Blar i tittel Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap
Viser treff 111-130 av 187
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Mapping the EORTC QLQ-C30 to four preference-based measures (EQ-5D, SF-6D, 15D and HUI3).
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-01-08)Background: Cost utility analysis evaluates health care interventions in terms of their cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The EQ-5D, SF-6D, 15D and HUI3 are the most common health state utility (HSU) instruments used to put the ‘quality adjustment weight’ into the QALY. However, HSU instruments are not always available or appropriate for every health conditions. For measuring the ... -
The mediating impact of lifestyle factors in the relationship between socioeconomic status and self-reported health in a Norwegian cohort of women
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-12-01)Introduction: Information on self-reported health (SRH) with a simple question on “How do you rate your health?” provides sufficient information to be a reasonable proxy of health. Socioeconomic inequalities in health are often monitored via SRH. Individuals with better socioeconomic status (SES) more likely to rate their SRH as good. The part of the effect of SES (income level and education) operates ... -
Mortality reduction in poor countries: exploring the association with health system resources and economic growth
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-01)Population health (measured in terms of life expectancy and under-five mor-tality rate) has improved under the era of the Millennium Development Goals. The aim of the thesis was to examine the association between population health and health care resources in poor countries, to better understand the situation and how to improve it. I have done an ecological analysis of aggregate data. The sample ... -
Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fibre: Prevalence and its Association with Ocular and Systemic Parameters in Tromsø.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-11-30)Background: Myelinated retinal nerve fibres (MRNFs) are congenital anomalies of the fundus that occur in about 1% of the population. Clinically, they appear as grey or white well-separated patches with feathery borders along the retinal nerve fibre layer. MRNF has been reported to occur in association with some ocular parameters as well as stroke. However, most cases of MRNF occur in isolation and ... -
Neonatal mortality predictors in Nepal: Nepal demographic health survey 2011
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-09-01)Background: The neonatal period (0-28 days after delivery) in human life is critical and carries a high risk of mortality. According to the Nepal Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2011, Nepal has a Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) of 33/1000 live births which is one of the highest in the world. The neonatal mortality accounts for 61% of the under-five mortality. There has been very limited progress in ... -
The Nordic diet - possible health effects and approaches to the different food indexes. A literature study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-11-30)One way to overcome the preventable, non-communicable diseases which is a challenge to public health is to facilitate a healthy diet with a sufficient nutritional value. In the Nordic regions great efforts have been made to focus on the health impacts of the dietary pattern, issuing guidelines for dietary composition and recommended intake of nutrients. These recommendations, The Nordic Nutrition ... -
Number of children and risk of hormone receptor-positive versus hormone receptor-negative breast cancer
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-30)Introduction: With around 2.3 million cases, breast cancer became the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2020 surpassing lung cancer cases and mortality. Based on histology and molecular characteristics, hormone receptor-positive (HR+) cancer has tumors with both estrogen and progesterone receptors. On the contrary, hormone receptor-negative (HR-) cancer has tumors not expressing estrogen or ... -
Offentlig finansiert fedmekirurgi i Norge i periode 2008-2014. Antall inngrep og operasjonsrater, kjønns- og aldersspesifikke rater, forskjeller i rater mellom regionale helseforetak, og en beskrivelse av type kirurgi som brukes i Norge
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-12-22)Bakgrunn: Fedme er definert som en av de største helsetruslene i vår tid. Fedme kan skape alvorlige problemer for helse, trivsel og livskvalitet, og risikoen for ulike helseproblem øker med stigende grad av fedme. Det er sett en økning i bruk av fedmekirurgi som behandling for sykelig overvekt. Flere studier viser at fedmekirurgi kan være en effektiv i behandlingen av flere fedmerelaterte problemer, ... -
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and the risk of fatal myocardial infarction among Norwegian women: a prospective cohort
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-12-01)<p>Background: In 2015, around 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular disease worldwide, with myocardial infarction being the most common manifestation. Contemporary research suggests that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) interventions have less useful cardiovascular outcomes than previously thought. This study aims to examine the association between n-3 PUFA intake frequency ... -
Oral contraceptive use and risk of mortality among Norwegian women – a prospective study from the NOWAC study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-12-01)Millions of women are dependent on the use of oral contraceptives in order to have a more meaningful life and a general sense of well-being. These benefits make oral contraceptives one of the most prescribed medications among women. However, while there is established evidence on the short-term effects of oral contraceptive use, there are conflicting reports on the long-term risk of oral contraceptive ... -
Oral health of adults in Northern Norway – a pilot study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-01)There is a deficiency of data on oral health of adults in northern Norway, and available reports indicate poorer oral health in the north as compared with the rest of the country. The objective of this pilot study was to develop and test out tools for a larger epidemiological study of oral health among adults in northern Norway. The study was conducted in the municipalities of Nordkapp and Båtsfjord ... -
Organisering og avlønning av allmennleger : hvordan virker ulike avlønningsformer, og hvordan er det norske systemet sammenliknet med Sverige, Danmark og England?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-05-01)Norges primærhelsetjeneste beskrives med bakgrunn i historie, organisering og avlønning av fastlegene. Organisering og avlønning blir så sammenlignet med hvordan dette gjøres i England, Sverige og Danmark. Med bakgrunn i dette blir det foreslått mulige endringer i primærhelsetjenesten i Norge. Dette være seg blant annet innføring av bedre overvåking av fastlegenes ressursbruk spesielt med tanke på ... -
Overweight and obesity among children – Is there an association between school provided meals and BMI changes?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-11-28)Overweight and obesity has become a worldwide problem in the last decades. Among children aged 5-19, overweight and obesity prevalence has risen from 4% in 1975 to 18% in 2016. Children with overweight and obesity are also more likely to stay obese into adulthood. The consequences of being overweight and obese in childhood increases the risk of several non-communicable diseases and early morbidity. For ... -
Ovulation frequency in women of childbearing age attending a population based health survey : the relationship between self-reported cycles and measured serum progesterone levels in The North-Trøndelag health study, The HUNT3-Survey 2006-2008
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-12-01)The primary objective was to study the frequency of ovulatory menstrual cycles among women aged 20-50 years participating in the HUNT3-survey. Further, we wanted to investigate how the women’s report of menstrual cycle day coincided with the increase in measured serum progesterone level. Finally, we also investigated the association between self-reported premenstrual symptoms and verified ovulatory ... -
Parental exposure and risk factors for leukemia in offspring. A systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-12-11)Objective: The purpose of this thesis is to identify and investigate risk factors associated with childhood leukemia, formulated by the research question: Which risk factors are associated with parental exposure and childhood leukemia in the offspring? Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in three databases Embase, Medline and Cochrane. The articles found were selected and included ... -
Patient- initiated self-care and positive health outcomes in patients living with Multiple Sclerosis: A qualitative study.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-07-25)This study looks at the daily routines and self-care practices among patients living with multiple sclerosis who have experienced positive health outcomes related to their self-initiated efforts and the various strategies used by them to live better with their disease. -
Personal and professional use of acupuncture among medical practitioners in Norway 1994-2004
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2006-12)BACKGROUND Previous research have documented that acupuncture distinguish itself by being the complementary or alternative therapy that medical practitioners most often use both personally and professionally. Possible changes over the years have not previously been investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS In February 1994 and November 2004 equivalent postal surveys were sent to proportional, ... -
Personer med funksjonsnedsettelser og livskvalitet, tilfredshet med livet og fremtidstro
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13)Bakgrunn: Forskning på personer med funksjonsnedsettelser er et lite berørt område. En rekke indikatorer på levekår er lite belyst hos personer med funksjonsnedsettelser, og tidligere forskning tyder på at personer med funksjonsnedsettelser scorer lavere på noen levekårsfaktorer enn funksjonsfriske. Formål: Formålet med studien er å beskrive og sammenlikne livskvalitet, tilfredshet med ... -
Physical activity and perceived health among adolescents in Troms. Data based on Fit Futures - a health survey among adolescents
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-07-02)Background: Perceived health is a predictor of morbidity and mortality in adults and has been an important measure of the general health status in population health studies for decades. Thus, perceived health during adolescence should be of high interest from a Public Health perspective. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity and perceived ... -
Physical activity and prisoner's health : a qualitative systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-04-30)A qualitative systematic review was performed in order to examine the importance and benefit of physical activity to prisoners’ life course, while in incarceration. Physical activity can promote health and prevent diseases and is an important public health means used in the treatment and prevention of various diseases, as well as in the treatment of some mental illnesses such as depressive and anxiety ...