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dc.contributor.advisorBluhm, Bodil
dc.contributor.authorDescôteaux, Raphaëlle
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-20T13:27:40Z
dc.date.available2022-09-20T13:27:40Z
dc.date.issued2022-10-05
dc.description.abstractPlanktonic early life stages of marine benthic invertebrates play an important role in dispersal and at times represent a substantial proportion of the zooplankton. Information about the larval communities present on the Arctic inflow shelves of the Barents and Chukchi Seas, however, is incomplete and limited because of infrequent sampling and low resolution of identification. The aims of the work described in this thesis were to characterize the meroplanktonic communities of the Barents and Chukchi Sea shelves in greater taxonomic (using DNA barcoding), spatial and temporal resolution than previously achieved, and to investigate the possible origins of the identified larvae. Key findings from this thesis include 1) much higher diversity of invertebrate larvae was found on the Arctic inflow shelves than previously, 2) larvae are present on the shelves year-round but their abundances peak in late summer and fall, 3) the larval community is composed mainly of taxa known to the region but there is evidence of some species drifting in from further south. Findings from this thesis highlight the immense potential gained from species-level identification and shine a light on critical yet poorly-known life stages of the rich Arctic shelf benthic communities in a time of rapid climate change.en_US
dc.description.doctoraltypeph.d.en_US
dc.description.popularabstractFor many animals that live on the ocean seafloor, the babies (larval stages) are microscopic and float up towards the surface of the ocean to drift with the currents, contributing to dispersal of the species. In the Arctic, very little is known about these larvae, especially offshore. The aims of this thesis were to collect larvae in the regions of the Arctic that are strongly influenced by inflowing Atlantic (Barents Sea) and Pacific (Chukchi Sea) water and use DNA to identify which species the larvae belong to. Key findings from this thesis include 1) higher than expected diversity of invertebrate larvae in the Arctic, 2) abundance peaks in late summer and fall and 3) some species drifting in from further south. Findings from this thesis highlight the immense potential gained from species-level identification obtained from DNA and shine a light on critical yet poorly-known life stages of the rich Arctic seafloor communities in a time of rapid climate change.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis PhD has been jointly funded by UiT the Arctic University of Norway and the Tromsø Research Foundation under the project “Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone Ecology,” project number 01vm/h1 with additional funding from the Fram Centre Flagship “Climate Change in Fjord and Coast” grant number 272019 and the Fonds de Recherche Nature et Technologies du Québec (file number 270604). The ArcticPRIZE project (NE/P006302/1 – United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council) and the Nansen Legacy project (Norwegian Research Council project 276730) contributed ship time for sampling. The UiT library covered the costs of open access publications.en_US
dc.identifier.isbn978-82-8266-231-4
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/26875
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.relation.haspart<p>Paper I: Descôteaux, R., Ershova, E., Wangensteen, O.S., Præbel, K., Renaud, P.E., Cottier, F. & Bluhm, B.A. (2021). Meroplankton diversity, seasonality and life-history traits across the Barents Sea Polar Front revealed by high-throughput DNA barcoding. <i>Frontiers in Marine Science, 8</i>, 677732. Also available in Munin at <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21743>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/21743</a>. <p>Paper II: Descôteaux, R., Huserbråten, M., Jørgensen, L.L., Renaud, P.E., Ingvaldsen, R.B., Ershova, E.A. & Bluhm, B.A. Origin of marine invertebrate larvae on an Arctic inflow shelf. In press in <i>Marine Ecology Progress Series</i>, prepress abstract at <a href=https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14170>https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14170</a>. <p>Paper III: Ershova, E.A., Descôteaux, R., Wangensteen, O.S., Iken, K., Hopcroft, R.R., Smoot, C., Grebmeier, J.M. & Bluhm, B.A. (2019). Diversity and distribution of meroplanktonic larvae in the Pacific Arctic and connectivity with adult benthic invertebrate communities. <i>Frontiers in Marine Science, 6</i>, 490. Also available in Munin at <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16483>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16483</a>.en_US
dc.relation.isbasedonDescôteaux, R., Ershova, E., Wangensteen, O., Præbel, K., Renaud, P., Cottier, F. & Bluhm, B. (2021). Data from: Meroplankton diversity, seasonality and life-history traits across the Barents Sea Polar Front revealed by high-throughput DNA barcoding. <i>Dryad</i>, Dataset, <a href=https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n8pk0p2vf> https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n8pk0p2vf</a>.en_US
dc.relation.isbasedonErshova, E. (2019). Diversity and distribution of meroplanktonic larvae in the Pacific Arctic. <i>Mendeley Data</i>, V1, <a href= https://doi.org/10.17632/rhd9z8x86h.1> https://doi.org/10.17632/rhd9z8x86h.1</a>.en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Author(s)
dc.subject.courseIDDOKTOR-002
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Molecular biology: 473en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Molekylærbiologi: 473en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Zoogeography: 486en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Zoogeografi: 486en_US
dc.titleMeroplankton on Arctic inflow shelves: Diversity, seasonality and origins of benthic invertebrate larvae on the Barents and Chukchi shelvesen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.typeDoktorgradsavhandlingen_US


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