Adverse reactions to dental resin based materials

Abstract

Introduction: Dentists give dental treatment with resin-based materials to patients every day, and these materials are known to contain several substances that may cause unwanted reactions in human. Possible reactions in a shorter time limit are contact allergy and toxic contact dermatitis. Some plastic materials are also known to release substances which may have an estrogenic effect. Aim: The aim of this master thesis was to explore by a literature research the risk for the patient getting adverse reactions when treated with resin-based materials. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies were acquired through a search in PubMed for adverse reactions and resin-based materials. Three relevant articles were found. Results and Discussion: Dental resin-based materials used for restoring of lost tooth substance contain reactive substances (e.g. methacrylates, initiators etc.). Precautions should be taken in all patients to decrease the leakage and direct exposure of these substances. This should be considered when the patient has a known allergy. Dentures and orthodontic baseplates may contain Phtalates and Bisphenol A, known as xenoestrogens. The amount of released substances is, however, considered to be low and therefore adverse effects in patients may be rare. The dentist should be aware of that, and know what to tell the patient when a concern about this comes up. Still, the awareness and knowledge of adverse effects toward those materials are limited and more clinical studies are needed.