Spatial boundaries have become an indispensable part of regimes and tools for regulating fisheries, with examples including marine protected areas, regional fisheries management organizations and Exclusive Economic Zones. Yet, it is also widely acknowledged that boundaries are a social construct, which may be resisted by both fishers and fish ecology. The ensuing spatial and institutional mismatches ...

Assessing the impact of human development on animals is complicated by the fact that overt effects may have covert causes. Cryptic impacts (sensu Raiter et al. 2014) can arise where sensory stimuli to which species respond fall outside the human sensory range. Ultraviolet (UV) light, which is detected by a range of nonprimate mammals, is a potential example. We review evidence that dark-adapted eyes ...

The Earth’s atmosphere and the Earth’s magnetic field protects local life by shielding us against Solar particle flows, just like the sun’s magnetic field deflects cosmic particle radiation. Generally, magnetic fields can affect terrestrial life such as migrating animals. Thus, terrestrial life is connected to astronomical interrelations between different magnetic fields, particle flows and ...

Aims To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of dental erosion (DE) among a group of adolescents in Stockholm County.<p> <p>Materials and methods This cross sectional cohort study was conducted at three clinics of the Public Dental Service in Stockholm County. Fifteen and 17 year old adolescents (1335) who scheduled their regular dental health examination were asked to participate. After ...

Zooplankton abundance and community structures were studied in three west Spitsbergen fjords at the beginning of the warm phase, which seem to have entered in 2006. Sampling was conducted in summer 2007 at stations distributed along transects in Hornsund, Isfjorden and Kongsfjorden. Variations in zooplankton standing stocks and community structures (assessing taxonomic diversity and zoogeographical ...

Objectives To assess the association between occupational exposure to asbestos and the risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CC).<p> <p>Methods We conducted a case–control study nested in the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) cohort. We studied 1458 intrahepatic CC (ICC) and 3972 extrahepatic CC (ECC) cases occurring among subjects born in 1920 or later in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Each ...

Background: Helicobacter pylori are major carcinogen of gastric cancer, but the associations among gastric cancer, H. pylori infection status, and alcohol consumption are not fully described. This study aimed to clarify how H. pylori infection status affects the association between alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk.<p> <p>Methods: We selected 949 case–cohort participants from the 18 863 ...

When the 1993 Kirkenes Declaration was ratified, the governments of Russia, Finland, Sweden, and Norway “expressed their conviction that expanded co-operation in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region (BEAR) will contribute substantially to stability and progress in the area and in Europe as a whole.” (Kirkenes Declaration 1993). Over 20 years later, and as we move forward, this goal is even more important ...

In birds with extrapair mating, older males usually have higher fertilization success than younger males. Two hypotheses can potentially explain this pattern: 1) females prefer older, and often more ornamented males, or 2) older males invest more in reproduction and fertility than younger males. Here we studied factors associated with age-related male fertilization success in a population of barn ...

This study evaluated the performance of the MBT STAR-Carba kit (Bruker Daltonics), to detect carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. in comparison with the RAPIDEC® CARBA NP test (BioMerieux). MBT STAR-Carba allowed the detection of carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa.