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dc.contributor.authorAa, Ercha
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Shun-Rong
dc.contributor.authorWang, Wenbing
dc.contributor.authorErickson, Philip J.
dc.contributor.authorQian, Liying
dc.contributor.authorEastes, Richard W.
dc.contributor.authorHarding, Brian
dc.contributor.authorImmel, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorKaran, Deepak
dc.contributor.authorDaniell, Robert E.
dc.contributor.authorCoster, Anthea J.
dc.contributor.authorGoncharenko, Larisa P.
dc.contributor.authorVierinen, Juha
dc.contributor.authorCai, Xuguang
dc.contributor.authorSpicher, Andres
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-29T08:32:34Z
dc.date.available2022-11-29T08:32:34Z
dc.date.issued2022-05-27
dc.description.abstractFollowing the 2022 Tonga Volcano eruption, dramatic suppression and deformation of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests occurred in the American sector ∼14,000 km away from the epicenter. The EIA crests variations and associated ionosphere-thermosphere disturbances were investigated using Global Navigation Satellite System total electron content data, Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk ultraviolet images, Ionospheric Connection Explorer wind data, and ionosonde observations. The main results are as follows: (a) Following the eastward passage of expected eruption-induced atmospheric disturbances, daytime EIA crests, especially the southern one, showed severe suppression of more than 10 TEC Unit and collapsed equatorward over 10° latitudes, forming a single band of enhanced density near the geomagnetic equator around 14–17 UT, (b) Evening EIA crests experienced a drastic deformation around 22 UT, forming a unique X-pattern in a limited longitudinal area between 20 and 40°W. (c) Thermospheric horizontal winds, especially the zonal winds, showed long-lasting quasi-periodic fluctuations between ±200 m/s for 7–8 hr after the passage of volcano-induced Lamb waves. The EIA suppression and X-pattern merging was consistent with a westward equatorial zonal dynamo electric field induced by the strong zonal wind oscillation with a westward reversal.en_US
dc.identifier.citationAa, Zhang, Wang, Erickson, Qian, Eastes, Harding, Immel, Karan, Daniell, Coster, Goncharenko, Vierinen, Cai, Spicher. Pronounced Suppression and X-Pattern Merging of Equatorial Ionization Anomalies After the 2022 Tonga Volcano Eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. 2022;127(6)en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2045656
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2022JA030527
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/27578
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.journalJournal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)en_US
dc.titlePronounced Suppression and X-Pattern Merging of Equatorial Ionization Anomalies After the 2022 Tonga Volcano Eruptionen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
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