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dc.contributor.authorArmstrong, Claire W.
dc.contributor.authorVondolia, Godwin Kofi
dc.contributor.authorFoley, Naomi
dc.contributor.authorHenry, Lea-Anne
dc.contributor.authorNeedham, Katherine
dc.contributor.authorRessurreição, Adriana
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-16T09:16:12Z
dc.date.available2019-08-16T09:16:12Z
dc.date.issued2019-04-24
dc.description.abstractSustainable development of the ocean is a central policy objective in Europe through the Blue Growth Strategy and globally through parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Achieving sustainable exploitation of deep sea resources is challenged due to the huge uncertainty around the many risks posed by human activities on these remote ecosystems and the goods and services they provide. We used a Delphi approach, an iterative expert-based survey process, to assess risks to ecosystem services in the North Atlantic Ocean from climate change (water temperature and ocean acidification), the blue economy (fishing, pollution, oil and gas activities, deep seabed mining, maritime and coastal tourism and blue biotechnology), and their cumulative effects. Ecosystem services from the deep sea, identified through the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment framework, were presented in an expert survey to assess the impacts of human drivers on these services. The results from this initial survey were analyzed and then presented in a second survey. The final results, based on 55 expert responses, indicated that pollution and temperature change each pose a high risk to more than 28% of deep-sea ecosystem services, whilst ocean acidification, and fisheries both pose a high risk to more than 19% of the deep-sea ecosystem services. Services considered to be most at risk of being impacted by anthropogenic activities were biodiversity and habitat as supporting services, biodiversity as a cultural service, and fish and shellfish as provisioning services. Tourism and blue biotechnology were not seen to cause serious risk to any of the ecosystem services. The negative impacts from temperature change, ocean acidification, fishing, pollution, and oil and gas activities were deemed to be largely more probable than their positive impacts. These results expand our knowledge of how a broad set of deep-sea ecosystem services are impacted by human activities. Furthermore, the study provides input in relation to future priorities regarding research in the Atlantic deep sea.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT)en_US
dc.descriptionSource at <a href=https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00158>https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00158</a>.en_US
dc.identifier.citationArmstrong, C.W., Vondolia, G.K., Foley, N.S., Henry, L.A., Needham, K. & Ressurreição, A. (2019). Expert Assessment of Risks Posed by Climate Change and Anthropogenic Activities to Ecosystem Services in the Deep North Atlantic. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2019;6:1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00158en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1708332
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmars.2019.00158
dc.identifier.issn2296-7745
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/15922
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiersen_US
dc.relation.journalFrontiers in Marine Science
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/678760/EU/A Trans-AtLantic Assessment and deep-water ecosystem-based Spatial management plan for Europe/ATLAS/en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497en_US
dc.subjectecosystem servicesen_US
dc.subjectclimate changeen_US
dc.subjectanthropogenic impactsen_US
dc.subjectrisken_US
dc.subjectdeep seaen_US
dc.subjectNorth Atlantic Oceanen_US
dc.subjectblue growthen_US
dc.titleExpert Assessment of Risks Posed by Climate Change and Anthropogenic Activities to Ecosystem Services in the Deep North Atlanticen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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