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Terrestrial locomotion of the Svalbard rock ptarmigan: comparing field and laboratory treadmill studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-07)Research into the terrestrial locomotion of birds is often based upon laboratory treadmill experiments. However, it is unclear how transposable these results are for birds moving in the wild. Here, using video recordings, we compared the kinematics of locomotion (stride frequency, stride length, stance phase, swing phase, duty factor) and speed range of Svalbard rock ptarmigan (<i>Lagopus muta ... -
Responsible for responsibility? A study of digital e-health startups
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-30)Responsible innovation (RI) has received increased attention from policymakers and academics as a solution to grand challenges and is viewed as the main driver for innovation. The United Nations has suggested 17 Sustainable Development Goals and responsible innovation can be seen as a tool that allows the movement of society towards reducing inequality, coping with environmental challenges and ... -
Structural Breaks or Continuous Adjustments in Grain Production and Prices 1961-2014? An Explorative Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019-06-30)This article analyses grain production and prices 1961-2014. We first describe the development in aggregated and relative allocation of land worldwide for wheat, corn and soybeans, and the growth in production volumes and yields. We then proceed by analyzing long-term price relationships. Finding that grain prices are strongly co-integrated, we estimate an Error Correction Model to see whether ... -
The epidemiology of zoonotic brucellosis in Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-26)<p><i>Background - </i>In this study, we focused on three zoonotic brucellosis risk groups; abattoir workers, febrile cases at Wau hospital and cattle herders, in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan. Competitive c-ELISA was used to detect anti-<i>Brucella</i> antibodies in 725 individuals between December 2015 and May 2016. In addition, questionnaire metadata, focus group discussions and key informant ... -
Phylogenetic Reclassification of Vertebrate Melatonin Receptors To Include Mel1d
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-01)The circadian and seasonal actions of melatonin are mediated by high affinity G-protein coupled receptors (melatonin receptors, MTRs), classified into phylogenetically distinct subtypes based on sequence divergence and pharmacological characteristics. Three vertebrate MTR subtypes are currently described: MT1 (MTNR1A), MT2 (MTNR1B), and Mel1c (MTNR1C / GPR50), which exhibit distinct affinities, ... -
Body weight and body mass index influence bone mineral density in late adolescence in a two-year follow-up study. The Tromsø Study: Fit Futures
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-04)Determinants of bone acquisition in late adolescence and early adulthood are not well‐described. This 2‐year follow‐up study explored the associations of body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and changes in weight status with adolescent bone accretion in a sample of 651 adolescents (355 girls and 296 boys) between 15 and 19 years of age from The Tromsø Study: Fit Futures. This Norwegian ... -
Seasonal shifts in feeding patterns: Individual and population realized specialization in a high Arctic fish
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-21)Species with a broad and flexible diet may be at an advantage in a rapidly changing environment such as in today's Arctic ecosystems. Polar cod (<i>Boreogadus saida</i>), an abundant and ecologically important circumpolar Arctic fish, is often described as a zooplankton generalist feeder, which suggests that it may cope successfully with changes in prey composition. This description is justified ... -
The PI3K and MAPK/p38 pathways control stress granule assembly in a hierarchical manner
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-28)All cells and organisms exhibit stress-coping mechanisms to ensure survival. Cytoplasmic protein-RNA assemblies termed stress granules are increasingly recognized to promote cellular survival under stress. Thus, they might represent tumor vulnerabilities that are currently poorly explored. The translation-inhibitory eIF2α kinases are established as main drivers of stress granule assembly. Using a ... -
Seasonal constancy (summer vs. winter) of benthic size spectra in an Arctic fjord
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-08)Size spectra are important descriptors of community structure and can indicate changes in community functioning in response to shifts in environmental conditions. There are relatively few assessments of benthic size spectra, and most are based on summer samples alone. Processes influencing size spectra, such as recruitment and predation pressure, vary seasonally, and understanding this variation is ... -
Sylfjellet: a new outcrop of the Paleogene Van Mijenfjorden Group in Svalbard
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-05)A hitherto unrecognized Paleogene outcrop has been discovered at Sylfjellet, a mountain located at the northern side of Isfjorden, Svalbard. The strata, which cover an area of 0.8 km2, have until now been assigned to the Lower Cretaceous succession of the Adventdalen Group. In this study, the Sylfjellet site was studied in detail to provide an updated structural and sedimentological description of ... -
Multi-pathogen serological survey of migratory caribou herds: A snapshot in time
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-31)Pathogens can impact host survival, fecundity, and population dynamics even when no obvious disease is observed. Few baseline data on pathogen prevalence and diversity of caribou are available, which hampers our ability to track changes over time and evaluate impacts on caribou health. Archived blood samples collected from ten migratory caribou herds in Canada and two in Greenland were used to test ... -
A cross-sectional and 6-year follow-up study of associations between leisure time physical activity and vertebral fracture in adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-17)<i>Introduction</i>: Vertebral fractures are common osteoporotic fractures, affecting 2–46% of the population, causing morbidity and increased risk of mortality. Physical activity has beneficial effects for bone health, including increased bone mineral density and reduced hip fractures. However, evidence concerning prevention of vertebral fractures is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to ... -
Religion og etnisitet blant japansk-brasilianere. En studie i Tomé-Açu
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-11-08)This is a study of the diversity of religions found among Japanese-Brazilians living in the city of Quatro Bocas, in the municipality of Tomé-Açu, in the State of Pará, in the north of Brazil. It examines relations between religions and ethnicities. I conducted fieldwork, first in Quatro Bocas between September and October 2017, and then in the city of São Paulo in December 2018. I interviewed ... -
Ansvar for skade forårsaket av rein: om gjerdehold, objektivt ansvar og medvirkning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-15)Reindriftsloven pålegger reineiere et objektivt ansvar for skade rein forårsaket av rein. Ansvaret har røtter tilbake til 1883 og omtales av Reindriftslovutvalget som strengt og meget omfattende. Også bufeholdere har et objektivt ansvar for skade deres dyr forårsaker. I praksis kan imidlertid bufeholderes og reindriftsutøveres ansvar på dette området arte seg nokså ulikt. I 2007 fremmet Samerettsutvalget ... -
Workforce and Professional Education
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019-05-06)Given that the workforce constitutes a principal resource of primary care, appraisal of models of care requires thorough investigation of the health workforce in all Models of Child Health Appraised (MOCHA) countries. This chapter explores this in terms of workforce composition, remuneration, qualifications and training in relation to the needs of children and young people. We have focused on ... -
Latvian CDI: Methodology, developmental trends and cross-linguistic comparison
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-21)In this article, we report the results of a large-scale population study based on the Latvian adaptation of Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) – a parental report tool aimed at mapping the lexical and grammatical development of children under the age of three. Two CDI forms are discussed: CDI I: ‘Words and Gestures’ (8–16 months), and CDI II: ‘Words and Sentences’ (17–36 months). This article ... -
Service and boundary negotiations for children with complex care needs in Europe
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019-05-06)Improvements in neonatal and paediatric care mean that many children with complex care needs (CCNs) now survive into adulthood. This cohort of children places great challenges on health and social care delivery in the community: they require dynamic and responsive health and social care over a long period of time; they require organisational and delivery coordination functions; and health issues ... -
Steder, stedsfortellinger og livsmot
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-15)This essay develops an understanding of how attachment to place and how physical, virtual and symbolic places can nurture or constrain a person’s will to carry on and find meaning. The nursing home is presented as an illustration of a physical place and the online gaming world represents a virtual place. Young and old share stories of how the symbolic meaning of place or memories of place can nurture ... -
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Aid to Capacity Evaluation (ACE)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-14)Aid to Capacity Evaluation (ACE) er et semistrukturert beslutningshjelpemiddel som kan hjelpe klinikere til å vurdere pasienters beslutnings- eller samtykkekompetanse når pasienten skal ta en medisinsk beslutning. Skjemaet består av syv vurderingsområder som er vesentlige for pasientens beslutningskompetanse. Det tar 5–10 minutter å gjennomføre intervjuet. Den norske oversettelsen ble gjort i 2011 ... -
Natur, fortellinger og sykdomserfaringer - betydning for opplevelse av livsmot
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-14)This essay is based on a description of the live-giving space of nature. The sense of local belonging, the power of narrative and the listener’s susceptibility to impressions are live-giving phenomena in a situation where disease threatens. Disease often disrupts the life one wants to live. Narrating is related to one’s identity and can help maintain continuity in a life threatened by disease. A new ...