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Studentopprør mot geografisk narsissisme
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-27)Studenter og undervisere frykter dårligere kvalitet på medisinstudiet i Tromsø når 181 studenter får tilbud om plass til høsten. Vi mener nåværende studiekvalitet kan opprettholdes og forbedres ved å desentralisere studiet ytterligere. -
Less is more: Antibiotics at the beginning of life
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-27)Antibiotic exposure at the beginning of life can lead to increased antimicrobial resistance and perturbations of the developing microbiome. Early-life microbiome disruption increases the risks of developing chronic diseases later in life. Fear of missing evolving neonatal sepsis is the key driver for antibiotic overtreatment early in life. Bias (a systemic deviation towards overtreatment) and noise ... -
Differential profile of protumor immunological factors between the tumor site and the tumor-free site – predictive potential of IL-8 and COX2 for colorectal cancer and metastasis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-05)To study the role of host immune surveillance in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a set of protumor immunological factors was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) between the primary tumor and the adjacent tumor-free site tissues in 63 patients with colorectal neoplasms. Results showed that expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-23, and ... -
Hvordan endrer urbaniseringen det norske samfunnet?
(Chronicle; Kronikk, 2023)Norge har opplevd en betydelig urbanisering de siste tiårene. Dette endrer samfunnet politisk, sosialt og kulturelt. Dersom Oslo-eliten ikke forstår hvordan dette ser ut fra landsbygda, vil de få store utfordringer fremover. -
Disclosing quantitative RT-PCR raw data during manuscript submission: a call for action
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-14)Accuracy and transparency of scientific data are becoming more and more relevant with the increasing concern regarding the evaluation of data reproducibility in many research areas. This concern is also true for quantifying coding and noncoding RNAs, with the remarkable increase in publications reporting RNA profiling and sequencing studies. To address the problem, we propose the following ... -
Challenges in using patient involvement principles in substance use treatment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-13)Background - Health professionals are responsible for implementing patient involvement (PI) in the choice of treatment approach. Previous studies within the field of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment have shown positive patient experiences with PI. However, little is known about challenges experienced by health professionals in converting principles of PI into clinical practice.<p> <p>Aims ... -
Guidance on C-reactive protein point-of-care testing and complementary strategies to improve antibiotic prescribing for adults with lower respiratory tract infections in primary care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-30)The world faces the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance, and there is growing consensus that swift action must be taken to improve the rational use of antibiotics and increase the stewardship of antibiotics to safeguard this key resource in modern healthcare. This paper provides the perspective of an international group of experts on the role of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing ... -
Conducting Fieldwork with San and Hadza (Post-)Hunter-Gatherer Communities in Africa: Regulatory and Ethical Issues
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-28)In this paper, we address some of the challenges and opportunities of conducting international research in psychology. We examine issues that arise from working in contexts that differ substantially from those in which most psychological research is still conducted. We take our experiences with Tanzanian and Namibian (post-)hunter-gatherers as a starting point for discussing regulatory and ethical ... -
Hands-free continuous carotid Doppler ultrasound for detection of the pulse during cardiac arrest in a porcine model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-20)Background/Purpose - Pulse palpation is an unreliable method for diagnosing cardiac arrest. To address this limitation, continuous hemodynamic monitoring may be a viable solution. Therefore, we developed a novel, hands-free Doppler system, RescueDoppler, to detect the pulse continuously in the carotid artery.<p> <p>Methods - In twelve pigs, we evaluated RescueDoppleŕs potential to measure blood ... -
No observed developmental effects in early life stages of capelin (Mallotus villosus) exposed to a water-soluble fraction of crude oil during embryonic development
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-12)The rise in offshore oil and gas operations, maritime shipping, and tourism in northern latitudes enhances the risk of oil spills to sub-Arctic and Arctic coastal environments. Therefore, there is a need to understand the potential adverse effects of petroleum on key species in these areas. Here, we investigated the effects of oil exposure on the early life stages of capelin (Mallotus villosus), ... -
The paradox of searching efficiency or why are violent population cycles so uncommon in terrestrial ecosystem
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-19)The searching efficiency of predators depends on the balance between the adaptations of the predator and the counter-adaptations of the prey. In this evolutionary race, the prey should normally have the upper hand, as it can perform tradeoffs between efficiency in resource use and ability to avoid predators. In terrestrial predator–herbivore systems, however, the huge difference in food quality ... -
Roles for advisory science in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-12)What role should science take when providing advice in support of policy and politics? Should a provider of science-based advice have its own position on the issues it provides advise on? Or should it be as impartial as possible from the value and policy context of the advice? This theme, long debated, gained new attention in fisheries and marine governance. Starting from theoretical concepts and ... -
Co-learning through participatory evaluation: an example using Theory of Change in a large-scale EU-funded tourism intervention
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-24)Tourism interventions, as tools for social change and preservation of natural and cultural assets are inherently complex. This study presents an improved method for the evaluation of complex tourism interventions. We argue that participatory methods can promote a culture of evaluation that supports partners throughout evidencing project impacts, eliminating negative attitudes to evaluation ... -
A new deep-sea eelpout of the genus Pyrolycus (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) associated with a hydrothermal seep on the Pacific margin of Costa Rica
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-19)A new species of the zoarcid genus Pyrolycus Machida & Hashimoto, 2002, Pyrolycus jaco sp. nov., is described from a hydrothermal seep environment named Jacó Scar in the eastern Pacific of Costa Rica. Four specimens were collected in 2018 between 1746–1795 m among tubeworm colonies around the seep. The new species is differentiated from its two western Pacific congeners by having a shorter head, ... -
Reversible vancomycin susceptibility within emerging ST1421 Enterococcus faecium strains is associated with rearranged vanA-gene clusters and increased vanA plasmid copy number
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-13)Vancomycin variable enterococci (VVE) are van-positive enterococci with a vancomycin-susceptible phenotype (VVE-S) that can convert to a resistant phenotype (VVE-R) and be selected for during vancomycin exposure. VVE-R outbreaks have been reported in Canada and Scandinavian countries. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of VVE in whole genome sequenced (WGS) Australian bacteremia ... -
Contrasting life cycles of Southern Ocean pteropods alter their vulnerability to climate change
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-11)Pteropods are a key part of biogeochemical cycling and epipelagic food webs in the Southern Ocean. However, shelled pteropods are vulnerable to climate change, due to their aragonite shells being particularly sensitive to ocean acidification. Currently our understanding of pteropod responses to environmental change is hindered by uncertainties surrounding their life cycles and population dynamics. ... -
Mammographic density and interval cancers in mammographic screening: Moving towards more personalized screening
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-21)Purpose: The European Society on Breast Imaging has recommended supplemental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) every two to four years for women with mammographically dense breasts. This may not be feasible in many screening programs. Also, the European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer suggests not implementing screening with MRI. By analyzing interval cancers and time from screening to ... -
The Association Between Regular Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms Among Patients in Treatment of Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-19)Background: Alcohol and other substance use disorders and major depression often co-occur. A sedentary lifestyle is related to major depression and even moderate exercise may prevent and contribute to the treatment of depression. Studies have found an effect of physical activity on depression in alcohol and other substance use disorder patients even in clinical settings.<p> <p>Aim: To investigate ... -
Non-trace full-F gyro-fluid interchange impurity advection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-01)A full-F isothermal gyro-fluid model and code (which is based on the full distribution function F compared to only small fluctuations) is extended to handle self-consistent coupling of multiple quasi-neutral ion species via the polarisation equation in the long wavelength approximation. The numerical model is used to determine two-dimensional interchange driven ‘blob’ transport in a plasma with ... -
Evaluating policy complexity with Causal Loop Diagrams
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-15)Methods to capture the complexity of using policy instruments would allow us to better evaluate the reasons for their effectiveness. Drawing from complexity science, we produce a Causal Loop Diagram to analyse the implementation of two informational policy instruments in a tourism destination: the Global Sustainable Tourism Council criteria and the European Tourism Indicator Scheme. To interpret the ...