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Bioassay-Guided Fractionation Leads to the Detection of Cholic Acid Generated by the Rare Thalassomonas sp.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-20)Bacterial symbionts of marine invertebrates are rich sources of novel, pharmaceutically relevant natural products that could become leads in combatting multidrug-resistant pathogens and treating disease. In this study, the bioactive potential of the marine invertebrate symbiont Thalassomonas actiniarum was investigated. Bioactivity screening of the strain revealed Gram-positive specific antibacterial ... -
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing in Salmonids Cells and Efficient Establishment of Edited Clonal Cell Lines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-19)Finfish production has seen over three-fold increase in the past 30 years (1990–2020), and Atlantic salmon (A. salmon; salmo salar) accounted for approximately 32.6% of the total marine and coastal aquaculture of all finfish species in the year 2020, making it one of the most profitable farmed fish species globally. This growth in production is, however, threatened by a number of problems which can ... -
Spatiotemporal Metabolic Network Models Reveal Complex Autotroph-Heterotroph Biofilm Interactions Governed by Photon Incidences
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-05)Autotroph-heterotroph interactions are ubiquitous in natural environment and play a key role in controlling various essential ecosystem functions, such as production and utilization of organic matter, cycling of nitrogen, sulfur, and other chemical elements. Understanding how these biofilm metabolic interactions are constrained in space and time remains challenging because fully predictive models ... -
Effect of the Nordmøre grid bar spacing on size selectivity, catch efficiency and bycatch of the Barents Sea Northern shrimp fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-27)The introduction of the Nordmøre grid in shrimp trawls has reduced the bycatch of non-target species. In the Norwegian Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) fishery, the mandatory selective gear consists of a Nordmøre grid with 19 mm bar spacing combined with a 35 mm mesh size diamond mesh codend. However, fish bycatch in shrimp trawls remains a challenge and further modifications of the gear that ... -
GATA-3 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Tissue distribution and its regulation of IL-4/13a promoter
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-14)GATA3 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in T cell lineage differentiation and T-helper 2 (Th2) type immune responses. In this study, we developed two rat antibodies against Atlantic salmon GATA-3 (anti-rSsGATA-3a and anti-rSsGATA-3b, respectively). The western blotting and immunofluorescence results showed that anti-rSsGATA-3b antibodies recognized endogenous SsGATA-3 proteins, ... -
Migration patterns of Greenland halibut in the North Atlantic revealed by a compiled mark-recapture dataset
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-18)Marine fisheries are often allocated to stocks that reflect pragmatic considerations and may not represent the species’ spatial population structure, increasing the risk of mismanagement and unsustainable harvesting. Here we compile mark–recapture data collected across the North Atlantic to gain insight into the spatial population structure of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides), an ... -
Escape of hake (Merluccius merluccius), horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in codends with shortened lastridge ropes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-02)Diamond meshes in trawl codends have limited openness, which reduces escape opportunities for roundfish. Shortening the lastridge ropes (LR) attached to codend selvedges can increase the availability of open meshes resulting in higher chances of escape. However, this availability does not imply optimal mesh openness, nor does it guarantee use. We estimate the escape probability of hake, horse mackerel ... -
Using DNA Metabarcoding to Characterize the Prey Spectrum of Two Co-Occurring Themisto Amphipods in the Rapidly Changing Atlantic-Arctic Gateway Fram Strait
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-04)The two congeneric hyperiids Themisto libellula and T. abyssorum provide an important trophic link between lower and higher trophic levels in the rapidly changing Arctic marine ecosystem. These amphipods are characterized by distinct hydrographic affinities and are hence anticipated to be impacted differently by environmental changes, with major consequences for the Arctic food web. In this ... -
Self-reported medication information needs among medication users in a general population aged 40 years and above – the Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-25)Purpose: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported medication information needs among medication users in a general population aged 40 years and above – The Tromsø Study.<p> <p>Methods: Cross-sectional study of medication users (n=10,231) among participants in the Tromsø Study, a descriptive analysis of questionnaire data and multivariable logistic regression (n=9,194). Results: ... -
The Effect of Gut Microbiota and Probiotics on Metabolism in Fish and Shrimp
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-03)The present paper presents an overview of the effects of gut microbiota and probiotics on lipid-, carbohydrate-, protein- and amino acid metabolism in fish and shrimp. In probiotic fish studies, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model is the most frequently used, and probiotic administration reveals the effect on glucose homeostasis, anti-lipidemic effects and increasing short-chain fatty acids, and ... -
Kapasitetsutvikling og konkurranseforhold – Utvalgte grupper i kystflåten
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022-11-11)Denne rapporten oppsummerer resultatene fra prosjektet Drivere for, samt effekten av, kapasitetsutvikling i fiskeflåten finansiert av Fiskeri- og havbruksnæringens forskningsfinansiering (FHF).<p> <p>Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom Nofima og Norges Arktiske Universitet (UiT) og er gjennomført i perioden 2021 til 2022. Det innebærer blant annet at prosjektet er gjennomført i en periode med ... -
Quantification of catch composition in fisheries: A methodology and its application to compare biodegradable and nylon gillnets
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-01)When evaluating fishing gear catches, the focus is often on a few species as opposed to the entire catch. In some fisheries this can lead to ignoring major part of catch composition. Thus, there is a need for a more holistic approach when evaluating the ecological impact of using a specific fishing gear and when comparing two or more gears. In this context, it is relevant to have a method that ... -
Flashing lights affect the photophysiology and expression of carotenoid and lipid synthesis genes in Nannochloropsis gaditana
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-20)Nannochloropsis gaditana is a promising microalga for biotechnology. One of the strategies to stimulate its full potential in metabolite production is exposure to flashing lights. Here, we report how N. gaditana adapts to different flashing light regimes (5, 50, and 500 Hz) by changing its cellular physiology and the relative expression of genes related to critical cellular functions. We analyzed ... -
Selective isolation of Arctic marine actinobacteria and a down-scaled fermentation and extraction strategy for identifying bioactive compounds
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-21)Actinobacteria are among the most prolific producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. In order to collect Arctic marine bacteria for the discovery of new bioactive metabolites, actinobacteria were selectively isolated during a research cruise in the Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea. In the frame of the isolation campaign, it was investigated how different sample treatments, isolation ... -
The Effect of Buffer Towing on Quality Aspects of Frozen and Thawed Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-16)A large part of the Northeast Atlantic cod caught with trawls is landed frozen, processed, and sold thawed. Many trawlers have adapted a fishing practice termed ‘buffer towing’, causing probability for poor exsanguination and fillet redness. Here, the effect of buffer towing upon color and hemoglobin concentration in cod loin section is studied, and the development of TVB-N during chilled storage ... -
Streptococcosis a Re-Emerging Disease in Aquaculture: Significance and Phytotherapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-16)Streptococcosis, particularly that caused by S. iniae and S. agalactiae, is a major re-emerging bacterial disease seriously affecting the global sustainability of aquaculture development. Despite a wide spread of the disease in aquaculture, few studies have been directed at assessing the in vitro antagonistic activity and in vivo efficacy of medicinal herbs and other plants against streptococcal ... -
Ice Cod Arctogadus glacialis (Peters, 1874) in Northeast Greenland—A First Sketch of Spatial Occurrence and Abundance
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-17)Based on bottom trawl catches during the years 2002–2017, we present the first large-scale baseline on the spatial distribution and abundance of ice cod Arctogadus glacialis (Peters, 1874) in the fjords and on the shelf in Northeast Greenland (latitudes 70 °N–78 °N). Ice cod abundance peaked in the secluded sill fjords such as Bessel Fjord, Brede Fjord, Clavering Ø fjord system and Kong Oscar Fjord ... -
Before Virtuous Practice. Public and Private Sector-Specific Preferences for Intuition and Deliberation in Decision-Making
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-26)Fast and intuitive thinking, as well as emotions, play a large role in decision-making. The sociology of wise practice within public administration also suggests that thinking preferences like the use of intuition form a cornerstone of public administrators’ virtuous practice. This contribution uses conceptual and theoretical resources from behavioral sciences and public administration to find out ... -
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Short Analogues of the Marine Antimicrobial Peptide Turgencin A: Effects of SAR Optimizations, Cys-Cys Cyclization and Lipopeptide Modifications
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-10)We have synthesised short analogues of the marine antimicrobial peptide Turgencin A from the colonial Arctic ascidian Synoicum turgens. In this study, we focused on a central, cationic 12-residue Cys-Cys loop region within the sequence. Modified (tryptophan- and arginine-enriched) linear peptides were compared with Cys-Cys cyclic derivatives, and both linear and Cys-cyclic peptides were N-terminally ... -
Accounting for Uncertainties in Biodiversity Estimations: A New Methodology and Its Application to the Mesopelagic Sound Scattering Layer of the High Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-27)Measures of biological diversity (biodiversity) are important for monitoring the state of ecosystems. Several indices and methods are used to describe biodiversity from field observations. Marine faunal biodiversity is often quantified based on analysis of samples collected using a trawl during research surveys. To monitor spatial and temporal changes in biodiversity between surveys, samples are ...
