Fisheries management is moving from a single-species to an ecosystem-based approach to better balance the technical, biological, and economic aspects of the many mixed-species fisheries in the world. Most mixed fisheries are conducted with trawl gears, which have a hereditary challenge of providing a species and size selectivity that meets the development in management objectives of reducing unwanted ...

Zooplankton consumption of sinking aggregates affects the quality and quantity of organic carbon exported to the deep ocean. Increasing laboratory evidence shows that small particle-associated copepods impact the flux attenuation by feeding on sinking particles, but this has not been quantified in situ. We investigated the impact of an abundant particle-colonizing copepod, Microsetella norvegica, ...

Background Plankton is the essential ecological category that occupies the lower levels of aquatic trophic networks, representing a good indicator of environmental change. However, most studies deal with distribution of single species or taxa and do not take into account the complex of biological interactions of the real world that rule the ecological processes.<p> <p>Results This study focused ...

Phytoplankton communities and production in Arctic fjords undergo strong seasonal variations. Phytoplankton blooms are periods with high primary production, leading to elevated algal biomass fueling higher trophic levels. Blooms are typically driven bottom-up by light and nutrient availability but may also be top-down controlled by grazing. While phytoplankton spring blooms are common across all ...

Piscine red blood cells (RBC) are nucleated and have been characterized as mediators of immune responses in addition to their role in gas exchange. Salmonid RBC are major target cells of Piscine orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1), the etiological agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). PRV-1 replicates in RBC ex vivo, but no viral amplification has been ...

The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived ...

Ongoing Arctic greening can increase productivity and reindeer pasture quality in the tundra. However, greening may also entail proliferation of unpalatable species, with consequences for pastoral socialecological systems. Here we show extensive greening across 20 reindeer districts in Norway between 2003 and 2020, which has reduced pasture diversity. The allelopathic, evergreen dwarf-shrub crowberry ...

Denne oppgaven dreier seg om hvordan norske arbeidstakere opplever WLB. Målet med oppgaven var å se på hvordan individuell variasjon i WLB kan forklares, og hvilke virkninger god eller dårlig WLB har for den enkelte arbeidstaker. For å kunne gjøre dette måtte vi først utarbeide en WLB indeks. Den fungerte som et mål for opplevd WLB blant de ansatte. WLB indeksen ble utarbeidet med bakgrunn i teori ...

Mellomledere er i en krevende posisjon hvor de forventes å være proaktive og dyktige i sin posisjon som leder. Hvordan mellomlederen sin erfaring bidrar til og kunne tolke og forstå endringen sin intensjon for så implementere dette i endringsprosessen vil være spesielt viktig for en organisasjons fremtidig vekst og overlevelse. Denne studien tar for seg mellomledere sine erfaringer med ...

Denne masteroppgaven omhandler motivasjon hos helsepersonell som arbeider i sykehjem. Oppgaven baseres på empiri innhentet fra en skriftlig kartleggingsundersøkelse og intervju av syv personer som arbeider som helsepersonell i sykehjem. Bakgrunnen for studien baseres på de utfordringer som foreligger med å utdanne, rekruttere og beholde kompetent helsepersonell i kommunehelsesektoren. Undersøkelsen ...