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norskFakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1721-1740 of 5710
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Indirect food web interactions mediated by rodent cycles: Relative roles of lemmings and voles
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-12-23)Production cycles in birds are proposed as prime cases of indirect interactions in food webs. They are thought to be driven by predators switching from rodents to bird nests in the crash phase of rodent population cycles. Although rodent cycles are geographically widespread and found in different rodent taxa, bird production cycles appear to be most profound in the high Arctic where lemmings ... -
Kan kornkrisen redde flere brød?
(Chronicle; Kronikk, 2022-03-27)Krig, nedbør og økte priser på olje, kunstgjødsel og papiremballasje fører til kornkrise som gjør at Ola og Kari Nordmann må betale mer for sitt daglige brød i tiden fremover. -
Response and resilience of the microbial methane filter to ecosystem changes in Arctic peatlands
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-30)<p>Climate change is a major concern in the Arctic region, as large amounts of organic carbon (C) are stored in permafrost soils and sediments. Increasing average temperatures have the potential to release that C and making it available to biologic activity. Carbon-rich, anoxic soils such as peatlands are inhabited by methanogenic archaea that can metabolize by-products of microbial C decomposition ... -
Towards a unifying pan-arctic perspective: A conceptual modelling toolkit
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-17)The Arctic Ocean is overwhelmingly forced by its lateral boundaries, and interacts with, the global system. For the development of nested conceptual models of the Arctic Ocean ecosystem we here choose the full pan-Arctic as our focal scale. Understanding the pan-Arctic scale, however, requires that we look at the underlying scales of its major components, by considering regionality, connectivity and ... -
Transcriptome analysis reveals a high aerobic capacity in the whale brain
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-30)The brain of diving mammals is repeatedly exposed to low oxygen conditions (hypoxia) that would have caused severe damage to most terrestrial mammals. Some whales may dive for > 2 h with their brain remaining active. Many of the physiological adaptations of whales to diving have been investigated, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that enable their brain to survive sometimes ... -
Pelagic ecosystem dynamics between late autumn and the post spring bloom in a sub-Arctic fjord
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-13)Marine ecosystems, and particularly fjords, are experiencing an increasing level of human activity on a yearround basis, including the poorly studied winter period. To improve the knowledge base for environmentally sustainable management in all seasons, this study provides hydrographic and biological baseline data for the sub-Arctic fjord Kaldfjorden, Northern Norway (69.7 N, 18.7 E), between ... -
Thyroid hormone and seasonal rhythmicity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-02-26)Living organisms show seasonality in a wide array of functions such as reproduction, fattening, hibernation, and migration. At temperate latitudes, changes in photoperiod maintain the alignment of annual rhythms with predictable changes in the environment.The appropriate physiological response to changing photoperiod in mammals requires retinal detection of light and pineal secretion of melatonin, ... -
Circuit-level analysis identifies target genes of sex steroids in ewe seasonal breeding
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-15)Thyroid hormone (TH) and estradiol (E2) direct seasonal switches in ovine reproductive physiology. In sheep, as in other mammals and birds, control of thyrotropin (TSH) production by the pars tuberalis (PT) links photoperiod responsiveness to seasonal breeding. PT-derived TSH governs opposite seasonal patterns of the TH deiodinases Dio2/Dio3 expression in tanycytes of the neighboring medio-basal ... -
What promotes motivation and learning in project management students?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-10)This article discusses what promotes motivation and learning in students of project management. It is based on a qualitative study with six students from different project groups at a higher education institution in Norway. The study shows that ownership of self-chosen projects and regular feedback from the supervisor lead to hard work, intrinsic motivation and learning in all phases of the project. ... -
En studie av sammenhengen mellom budsjett og aktivitet i spesialisthelsetjenesten
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-06-02)Bakgrunnen for denne avhandlingen bygger på utfordringene i helsesektoren, som tar en stadig økende andel av bruttonasjonalproduktet. Innen økonomistyring er det svært mange ulike faktorer som kan analyseres for å bidra til å belyse denne problematikken. Vår avhandling fokuserer på forholdet mellom det som blir ansett som det viktigste styringsverktøyet i offentlig sektor, budsjettet, opp mot ... -
Arctic deep-sea benthos: biodiversity, biological traits, and food webs
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-24)Understanding Arctic deep-sea ecosystem structure and functioning is an urgent task because ongoing sea-ice reduction modifies and opens up these regions for resource exploitation. This thesis aims to increase knowledge on epibenthos in the Chukchi Borderland (deep Arctic Ocean). Paper I documents low epifaunal densities and biomass, a total of 152 taxa, and dominance of Echinodermata, Arthropoda ... -
Highly Productive Ice Algal Mats in Arctic Melt Ponds: Primary Production and Carbon Turnover
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-12)Arctic summer sea ice extent is decreasing and thinning, forming melt ponds that cover more than 50% of the sea ice area during the peak of the melting season. Despite of this, ice algal communities in melt ponds are understudied and so are their contribution to the Arctic Ocean primary production and carbon turnover. While melt ponds have been considered as low productive, recent studies suggest ... -
Hvilke forventninger har ansatte til sine ledere? En undersøkelse av lederforventninger blant ansatte i Åkerblå Group AS
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-06-01)I oppgaven undersøker vi hvilke forventninger ansatte i Åkerblå Group har til sine ledere. Vi skiller de ansatte på alder og kjønn, og ser etter likheter og forskjeller mellom disse to gruppene. Alder skilles mellom 18 og 40 år og 41 år eller eldre. Forskningsdesignet er kvantitativt og vi har benyttet oss av et eksisterende og godt utprøvd spørreskjema, LBDQ - Leadership Behaviour Description ... -
Utprøving av en moderne strategimetode - Scenarioer i havbruksnæringen som strategisk beslutningsstøtte for Grovfjord Mek. Verksted
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-06-01)Oppgaven gir en kort teoretisk introduksjon til begrepene strategisk planlegging, strategisk beslutning og scenarioplanlegging. Kvaliteten på beslutninger er sterkt knyttet til grad av bevissthet, rasjonalitet og kunnskap. En god strategisk beslutning er en beslutning som bidrar til å oppnå strategiske mål. For å fatte en god strategisk beslutning må beslutningstaker være bevisst på hvilke valg som ... -
Progress in fish gastrointestinal microbiota research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-02)The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota of vertebrates plays critical roles in nutrition, development, immunity and resistance against invasive pathogens. In the past decade, research of the GI microbiota of mammals has drastically increased our knowledge on the microbiota and their relationship with health and disease. However, our understanding of fish intestinal microbiota is limited. This ... -
Fauna crime: elucidating the potential source and introduction history of European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus L.) into Lake Storsjøen, Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-05-01)The ability to accurately determine the original source of invading species offers several powerful applications in invasive species ecology and management and may enable important information on the invading species in its native habitat. Lake Storsjøen in South-Central Norway was recently found to have been subjected to an illegal translocation of the European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus). The ... -
Round-trip migration and energy budget of a breeding female humpback whale in the Northeast Atlantic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-27)In the northern hemisphere, humpback whales (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>) typically migrate between summer/autumn feeding grounds at high latitudes, and specific winter/spring breeding grounds at low latitudes. Northeast Atlantic (NEA) humpback whales for instance forage in the Barents Sea and breed either in the West Indies, or the Cape Verde Islands, undertaking the longest recorded mammalian ... -
Antimicrobial peptides from the Arctic ascidian Synoicum turgens
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-17)The rise in frequency of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria makes the need for new treatment options for previously curable bacterial infections ever more important. In the process of discovering and developing antibacterial agents, one powerful approach has been borrowing wisdom from nature. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical components of the innate immune systems found in almost all ... -
Oceanic drivers of juvenile sea turtle strandings in the UK.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-05)Juvenile sea turtles can disperse thousands of kilometers from nesting beaches to oceanic development habitats, aided by ocean currents. In the North Atlantic, turtles dispersing from American beaches risk being advected out of warm nursery grounds in the North Atlantic Gyre into lethally cold northern European waters (e.g. around the UK). We used an ocean model simulation to compare simulated ... -
The teleost polymeric Ig receptor counterpart in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) differs from pIgR in higher vertebrates
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-13)As mucosal barriers in fish are the main sites where pathogens are encountered, mucosal immunity is crucial to avoid infection in the aquatic environment. In teleost fish, immunoglobulins are present in gut, gill and skin mucus, although not in the same amounts as in higher vertebrates. In mammals, the poly-Ig receptor (pIgR) is synthesized in epithelial cells and mediates the active transport ...
