must focus on bone traits during growth. We hypothesized that variance in individual trait ranking in the population distribution is established by genetic factors and is reflected in foetal trait ranking in early pregnancy, but intrauterine factors modify trait ranking in late pregnancy, followed by the reinstating of this ranking during ... -
Variation in general supportive and preventive intensive care management of traumatic brain injury: a survey in 66 neurotrauma centers participating in the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-13)<p><i>Background</i>: General supportive and preventive measures in the intensive care management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) aim to prevent or limit secondary brain injury and optimize recovery. The aim of this survey was to assess and quantify variation in perceptions on intensive care unit (ICU) management of patients with TBI in European neurotrauma centers.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We ... -
Differences in implementation of family focused practice in hospitals: a cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-10)<p><i>Background</i>: Changes in Norwegian law and health policy require all health professionals to help safeguard the provision of information and follow-up for the children of parents with mental or physical illness, or substance abuse problems, to decrease their risk of psychosocial problems. There is a lack of knowledge on how the national changes have been received by hospital-based health ... -
Effect of everolimus initiation and calcineurin inhibitor elimination on cardiac allograft vasculopathy in de novo heart transplant recipients - Three-Year results of a Scandinavian randomized trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-07)<i>Background</i>: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) limits survival after heart transplantation, and the effect of different immunosuppressive regimens on CAV is not fully understood. The randomized SCHEDULE trial (Scandinavian Heart Transplant Everolimus De Novo Study With Early Calcineurin Inhibitors Avoidance) evaluated whether initiation of the proliferation signal inhibitor ... -
Exploration of 27 plasma immune markers: A cross-sectional comparison of 64 old psychiatric inpatients having unipolar major depression and 18 non-depressed old persons
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-25)<p><i>Background</i>: The prevalence of major depression (MD) according to population studies is the same for old (65 years and older) and younger adults. In contrast, an elevated proportion of old MD patients are hospitalized compared to younger adults with MD, indicating a need to expand the characteristics of old inpatients with MD. To illustrate this point, the association between inflammation ... -
Rationale and plan for vitamin D food fortification: A review and guidance paper
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-17)Vitamin D deficiency can lead to musculoskeletal diseases such as rickets and osteomalacia, but vitamin D supplementation may also prevent extraskeletal diseases such as respiratory tract infections, asthma exacerbations, pregnancy complications and premature deaths. Vitamin D has a unique metabolism as it is mainly obtained through synthesis in the skin under the influence of sunlight (i.e., ... -
Cytokine profiling and post-transfusion haemoglobin increment in patients with haematological diseases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2018-08-29)<p><i>Background and Objectives</i>: In a previous pilot study, we demonstrated significantly lower haemoglobin (Hb) increment after red‐blood‐cell (RBC) transfusions in febrile patients compared to patients without fever. The aim of this study was to examine associations between inflammatory mediators and post‐transfusion haemoglobin increment in patients with haematological diseases.</p> <p>< ... -
Brain death and postmortem organ donation: report of a questionnaire from the CENTER-TBI study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-16)<p><i>Background</i>: We aimed to investigate the extent of the agreement on practices around brain death and postmortem organ donation.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Investigators from 67 Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study centers completed several questionnaires (response rate: 99%).</p> <p><i>Results</i>: Regarding practices around ... -
Impact of preanalytical conditions on plasma concentration and size distribution of extracellular vesicles using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-21)Optimal pre-analytical handling is essential for valid measurements of plasma concentration and size distribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs). We investigated the impact of plasma preparation, various anticoagulants (Citrate, EDTA, CTAD, Heparin), and fasting status on concentration and size distribution of EVs measured by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). Blood was drawn from 10 healthy ... -
Long-Term Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer: The Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer Cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-06)The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients who survive the first years after a cancer diagnosis after the acute effects of disease and treatment in comparison to a similar background population has been sparsely investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate if incidence rates (IRs) of VTE differed in patients who were alive at least 2 years after a cancer diagnosis without VTE ... -
Urinary Markers of Oxidative Stress Are Associated With Albuminuria But Not GFR Decline
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-07)<p><i>Introduction</i>: Markers of oxidative stress increase with age and are prevalent with chronic kidney disease. However, the role of oxidative stress markers as predictors for kidney function decline in the general population is unclear.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We investigated whether a baseline urinary excretion of oxidative DNA damage (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine [8-oxodG]) and ... -
Mild Albuminuria Is a Risk Factor for Faster GFR Decline in the Nondiabetic Population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-08)<i>Introduction</i>: A minimal increase in the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) predicts cardiovascular disease and mortality, but whether it predicts kidney function loss in nondiabetic persons is unclear. We investigated the association between ACR in the optimal or high-normal range and the rate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline in a cohort from the general population without diabetes, ...
