Electronic Properties of Zn<inf>2</inf>V<inf>(1-x)</inf>Nb<inf>x</inf>N<inf>3</inf> Alloys to Model Novel Materials for Light-Emitting Diodes

Abstract

We propose the Zn₂V(_1–x)Nb_xN₃ alloy as a new promising material for optoelectronic applications, in particular for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We perform accurate electronic-structure calculations of the alloy for several concentrations x using density-functional theory with meta-GGA exchange–correlation functional TB09. The band gap is found to vary between 2.2 and 2.9 eV with varying V/Nb concentration. This range is suitable for developing bright LEDs with tunable band gap as potential replacements for the more expensive Ga(_1–x)In_(x)N systems. Effects of configurational disorder are taken into account by explicitly considering all possible distributions of the metal ions within the metal sublattice for the chosen supercells. We have evaluated the band gap’s nonlinear behavior (bowing) with variation of V/Nb concentration for two possible scenarios: (i) only the structure with the lowest total energy is present at each concentration and (ii) the structure with minimum band gap is present at each concentration, which corresponds to experimental conditions when also metastable structures are presents. We found that the bowing is about twice larger in the latter case. However, in both cases, the bowing parameter is found to be lower than 1 eV, which is about twice smaller than that in the widely used Ga_(1–x)In_(x)N alloy. Furthermore, we found that both crystal volume changes due to alloying and local effects (atomic relaxation and the V–N/Nb–N bonding difference) have important contributions to the band gap bowing in Zn₂V_(1–x)Nb_xN₃.