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dc.contributor.authorPatton, Henry
dc.contributor.authorHubbard, Alun Lloyd
dc.contributor.authorBradwell, T.
dc.contributor.authorSchomacker, Anders
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-18T16:24:47Z
dc.date.available2018-09-18T16:24:47Z
dc.date.issued2017-02-03
dc.description.abstractThe fragmentary glacial-geological record across the Icelandic continental shelf has hampered reconstruction of the volume, extent and chronology of the Late Weichselian ice sheet particularly in key offshore zones. Marine geophysical data collected over the last two decades reveal that the ice sheet likely attained a continental shelf-break position in all sectors during the Last Glacial Maximum, though its precise timing and configuration remains largely unknown. Within this context, we review the available empirical evidence and use a well-constrained three-dimensional thermomechanical model to investigate the drivers of an extensive Late Weichselian Icelandic ice-sheet, its sensitivity to environmental forcing, and phases of deglaciation. Our reconstruction attains the continental shelf break across all sectors with a total ice volume of 5.96 × 10<sup>5</sup> km<sup>3</sup> with high precipitation rates being critical to forcing extensive ice sheet flow offshore. Due to its location astride an active mantle plume, a relatively fast and dynamic ice sheet with a low aspect ratio is maintained. Our results reveal that once initial ice-sheet retreat was triggered through climate warming at 21.8 ka BP, marine deglaciation was rapid and accomplished in all sectors within c. 5 ka at a mean rate of 71 Gt of mass loss per year. This rate of ice wastage is comparable to contemporary rates observed for the West Antarctic ice sheet. The ice sheet subsequently stabilised on shallow pinning points across the near shelf for two millennia, but abrupt atmospheric warming during the Bølling Interstadial forced a second, dramatic collapse of the ice sheet onshore with a net wastage of 221 Gt a<sup>−1</sup> over 750 years, analogous to contemporary Greenland rates of mass loss. Geothermal conditions impart a significant control on the ice sheet's transient response, particularly during phases of rapid retreat. Insights from this study suggests that large sectors of contemporary ice sheets overlying geothermally active regions, such as Siple Coast, Antarctica, and NE Greenland, have the potential to experience rapid phases of mass loss and deglaciation once initial retreat is initiated.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipPetroMaksen_US
dc.descriptionAccepted manuscript version. Published version available at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.02.001> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.02.001</a>. Accepted manuscript version, licensed <a href=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/> CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. </a>en_US
dc.identifier.citationPatton, H., Hubbard, A.L., Bradwell, T. & Schomacker, A. (2017). The configuration, sensitivity and rapid retreat of the Late Weichselian Icelandic ice sheet. Earth-Science Reviews, 166, 223-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.02.001en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1449818
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.02.001
dc.identifier.issn0012-8252
dc.identifier.issn1872-6828
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/13829
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.journalEarth-Science Reviews
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/SFF/223259/Norway/Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate/CAGE/en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Kvartærgeologi, glasiologi: 465en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450::Quaternary geology, glaciology: 465en_US
dc.subjectIcelanden_US
dc.subjectLate Weichselianen_US
dc.subjectIce sheet modellingen_US
dc.subjectGeothermalen_US
dc.subjectCollapseen_US
dc.subjectPalaeo reconstructionen_US
dc.subjectShelf edgeen_US
dc.titleThe configuration, sensitivity and rapid retreat of the Late Weichselian Icelandic ice sheeten_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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