Planktonic calcifying organisms play a key role in regulating ocean carbonate chemistry and atmospheric CO₂. Surprisingly, references to the absolute and relative contribution of these organisms to calcium carbonate production are lacking. Here we report quantification of pelagic calcium carbonate production in the North Pacific, providing new insights on the contribution of the three ...

Gillnets are used world-wide for harvesting groundfish and pelagic species at sea and in freshwater. Little consideration has been given to how fish are caught in gillnets, even though the capture mode provides valuable information for understanding gear catchability. This paper describes a new method of estimating the length-dependent fish capture modes in gillnets. Using this method, we investigated ...

<b><p>Objective</b> To compare outcomes between patients with primary external ventricular device (EVD)–driven treatment of intracranial hypertension and those with primary intraparenchymal monitor (IP)–driven treatment. <b><p>Methods</b> The CENTER-TBI study is a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal observational cohort study that enrolled patients of all TBI severities from 62 participating ...

<b><p>Objectives:</b> To evaluate if adding motivational interviewing (MI) or a stratified vocational advice intervention (SVAI) to usual case management (UC), reduced sickness absence over 6 months for workers on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders. <b><p>Methods:</b> We conducted a three-arm parallel pragmatic randomised controlled trial including 514 employed workers (57% women, ...

The pyndl package implements Naïve Discriminative Learning (NDL) in Python. NDL is an incremental learning algorithm grounded in the principles of discrimination learning (Rescorla & Wagner, 1972; Widrow & Hoff, 1960) and motivated by animal and human learning research (e.g. Baayen et al., 2011; Rescorla, 1988). Lately, NDL has become a popular tool in language research to examine large corpora and ...

Fully supervised semantic segmentation models require pixel-level annotations that are costly to obtain. As a remedy, weakly supervised semantic segmentation has been proposed, where image-level labels and class activation maps (CAM) can detect discriminative regions for specific class objects. In this paper, we evaluated several CAM methods applied to different convolutional neural networks (CNN) ...

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSSCs) are aggressive tumors often associated with a low survival rate. The immune system influences the development of OSCCs, and the immune infiltrate surrounding the cancer cells is an indicator of the host’s anti-tumor response. The main aim of this thesis was to describe how the tumor microenvironment in OSCC is organized, and to determine whether different subsets ...

Calanus copepods C. finmarchicus, C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus are keystone species in the Arctic marine ecosystem, constituting 70-90% of the zooplankton biomass. In high latitudes, the growing season is short and unpredictable, and the winter long and unproductive. These species have adapted flexible life histories, lipid accumulation, and a state of deep-water diapause to survive. Winter ...

Background: The scimitar‐horned oryx (Oryx dammah) (SHO) is a large African antelope that became extinct in the wild just over two decades ago. Conservation of the species is of prime importance, but it might face pathogen stressors.<p> <p>Methods and principal findings: Brucella melitensis biovar 1 was previously confirmed in a high‐density captive population of SHO held in Abu‐Dhabi emirate. ...

The underpinnings of language deviations in psychotic symptoms (eg, formal thought disorder, delusions) remain unclear. We examined whether the semantic networks underlying word associations are useful predictors of clinical outcomes in psychosis. Fifty-one patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and 51 matched healthy controls generated words in a Cantonese continued word ...