The aim of this study was to reduce barriers that prevent implementation of evidence-based recommendations about single-fraction palliative radiotherapy (PRT) and to demonstrate that single-fraction PRT yields similar outcomes as long-course treatment (≥10 fractions) in patients with bone metastases from breast cancer. This retrospective study (2007–2014) included 118 Norwegian female patients. All ...

Background - How contextual factors may influence GP decisions in real life practice is poorly understood. The authors have undertaken a scoping review of antibiotic prescribing in primary care, with a focus on the interaction between context and GP decision-making, and what it means for the decisions made.<p> <p>Method - The authors searched Medline, Embase and Cinahl databases for English ...

Fear-potentiated startle is defined as an increase in the magnitude of the startle reflex in the presence of a stimulus that has been paired with an aversive stimulus or event. It has been debated how much awareness of contingencies can affect fear-potentiated startle and the extinction of this. A conditional discrimination procedure was adapted to a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm in 33 ...

Using complete information on total treatment burden, this population‐based study aimed to investigate second cancer (SC) risk in testicular cancer survivors (TCS) treated in the cisplatin era. The Cancer Registry of Norway identified 5,625 1‐year TCS diagnosed 1980–2009. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to evaluate the total and site‐specific incidence of SC compared to the ...

The background for this thesis is lack of knowledge that covers the broader perspective of development, implementation, and evaluation of continuity of care-solutions for persons with diverse and complex needs in hospitals and across health services. The aim was therefore to investigate implications for hospital practices related to realizing continuity of care for patients with long-term complex ...

Western health care policy emphasizes continuity of care for people with dementia. This paper presents formal and family caregivers’ descriptions of collaboration in home-based dementia care and explores whether this collaboration inhibits or enables continuity of care and the use of the statutory individual plan. Empirical data were derived from 18 in-depth interviews with formal and family caregivers ...

Continuous monitoring of the glomerular ltration rate (GFR) in the perioperative setting could provide valuable information about acute kidney injury risk for both clinical and research purposes. ­is pilot study aimed to demonstrate that GFR measurement by a continuous 72 hrs iohexol infusion in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery is feasible. Four patients undergoing robot-assisted ...

Background - Oxygen inhalation aborts cluster headache attacks, and case reports show the effect of continuous positive airway pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate the prophylactic effect of continuous positive airway pressure in chronic cluster headache.<p> <p>Methods - This was a randomized placebo-controlled triple-blind crossover study using active and sham continuous positive ...

<i>Background</i> - There is no standardised method to investigate death as a patient safety indicator and we need valid and reliable measurements to use adverse events contributing to death as a quality measure.<p> <p><i>Objective</i> - To investigate the contribution of severe adverse events to death in hospitalised patients and clarify methodological differences using the Global Trigger Tool ...