Three different phases can be distinguished in rats’ sexual cycle, the introductory (precopulatory), the copulatory and the executive (ejaculatory) phases. In this review, a new analysis of existing pharmacological data is made, both in male and female rats, in which the different aspects of sexual behavior are taken into account. An effort is made to distinguish pharmacological effects on sexual ...

Cognitive effort is highly familiar in everyday life and may influence our decisions and task performance. However, researchers have struggled to both define and measure cognitive effort. A range of tools measuring cognitive effort has been developed within different lines of research. Yet it is unclear to what degree these tools are related and if they are measuring the same cognitive effort ...

Tackling antibiotic resistance represents one of the major challenges in modern medicine, and limiting antibiotics’ overuse represents the first step in this fight. Most antibiotics are prescribed in primary care settings, and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are one of the most common indications for their prescription. An expert panel conducted an extensive report on C-reactive protein ...

This paper provides an understanding on the role of the electronic nursing documentation, as an integrated part of the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) in a heterogeneous work practice hospital unit characterized by short-time stay. The aim is to find what role the electronic nursing documentation plays in the communication and collaboration between health care professionals and the different wards ...

Acquisition of social dominance is important for social species including mice, for preferential access to foods and mates. Male mice establish social rank through agonistic behaviors, which are regulated by gonadal steroid hormone, testosterone, as its original form and aromatized form. It is well known that estrogen receptors (ERs), particularly ER α (ERα), mediate effects of aromatized testosterone, ...

The present thesis experimentally set out to try to answer if there was a correlation between reinforcement learning and eye-movements and what the implications of such a correlation might be. An important experimental factor here was the decision to do this online, to see if it was possible to get valid and reliable results, and furthermore perhaps reach out to a more diverse group of people than ...

<p><i>Background:</i>Together with the ambulances staffed with emergency medical technicians (EMTs), general practitioners(GPs) on call are the primary resources for handling emergencies outside hospitals in Norway. The benefit of the GP accompanying the ambulance to pre-hospital calls is a matter of controversy in Norway. The purpose of the present study was to gain better insight into the EMT’s ...

<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> colonizes the respiratory tract in humans and causes both invasive and noninvasive infections. Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in <i>H. influenzae</i> is rare in Europe. In this study, we defined acquired resistance gene loci and <i>ftsI</i> mutations in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and/or PBP3-mediated beta-lactam-resistant (rPBP3) <i>H. influenzae</i> ...

Neuroblastoma er en type nervecellekreft hos barn. Den har en svært kompleks biologisk heterogenisitet og er i noen tilfeller resistent mot cellegift. Den aggressive varianten av neuroblastoma er vanskelig å behandle, og dødeligheten er relativ høy. Det betyr at behovet for alternative behandlingsstrategier er stort. Gjennom økt biologisk forståelse kan man utvikle mer målrettede behandlinger som ...

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine that exerts multiple roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. Enhanced IL-1β signaling drives hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation into the myeloid lineage and is actively involved in the development and progression of hematological malignancies, including deadly acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Inhibition of IL-1β ...