Disease resistance of fish larvae may be improved by bath treatment in water containing immunostimulants. Pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR3, TLR7, and MDA5, work as an “early warning” to induce intracellular signaling and facilitate an antiviral response. A single bath of newly hatched larvae, with Astragalus, upregulated the expression of IFNα, IFNc, ISG15, MDA5, PKR, STAT1, TLR3, and ...

Rømning av oppdrettslaks medfører til uønsket genetisk innblanding i den ville laksebestanden, noe som resulterer i dårligere ytelse og overlevelse hos den ville laksen. I tillegg er kjønnsmodning av oppdrettslaksen et velferdsproblem, da dette medfører en rekke negative effekter for fisken, blant disse redusert vekst, immunrespons og hypo- osmoregulatoriske evner. En mulig løsning på disse problemene ...

The discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 as a gene editing tool has revolutionized the field of molecular biology due to its huge potential for innovative applications. However, the biosafety concerns on CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing like off-target mutations, triggering of cell death, and induction of cellular stress need to be elucidated. This thesis aims to investigate the impacts of electroporation ...

Since the late 1980s, Norwegian fishers have been subjected to a cohesive regulatory regime aimed at sustainable resource management. Despite high occupational injury rates and exposure to several factors that may influence health negatively, regulation of occupational health and safety (OHS) came late in fishing compared with other industries. Fisheries management and safety management are not ...

Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days at 6–7∘C) combined with episodic summer nitrogen (+N) depositions (5 kg N ha-1) on plant winter physiology, ...

Nepal is a poor country where the problems of poverty and food insecurity is very much evident. Aquaculture has been identified as one of the major sectors that could bring about the changes in the lives of poor communities through employment, food security and income. Currently, the Government of Nepal has identified and recognized the contribution of aquaculture towards poverty alleviation and ...

Ben Tre is among Vietnam’s 10 most vulnerable provinces to climate change. Thus, in this study we investigated impacts of sea level rise, salt water intrusion, typhoon and erosion on three coastal communes in Ben Tre and corresponding adaptations. Three focus group discussions were conducted to identify impacts of climatic events and vulnerable sectors. The household survey of 300 respondents followed ...

Environmentally sustainable aquaculture depends on accurate understanding of the impacts of aquaculture-derived organic matter (AOM) and the ability of aquaculture systems to absorb and dilute perturbations. To this end, the present study assessed the impacts of AOM from cage culture of Nile tilapia on the ecology of Lake Victoria, Kenya, using fish cages near Anyanga Beach in Siaya County from ...

Ghana’s find of oil and gas in commercial quantities marks the beginning of a billion-dollar industry. The exploration and production of it is a major industrial development but its negative impacts on fisheries can never be underestimated. The research questions to be answered are: how is it likely that the fisheries in Ghana will be affected by the expanding oil and gas activities? What kinds of ...

With increasing activities of multiple sectors in marine spaces, management of marine social–ecological systems requires more holistic approaches. Adopting such an approach, however, presents difficult institutional and disciplinary challenges. Here, we use the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) as a case study on the implementation of ecosystem-based management (EBM) and ...