• Socio-Demographic, Lifestyle, and Cardiometabolic Characteristics Associated with Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Russian Adult Population 

      Mirolyubova, Olga; Kholmatova, Kamila Kahramonzhonovna; Postoeva, Anna; Kostrova, Galina; Malyutina, Sofia; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-14)
      Mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is higher in Russia compared to other European countries. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a biomarker of inflammation, and its elevated levels indicate increased CVD risks. We aim to describe the prevalence of low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) and the associated factors in a Russian population. The Know Your Heart cross-sectional ...
    • Socioeconomic inequalities in physiological risk biomarkers and the role of lifestyles among Russians aged 35-69 years 

      Trias-Llimós, Sergi; Cook, Sarah; Eggen, Anne Elise; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Malyutina, Sofia; Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Leon, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-15)
      Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular (CVD) health outcomes are well documented. While Russia has one of the highest levels of CVD mortality in the world, the literature on contemporary socio-economic inequalities in biomarker CVD risk factors is sparse. This paper aims to assess the extent and the direction of SEP inequalities in established physiological CVD risk biomarkers, ...
    • Studying accelerated cardiovascular ageing in Russian adults through a novel deep-learning ECG biomarker 

      Benavente, Ernest Diez; Jimenez-Lopez, Francisco; Attia, Zachi I.; Malyutina, Sofia; Kudryavtsev, Alexander; Ryabikov, Andrey; Friedman, Paul A.; Kapa, Suraj; Voevoda, Michael; Perel, Pablo; Schirmer, Henrik; Hughes, Alun D.; Clark, Taane; Leon, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-25)
      Background: A non-invasive, easy-to-access marker of accelerated cardiac ageing would provide novel insights into the mechanisms and aetiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as contribute to risk stratification of those who have not had a heart or circulatory event. Our hypothesis is that differences between an ECG-predicted and chronologic age of participants (δage) would reflect accelerated ...
    • Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources 

      Shkolnikov, Vladimir M.; Churilova, Elena; Jdanov, Dmitrii; Shalnova, Svetlana A; Nilssen, Odd-Ragnar; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Cook, Sarah Anne; Malyutina, Sofia; McKee, Martin; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-23)
      <i>Background</i> - The study aims at identifying long-term trends and patterns of current smoking by age, gender, and education in Russia, including the most recent period from 2008 during which tobacco control policies were implemented, and to estimate the impact on mortality of any reductions in prevalence. We present an in-depth analysis based on an unprecedentedly large array of survey ...
    • Uncontrolled and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension: a cross-sectional study of Russian and Norwegian 40–69 year olds 

      Petersen, Jakob; Malyutina, Sofia; Ryabikov, Andrey; Kontsevaya, Anna; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Eggen, Anne Elise; McKee, Martin; Cook, Sarah Anne; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Schirmer, Henrik; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-13)
      <i>Background</i> - Uncontrolled hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor. We examined uncontrolled hypertension and differences in treatment regimens between a high-risk country, Russia, and low-risk Norway to gain better understanding of the underlying factors.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - Population-based survey data on 40–69 year olds with hypertension defined as taking antihypertensives ...
    • Untreated hypertension in Russian 35-69 year olds – a cross-sectional study 

      Petersen, Jakob; Kontsevaya, Anna V; McKee, Martin; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Malyutina, Sofia; Cook, Sarah Anne; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-29)
      <i>Background</i> - The Russian Federation has among the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the world and a high rate of untreated hypertension remains an important risk factor. Understanding who is at greatest risk is important to inform approaches to primary prevention.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - 2,353 hypertensive 35–69 year olds were selected from a population-based study, Know Your ...
    • What factors explain the much higher diabetes prevalence in Russia compared with Norway? Major sex differences in the contribution of adiposity 

      Iakunchykova, Olena; Averina, Maria; Wilsgaard, Tom; Malyutina, Sofia; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Cook, Sarah; Wild, Sarah; Eggen, Anne Elise; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Leon, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-04)
      <i>Introduction</i> - Compared with many other countries Russia has a high prevalence of diabetes in men and women. However, contrary to what is found in most other populations, the risk is greater among women than men. The reasons for this are unclear.<br><br> <i>Research design and methods</i> - Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes at ages 40–69 years were compared in two population-based ...
    • Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage 

      Iakunchykova, Olena; Averina, Maria; Wilsgaard, Tom; Watkins, Hugh; Malyutina, Sofia; Ragino, Yulia; Keogh, Ruth; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Govorun, Vadim; Cook, Sarah Anne; Schirmer, Henrik; Eggen, Anne Elise; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-15)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Russia has one of the highest rates of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). At age 35–69 years, they are eight times higher than in neighbouring Norway. Comparing profiles of blood-based CVD biomarkers between these two populations can help identify reasons for this substantial difference in risk. <p><i>Methods - </i>We compared age-standardised mean levels of CVD ...