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dc.contributor.authorKoskela, Lauri
dc.contributor.authorRaatiniemi, Lasse
dc.contributor.authorBakke, Håkon Kvåle
dc.contributor.authorAla-Kokko, Tero
dc.contributor.authorLiisanantti, Janne
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-28T13:12:33Z
dc.date.available2018-02-28T13:12:33Z
dc.date.issued2017-09-08
dc.description.abstractBackground: In this study we evaluate differences between rural and urban areas in the causes and incidence of fatal poisonings. <p> Methods: Data from all fatal poisonings that occurred in Northern Finland from 2007 to 2011 were retrieved from Cause of Death Registry death certificates provided by Statistics Finland. The demographics and causes of fatalities were compared between rural and urban areas. Incidences were calculated based on the population data. <p> Results: There were a total of 684 fatal poisonings during the study period and 57.9% (n = 396) occurred in the urban population. Ethanol was the most common primary poisoning agent in cases of fatal poisoning, accounting for 47.5% of cases in urban areas and 68.1% in rural areas (P < 0.001). Fatal poisonings caused by psychoactive pharmaceutical products and opioids were more common in urban areas (28.3% compared to 18.0%, P < 0.001). The crude incidence of fatal poisonings in the study area was 18.8 (17.4–20.2) per 100,000 inhabitants per year and there was no difference in incidence between urban and rural areas. In the youngest age group (15 to 24 years), the incidence of fatal poisonings observed in urban areas was two times higher than that in rural areas. <p> Discussion: Higher rate of fatal ethanol poisonings in rural areas could be linked to higher alcohol consumption in rural areas and also differences in drinking behaviour. Higher incidence of poisoning suicides in urban areas could be due to availability of different toxic agents as a suicidal method. Preventive measures could be key in reducing the number of fatal poisonings in both areas, as most of the fatal poisonings still occur outside hospital. <p> Conclusion: There was a higher rate of fatal ethanol poisoning in rural areas and higher rate of fatal poisoning related to psychoactive pharmaceutical products and opioids in urban areas. There were twice as many fatal poisonings in the youngest age group (15–24 years) in urban areas compared to rural areas, and suicide was more common in urban areas.en_US
dc.descriptionSource at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-017-0431-8> https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-017-0431-8 </a>.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKoskela, L., Raatiniemi, L., Bakke, H.K., Ala-Kokko, T., Liisanantti, J. (2017). Fatal poisonings in Northern Finland: causes, incidence, and rural-urban differences. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. 25:90en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1493189
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s13049-017-0431-8
dc.identifier.issn1757-7241
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/12226
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.relation.journalScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
dc.relation.projectIDOulu University Hospitalen_US
dc.relation.projectIDNorth Finland Support Foundation for Health Careen_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.subjectPoisoningen_US
dc.subjectIntoxicationen_US
dc.subjectAlcoholen_US
dc.subjectFinlanden_US
dc.subjectMixed poisoningen_US
dc.subjectRuralityen_US
dc.subjectSuicideen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750en_US
dc.titleFatal poisonings in Northern Finland: causes, incidence, and rural-urban differencesen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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