Browsing Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet by Title

Now showing items 1137-1156 of 10152

    • CaMKIIa+ neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis modulate pace of natural reward seeking depending on internal state 

      Huijgens, Patty Thalia; Heijkoop, Roy; Vanderschuren, Louk; Lesscher, Heidi; Snoeren, Eelke Mirthe Simone (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-24)
      This study aims to investigate the underlying neurobiological mechanisms that regulate natural reward seeking behaviors, specifically in the context of sexual behavior and sucrose self-administration. The role of CaMKIIa+neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) was explored using chemogenetic silencing and -stimulation. Additionally, the study examined how these effects ...

    • Can a happy relationship predict a happy life? A population-based study of maternal well-being during the life transition of pregnancy, infancy, and toddlerhood 

      Dyrdal, Gunvor Marie; Røysamb, Espen; Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Vittersø, Joar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010-12-12)
      The association between overall life satisfaction (LS) and relationship satisfaction (RS) was investigated longitudinally among mothers (N=67,355), using data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Data were collected twice during pregnancy, and at 6 and 36 months postpartum. Satisfaction increased during pregnancy, with RS ...

    • Can a structured model of ethical reflection be used to teach ethics to nursing students? An approach to teaching nursing students a tool for systematic ethical reflection 

      Jakobsen, Lena; Mæhre, Kjersti Sunde (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-12)
      Background: Nurses encounter many ethical dilemmas in their practice. The ability to make good ethical decisions is a necessary competence in healthcare professions. International studies call for development and research on various methods to teach healthcare professionals ethics. This article describes an approach for learning how to be aware of and discover ethical dilemmas. By applying ...

    • Can accelerated transcranial direct current stimulation improve memory functions? An experimental, placebo-controlled study 

      Bystad, Martin; Storø, Benedicte Haug; Gundersen, Nina; Larsen Wiik, Ida Karine; Nordvang, Lene; Grønli, Ole; Rasmussen, Ingrid Daae; Aslaksen, Per M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-01)
      The aim of this study was to investigate whether transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) could improve verbal memory functions in healthy old and younger participants. We hypothesized that active tDCS led to significantly improved memory function, compared to placebo tDCS. Forty healthy participants (20 old and 20 younger participants) were included in the study. We applied a novel stimulation ...

    • Can an inadequate cervical cytology sample in ThinPrep be converted to a satisfactory sample by processing it with a SurePath preparation? 

      Sørbye, Sveinung; Pedersen, Mette Kristin; Ekeberg, Bente; Wiliams, Merete E. Johansen; Sauer, Torill; Chen, Ying (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
      Background: The Norwegian Cervical Cancer Screening Program recommends screening every 3 years for women between 25 and 69 years of age. There is a large difference in the percentage of unsatisfactory samples between laboratories that use different brands of liquid-based cytology. We wished to examine if inadequate ThinPrep samples could be satisfactory by processing them with the SurePath ...

    • Can Auditory Brainstem Response be Used as a Diagnostic Tool for Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Bipolar Disorder? 

      Wahlström, Viktor; Åhlander, Fredrik; Wynn, Rolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-12)
      <p>Background: Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and bipolar disorder, may sometimes be difficult to diagnose. There is a great need for a valid and reliable diagnostic tool to aid clinicians in arriving at the diagnoses in a timely and accurate manner. Prior studies have suggested that patients suffering from schizophrenia and ADHD may ...

    • Can bone mineral density loss in the non-weight bearing distal forearm predict mortality? 

      Hauger, Annette Vogt; Bergland, Astrid; Holvik, Kristin; Emaus, Nina; Strand, Bjørn Heine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-03-30)
      <i>Purpose</i> - Low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with increased risk of fractures and mortality. We investigated if rate of BMD loss in the distal forearm over seven years predicted mortality.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - 1725 postmenopausal women and 1879 men aged 50–74 who participated in the longitudinal Tromsø Study waves 4 (1994–95) and 5 (2001−2002) were included. Cox regression ...

    • Can current prognostic scores reliably guide treatment decisions in patients with brain metastases from malignant melanoma? 

      Nieder, Carsten; Marienhagen, Kirsten; Geinitz, Hans; Grosu, Anca L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      We evaluated the performance of the new 4-tiered melanoma-specific graded prognostic assessment (GPA) score and the previously published general GPA score in patients with brain metastases from malignant melanoma managed with different approaches including best supportive care. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 51 patients. Compared with the original analysis of the melanoma-specific ...

    • Can Difficult Lectures be Interesting AND Pleasant? Hedonic and Eudaimonic Feelings as a Function of Perceived Difficulty 

      Ivan, Håvard (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-12-01)
      What is it that makes challenge and complexity so appealing to humans? Research derived from positive psychology have tried to answer this question, and in the process found evidence suggesting that people experience different feelings as the perception of difficulty rises. In this study, using Gudrun Eckblad’s scheme theory as premise, we predicted that reported feelings of pleasure would be most ...

    • Can drug-related information reverse the effects of a local anesthetic cream? An investigation into the nocebo hyperalgesic response 

      Zwarg, Maria Lorentze; Hage Eilertsen, Hans-Ingvald (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-30)
      Objective: Verbal information accompanying administration of a drug has been shown to modulate treatment outcome, in both positive and negative directions. If drug effects alter as a function of verbal suggestions, negative information may potentially abolish or even reverse treatment effects. To test whether nocebo information can reverse the effect of a drug, we investigated how such information ...

    • Can environmental laws fulfill their promise? Stories from Canada 

      Bankes, Nigel; Mascher, Sharon; Olszynski, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)

    • Can HRV Biofeedback Improve Short-Term Effort Recovery? Implications for Intermittent Load Sports 

      Perez-Gaido, Mauro; Lalanza, Jaume F; Parrado, Eva; Capdevila, Lluis (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-05)
      As intensity and physical demands continue to rise in sport competition, faster and better recovery becomes essential. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of HRV biofeedback (HRVB) while recovering from a submaximal aerobic exercise. Ten physically-active graduate students participated in the study, which was conducted in four sessions: exercise with free-breathing recovery, first ...

    • Can nanomedicine improve the semen quality? The potentials of liposomal curcumin. 

      Wu, Iren Yeeling (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-05-13)
      INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, 10-15 % couples are infertile, and 50 % of the couples seeking assisted reproductive techniques do so because of defective sperm quality. The semen quality can be directly linked to oxidative stress (OS). Due to high metabolic rates and weak anti-oxidant systems, sperm cells are unable to defend against OS produced exogenously and endogenously. Vitamin C and/or vitamin E are ...

    • Can oxytocin augmentation modify the risk of epidural analgesia by maternal age in cesarean sections? 

      Rossen, Janne; Klungsøyr, Kari; Albrechtsen, Susanne; Løkkegård, Ellen; Rasmussen, Steen; Bergholt, Thomas; Skjeldestad, Finn Egil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-07)
      <p><i>Introduction</i>: Maternal age is an established risk factor for cesarean section; epidural analgesia and oxytocin augmentation may modify this association. We investigated the effects and interactions of oxytocin augmentation, epidural analgesia and maternal age on the risk of cesarean section.</p> <p><i>Material and methods</i>: In all, 416 386 nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of ...

    • Can perinatal SSRI exposure affect sexual behavior later in life? Early Developmental Fluoxetine Exposed Female Rats Observed in a Seminatural Environment 

      Hegstad, Jan (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-02)
      Renewed interests in sexual behavior research stems from human reports of negative symptoms of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The use of SSRIs, during pregnancy might impact the developing child, due to the drug’s ability to cross the placenta and also be present in breastmilk. Perinatal SSRI exposure thus elevates serotonin levels in the developing brain, during phases where serotonin ...

    • Can structural indicators explain gender difference in life expectancy (LE) at birth among WHO member countries? 

      Bye, Stefan (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-06)
      Forskjellen i life expectancy at birth mellom kjønn varierer fra land til land og i de fleste tilfellene så lever kvinner lengre enn menn. Det globale gjennomsnittet er på ca 7% lengre levetid for kvinner enn menn, men man har forskjeller som er helt opp i 23%. Det finnes etablerte hypoteser på hvorfor kvinner lever lengre enn menn og i denne oppgaven vil jeg se på hvordan sosiale og strukturelle ...

    • Can the health related quality of life measure QOLIBRI- overall scale (OS) be of use after stroke? A validation study 

      Heiberg, Guri Anita; Pedersen, Synne Garder; Friborg, Oddgeir; Nielsen, Jørgen Feldbæk; Holm, Henriette Stabel; von Steinbüchel, Nicole; Arntzen, Cathrine; Anke, Audny (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      <i><p>Background</i>: Brief measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) that assess both patient-reported functioning and well-being after stroke are scarce. The objective of this study was to examine reliability and validity of one of these measures, the patient-reported Quality of Life after Brain Injury–Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), in patients after stroke.</p> <i><p>Methods</i>: Stroke ...

    • Can video mobile phones improve CPR quality when used for dispatcher assistance during simulated cardiac arrest? 

      Bolle, Stein Roald; Gilbert, Mads; Scholl, Jeremiah (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009)
      Background: Because mobile telephones may support video calls, emergency medical dispatchers may now connect visually with bystanders during pre-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We studied the quality of simulated dispatcher-assisted CPR when guidance was delivered to rescuers by video calls or audio calls from mobile phones. Methods: One hundred and eighty high school students were ...

    • Can vitamin D-3 supplementation prevent bone loss in persons with MS? A placebo-controlled trial 

      Steffensen, Linn Hofsøy; Jørgensen, Lone; Straume, Bjørn; Mellgren, Svein Ivar; Kampman, Margitta Theodora (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a possible cause of secondary osteoporosis. In this phase II trial we assessed whether a weekly dose of 20,000 IU vitamin D3 prevents bone loss in ambulatory persons with MS age 18–50 years. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT00785473. All patients managed at the University Hospital of North Norway who fulfilled the main inclusion criteria were invited to participate in this ...

    • Can vitamin D3 supplementation prevent bone loss in persons with MS? 

      Steffensen, Linn Hofsøy (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-12-13)
      In persons with Multiple sclerosis (MS) low bone mineral density (BMD) is more prevalent when compared with healthy controls and MS may be a possible cause of secondary osteoporosis. BMD is primarily determined by genetic and hormonal factors, body mass index, physical activity and intake of calcium and vitamin D. Vitamin D level at 50 nmol/L or higher is classified as sufficient, however, optimal ...