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dc.contributor.authorLukic, Marko
dc.contributor.authorLicaj, Idlir
dc.contributor.authorLaaksonen, Maarit A.
dc.contributor.authorWeiderpass, Elisabete
dc.contributor.authorBorch, Kristin Benjaminsen
dc.contributor.authorRylander, Charlotta
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-16T07:31:39Z
dc.date.available2023-01-16T07:31:39Z
dc.date.issued2022-08-22
dc.description.abstractColon cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in women in Norway, where incidence rates of colon cancer increased 3-fold between 1955 and 2014, for unknown reasons. We aimed to assess the burden of colon cancer attributable to modifiable risk factors in Norwegian women using the data from the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study. Self-reported information from 35 525 women from the NOWAC study were available. These included the following exposures: smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, intake of calcium, fibers, and red and processed meat. Colon cancer cases were identified from the Cancer Registry of Norway. A parametric piecewise constant hazards model was used to estimate the strength of exposure-cancer associations. Population attributable fractions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated considering competing risk of death. The fraction of incident colon cancer attributable to ever smoking was 18.7% (95% CI 4.7%-30.6%), low physical activity 10.8% (95% CI −0.7% to 21.0%), alcohol consumption 14.5% (95% CI −2.8% to 28.9%), and low intake of calcium 10.0% (95% CI −7.8% to 24.8%). A small proportion of colon cancer cases was attributable to combined intake of red and processed meat over 500 g/week, overweight/obesity, and low intake of fibers. Jointly, these seven risk factors could explain 46.0% (95% CI 23.0%-62.4%) of the colon cancer incidence burden. Between 23% and 62% of the colon cancer burden among women in Norway was attributable to modifiable risk factors, indicating an important preventive potential of a healthy lifestyle.en_US
dc.identifier.citationLukic, Licaj, Laaksonen, Weiderpass, Borch, Rylander. The burden of colon cancer attributable to modifiable factors—The Norwegian Women and Cancer Study. International Journal of Cancer. 2022en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2070350
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ijc.34237
dc.identifier.issn0020-7136
dc.identifier.issn1097-0215
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/28233
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.journalInternational Journal of Cancer
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleThe burden of colon cancer attributable to modifiable factors—The Norwegian Women and Cancer Studyen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)