The catch efficiency of two types of groundgear—a conventional rockhopper and a new type of groundgear called the semicircular spreading gear (SCSG)—was investigated through experimental fishing for Haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus conducted in the Barents Sea. A retainer bag was attached behind the footrope of the trawl, and the number of fish that were overrun by the trawl was compared with the ...

There is general pressure throughout the world’s fisheries for the industry to have greater involvement not only in the development of fishing gears but also in the testing and documentation of their effect. In the European Union, the Common Fisheries Policy of 2013, together with the proposed reform of the technical measures regulation, highlights the need for greater flexibility in fisheries through ...

Molecular gut-content analysis has revolutionized the study of food webs and feeding interactions, allowing the detection of prey DNA within the gut of many organisms. However, successful prey detection is a challenging procedure in which many factors affect every step, starting from the DNA extraction process. Spiders are liquid feeders with branched gut diverticula extending into their legs and ...

Antimikrobielle midler har revolusjonert medisinen i det 20. århundre ved å gi effektiv behandling mot infeksjonssykdommer. Mikroorganismer har imidlertid evnen til å utvikle reistens mot slike stoffer. Bruk av antimikrobielle midler bidrar til utvikling av resistente stammer. Det er viktig å forsøke å hindre resistens mot antimikrobielle stoffer som vi er avhengige av for behandling av smittsomme ...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important effector molecules in innate immunity. Here we briefly summarize characteristic traits of AMPs and their mechanisms of antimicrobial activity. Echinoderms live in a microbe-rich marine environment and are known to express a wide range of AMPs. We address two novel AMP families from coelomocytes of sea urchins: cysteine-rich AMPs (strongylocins) and ...

Pulmonarins A and B are two new dibrominated marine acetylcholinesterase inhibitors that were isolated and characterized from the sub-Arctic ascidian <i>Synoicum pulmonaria</i> collected off the Norwegian coast. The structures of natural pulmonarins A and B were tentatively elucidated by spectroscopic methods and later verified by comparison with synthetically prepared material. Both pulmonarins A ...

The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-repeat 1 (TRPA1) is an important player in pain and inflammatory pathways. It is a promising target for novel drugs development for treatment of a number of pathological states. A novel peptide producing significant potentiating effect (up to ~90%) on AITC- and diclofenac-induced currents of TRPA1 was isolated from the venom of sea anemone <i>Metridium ...

Caligid sea lice represent a significant threat to salmonid aquaculture worldwide. Population genetic analyses have consistently shown minimal population genetic structure in North Atlantic <i>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</i>, frustrating efforts to track louse populations and improve targeted control measures. The aim of this study was to test the power of reduced representation library sequencing ...

In this paper, we draw attention to the role of synergies in marine conservation and community sustainability. Using marine protected areas (MPAs) as examples, we argue that MPAs that are carefully designed to fit the existing social systems can be instrumental in synergy building and fostering community development. Such synergy creation is an essential governance strategy that helps enhance ...

Creel catch performance is known to be affected by the soak time in many fisheries. If creels maintained their efficiency over longer periods, increase in soak time should lead to proportional increase in catch quantity. However, the exact shape of this relationship is unknown for creel fisheries targeting Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus). If it was known fishermen could adjust their fishing ...