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dc.contributor.authorKovalenko, Anton Alexandrovich
dc.contributor.authorBrenn, Tormod
dc.contributor.authorOdland, Jon Øyvind
dc.contributor.authorNieboer, Evert
dc.contributor.authorKrettek, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorAnda, Erik Eik
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-25T13:01:26Z
dc.date.available2019-10-25T13:01:26Z
dc.date.issued2019-04-04
dc.description.abstract<i>Background</i> - Hypospadias is the most common congenital anomaly of the penis, but its causes are mainly unknown. Of the risk factors identified, the most plausible are hormonal and genetic. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for hypospadias in Northwest Russia based on registry data.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - The study population included male infants registered in the Murmansk County Birth Registry between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011 (n = 25 475). These infants were followed-up for 2 years using the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry to identify cases of hypospadias not diagnosed at birth. We used logistic regression analysis to examine the contributions of hypospadias risk factors.<p> <p><i>Results</i> - Out of 25 475 male infants born during the study period, 148 had isolated hypospadias. The overall prevalence rate was 54.2 (95% CI 53.6–54.8) per 10 000 male infants. Those born to mothers with preeclampsia (OR = 1.65; 95% CI 1.03–2.66) or infant birthweight < 2500 g (OR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.18–3.60) exhibited increased risk for hypospadias. Maternal age, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid intake during pregnancy or hepatitis B surface antigen positivity did not associate with increased risk of hypospadias. Conclusions Combining data from a birth registry with those from a congenital defects registry provided optimal information about the prevalence of hypospadias and its association with low infant birthweight and preeclampsia. These factors have in common changes in hormone levels during pregnancy, which in turn may have contributed to hypospadias development.en_US
dc.descriptionSource at <a href=https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214213>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214213. </a>en_US
dc.identifier.citationKovalenko, A.A., Brenn, T., Odland, J.Ø., Nieboer, E., Krettek, A. & Anda, E.E. (2019). Risk Factors for hypospadias in Northwest Russia: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Study. <i>PLOS ONE, 14</i>(4): e0214213. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214213en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1736466
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0214213
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/16480
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.relation.journalPLOS ONE
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801en_US
dc.titleRisk Factors for hypospadias in Northwest Russia: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Studyen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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