Distribution of siderophore gene systems on a Vibrionaceae phylogeny: Database searches, phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary perspectives
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https://hdl.handle.net/10037/14985Date
2018-02-14Type
Journal articleTidsskriftartikkel
Peer reviewed
Abstract
Siderophores are small molecules synthesized and secreted by bacteria and fungi to scavenge
iron. Extracellular ferri-siderohores are recognized by cognate receptors on the cell
surface for transport over membranes. Several siderophore systems from Vibrionaceae representatives
are known and well understood, e.g., the molecular structure of the siderophore,
the biosynthesis gene cluster and pathway, and the gene expression pattern. Less is known
about how these systems are distributed among the ~140 Vibrionaceae species, and which
evolutionary processes contributed to the present-day distribution. In this work, we compiled
existing knowledge on siderophore biosynthesis systems and siderophore receptors from
Vibrionaceae and used phylogenetic analyses to investigate their organization, distribution,
origin and evolution. Through literature searches, we identified nine different siderophore biosynthesis
systems and thirteen siderophore receptors in Vibrionaceae. Homologs were identified
by BLAST searches, and the results were mapped onto a Vibrionaceae phylogeny. We
identified 81 biosynthetic systems distributed in 45 Vibrionaceae species and 16 unclassified
Vibrionaceae strains, and 409 receptors in 89 Vibrionaceae species and 49 unclassified
Vibrionaceae strains. The majority of taxa are associated with at least one type of siderophore
biosynthesis system, some (e.g., aerobactin and vibrioferrin) of which are widely distributed in
the family, whereas others (i.e., bisucaberin and vibriobactin) are found in one lineage. Cognate
receptors are found more widespread. Phylogenetic analysis of three siderophore systems
(piscibactin, vibrioferrin and aerobactin) show that their present-day distribution can be
explained by an old insertion into Vibrionaceae, followed mainly by stable vertical evolution
and extensive loss, and some cases of horizontal gene transfers. The present work provides
an up to date overview of the distribution of siderophore-based iron acquisition systems in
Vibrionaceae, and presents phylogenetic analysis of these systems. Our results suggest that
the present-day distribution is a result of several evolutionary processes, such as old and new
gene acquisitions, gene loss, and both vertical and horizontal gene transfers.
Description
Is part of
The manucript version of this article is part of:Thode, S.K. (2017). Iron dependent gene regulation and siderophore systems in Vibrionaceae. (Doctoral thesis). https://hdl.handle.net/10037/14984.