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dc.contributor.authorAthanasiadou, Spiridoula
dc.contributor.authorAlmvik, Marit
dc.contributor.authorHellström, Jarkko
dc.contributor.authorMadland, Eva
dc.contributor.authorSimic, Nebojsa
dc.contributor.authorSteinshamn, Håvard
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-07T11:54:53Z
dc.date.available2021-07-07T11:54:53Z
dc.date.issued2021-06-04
dc.description.abstractHelminth parasitic infections are common in small ruminants in Norway; infection is usually treated with anthelmintic drugs, but anthelmintic resistance is an increasing problem. It is necessary to identify strategies to reduce the use of anthelmintic drugs and mitigate the impact of anthelmintic resistance. Condensed tannin (CT)-rich forages have been shown to reduce the helminth burden in small ruminants, but these forages have limited cultivation potential in Scandinavia. A good source for CT in cold climatic regions may be the bark of several commercially utilized tree species. In the present study, we determined the content and characterized the type of CT in bark extracts of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), spruce (Picea abies L.), and birch (Betula pubescens). Extracts of selected bark samples were tested for their anthelmintic efficacy against the ovine infectious nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta. Total CT content was higher in the bark from younger (10–40 years old) pine and spruce trees; it decreased with tree age in pine, whereas it remained relatively stable in the bark of spruce and birch. Pine trees consisted of 100% procyanidins, whereas prodelphinins were present in most spruce (4–17%) and all birch samples (5–34%). Our studies clearly showed that there is variation in the anthelmintic activity of water and acetone extracts of bark samples collected from various sites around Norway, as this was measured with two independent in vitro assays, the egg hatch and larvae motility assays. The anthelmintic activity of some extracts was consistent between the two assays; for example, extracts from the three samples with the highest CT content showed very high activity in both assays, whereas the extract from the sample with the lowest CT content showed the lowest activity in both assays. For other extracts, activity was not consistent across the assays, which could be attributed to the susceptibility of the different stages of the parasitic life cycle. We demonstrated that bark extracts from commercially used trees in Scandinavia have the potential to be used as alternatives to anthelmintics. Further work should focus on refining the associations between bark extracts and anthelmintic activity to identify the best strategies to reduce the input of anthelmintic drugs in livestock production systems.en_US
dc.identifier.citationAthanasiadou S, Almvik M, Hellström J, Madland E, Simic N, Steinshamn H. Chemical Analysis and Anthelmintic Activity Against Teladorsagia Circumcincta of Nordic Bark Extracts In vitro. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2021;8en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1916128
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fvets.2021.666924
dc.identifier.issn2297-1769
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/21820
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_US
dc.relation.journalFrontiers in Veterinary Science
dc.relation.projectIDRegionale forskningsfond Midt-Norge: 227179en_US
dc.relation.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.666924/full
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Chemistry: 440en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Kjemi: 440en_US
dc.titleChemical Analysis and Anthelmintic Activity Against Teladorsagia Circumcincta of Nordic Bark Extracts In vitroen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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